disastermanagement-.pptx explana tion in detailstion

Disaster management

1. Introduction A disaster is an event that causes significant harm, destruction, or disruption to human lives, property, and the environment, often exceeding the affected community's ability to cope using its own resources.

2. Definition of Disaster “Any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life , deterioration of health and health services , sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community/area.” (WHO) “A disaster can defined as an occurrence either Nature or Man made that causes Human suffering and creates human needs that victim can not alleviate without assistance.” (American Red Cross)

3. Cont. “Disaster is an Emergency in which local authorities cannot cope the goal of emergency management is to protect public health.” ALL DISASTERS ARE EMERGENCIES BUT NOT ALL EMERGENCIES ARE DISASTERS

4. Classification Of Disasters Biological Disaster: Insect Infestation, Epidemics & Animal Attacks. Geographical Disaster: Earth Quake & Tsunamis, Volcanic Eruptions etc. Climatological Disaster: Droughts(Associated with Food insecurities), Extreme Temperature & Wild Fires

5. Cont. Hydrological Disaster: Flood including Waves and Surges. Meteorological Disaster: Storms

6. Met eoro l og i cal Disasters Floods Tsunami Cyclone Hurricane Typhoon Snow storm Blizzard Hail storm T op o graph i cal Disasters Earthquake Volcanic Erupti o ns Asteroids E n vironmental Disasters Global w a r m i n g Ozone d e p l eti o n Solar flare 8

7. Techn l og i cal Disasters Transport failure Public place failure Fire Ind u strial Ch e mical spills R a dio a ctive spills Security related War Terrorism Internal c o nflicts 9

8. Meteorological Disaster Flood (mostly occur in June–September) Tsunami International Tsunami Centre is Situated in Honolulu( Hawai ).

9. Cont. Cyclone Hurricane

10. Cont. Typhoon Blizzard

11. Cont. Hail Storm Snow Storm

12. Disaster Nursing “Disaster Nursing is defined as The adaptation of professional nursing knowledge, skills and Attitude in recognizing and meeting the nursing, health and emotional needs of disaster victims.”

13. ‘DISASTER’ Al phabetically means D - D etection I – Incid ent Command S – S afety and Security A - A ssess S - S upport T – Tr iage & Treatment E – E valuation R - Re covery

14. Qualities of Nurse working in Disaster Confidence Cooperation Coordination Control Value of human life Gentleness Strength Trust Interdependence Sensitivity Leadership

15. Emergency Operational Plan (EOP) Hospitals are required to have an Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) which describes how a facility will respond to and recover from all hazards.It is inclusive of the Six critical elements within the joint Commission’s emergency Management Standards: Communication Resources and Assets Safety and Security Staff Responsibilities Utilizes and clinical Support Activities

16. Goal of Disaster Management The goal of disaster management is the safety and sustainability of human lives Safety is related to avoiding death and injuries to human lives during a disaster Sustainability is related to livelihood, socioeconomic, cultural, environmental and psychological aspects

17. DISASTER MANAGEMENT

18. Disaster Management A continuous and integrated process of planning, organizing, coordinating and implementing measures which are necessary for: Prevention of danger or threat of any disaster. Re d uct io n of r isk of a ny di s as t er o r its se v er i ty . Preparedness to deal with any disaster. Asses s ing t h e s e v er i ty of e f f e cts of any disaster . Evacuation, rescue and relief. Rehabilitation and reconstruction.

19. Principles of Disaster Management Disaster management is the responsibility of all spheres of government Disaster management should use resources that exist for a day-to-day purpose. Organizations should function as an extension of their core business Individuals are responsible for their own safety. Disaster management planning should focus on large-scale events.

20. Color Coding for management System in NABH/High Facilitate Hospitals: Color Code Condition/Complication CODE RED Fire CODE BLACK Bomb Threatening CODE YELLOW External Disaster (Mass causality) CODE PINK Child Abduction CODE GREY Internal Disaster Lab./Radiologic Accident CODE BLUE Cardiac Arrest (Medical Emergency)

21. DISASTER CYCLE AND MANAGEMENT

22. Planning how to respond. Examples: Preparedness plans; emergency exercises/training, warning systems To E nsure the appropriate system procedures & resources are in place to provide prompt effective assistance to disaster victims, thus facilitating relief measure & rehabilitation services. (i) DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

23. Minimizing the effects of disaster Examples : Building codes and zoning; vulnerability analyses, public education . MITIGATION

24. RESPONSE Efforts to minimize the hazards created by a disaster Examples. Search and rescue; emergency relief

25. RECOVERY Returning the community to normal Examples Temporary housing, grants, medical care

26. Elements of Disaster Plan Chain of authority Lines of communication Modes of transport Mobilization Warning Equation Rescue and recovery Triage Treatment Support of victims and families Care of dead bodies Disaster worker rehabilitation.

