Disasters in india

Presentation on 10 latest Real Life (natural & man-