27. ARE NURSES PREPARED ? ??

28. Role of Nurse in Disaster Preparedness PERSONAL PREPAREDNESS: Capacity Building Readiness to work in the multidisciplinary team Knowledge about community Types of disaster and its management Certified first aider and CPR Knowledge about Policies and protocols Communication skill

29. Professional Preparedness Prepared disaster preparedness written plan Control room Rapid Response Team License and health resources P ersonal equipment, such as a stethoscope, a flashlight and extra batteries, Cash, Warm clothing and a heavy jacket (or weather-appropriate clothing), Record-keeping materials, Pocket-sized reference books.

30. Cont. Disaster management committee Information and communication Use of personal protective devices: Disaster beds Logistic support system Training and drills . Unity of command with mobile van Standard operating protocol

31. Activation of Disaster management Plans “Failure to plan is planning to fail ”. Develop a standard operating procedure Reception area-Disaster control room. Triage system Documentation at control room Public relation Crowd management

32. Community Preparedness “A prepared community is one which has developed effective emergency and disaster management arrangements at the local level, resulting in : Alert , informed and active community which Supports its voluntary organizations. Active and involved local government. Agreed and coordinated arrangement

33. Transculture nursing Culture: Norms and practices of a particular group that are learned and shared and guide thinking, decisions, and actions. Cultural values : The individual's desirable or preferred way of acting or knowing something that is sustained over a period of time and which governs actions or decisions.

34. : According to Leininger , The transcultural nursing is described as that which incorporates all aspects of a person's culture in planning and providing care transcultural nursing encourages an appreciation of all cultures and discourages imposing your or our cultural practices and others.

35. Purposes Cultural background affect a person's health in all dimensions Although basic human needs are the same for all people, the way a person seeks to meet those needs is influenced by culture. To heighten awareness of ways in which their own faith system To foster understanding, respect and appreciation for the individuality and diversity of patients beliefs, value To strengthen their commitment to relationship centered medicine that emphasizes care of the suffering person rather than attention simply more to the pathophysiology of disease, and recognizes the physician as a dynamic component of that relationship.

36. Purposes (cont..) To facilitate in recognizing the role of the hospital chaplain and the patient's clergy as partners in the health care team in providing care for the patient . To encourage in developing and maintaining a program of physical, emotional and spiritual self- care introduce therapies from the East, such as ayurveda and pancha karma

37. PROFESSIONAL ROLES AND ATTRIBUTES IN TRANSCULTURAL NURSING The purpose of transcultural nursing is to develop knowledge in providing culturally specific and universal nursing care to individuals, families, groups and communities, and institutions within a multicultural framework. To achieve this objective, healthcare providers need to support the values, behaviors, knowledge, and skills necessary for working in a culturally diversified environment.

38. ROLE OF A NURSE The nurse should begin the assessment by attempting to determine the client's cultural heritage and language skills. Nurses should evaluate their attitudes toward ethnic nursing care The process of self-evaluation can help the nurse become more comfortable when providing care to clients from diverse backgrounds

39. ROLE OF A NURSE The nurse should begin the assessment by attempting to determine the client's cultural heritage and language skills. Nurses should evaluate their attitudes toward ethnic nursing care The process of self-evaluation can help the nurse become more comfortable when providing care to clients from diverse backgrounds Nurses have a responsibility to understand the influence of culture, race &ethnicity on the development of social emotional relationship, child rearing practices &attitude toward health . • The nurse should have an understanding of the general characteristics of the major ethnic groups,but should always individualize care rather than generalize about all clients in these groups

40. ROLE OF A NURSE The nurse should have an understanding of the general characteristics of the major ethnic groups,but should always individualize care rather than generalize about all clients in these groups • The nursing diagnosis for clients should include potential problems in their interaction with the health care system and problems involving the effects of culture • The planning and implementation of nursing interventions should be adapted as much as possible to the client's cultural background. • Evaluation should include the nurse's self- evaluation of attitudes and emotions toward providing nursing care to clients from diverse socio-cultural backgrounds

41. CONT.. Discussing cultural questions related to care with the chent and family during the planning stage helps the surse understand how cultural variables are related to the client's health beliefs and practices, so that interventions can be indrodualized for the chent The nurse evaluates the results of nursing care for ethnic clients as for all clients, determining the extent to which the goals of care have been met

42. Conclusion In conclusion by recognizing and respecting cultural differences, healthcare professionals can better understand the unique needs and vulnerabilities of affected communities, thereby enhancing disaster preparedness, response, and recovery efforts. Collaboration between disaster management specialists and transcultural nurses fosters effective communication, promotes trust, and facilitates the delivery of culturally competent care in times of crisis.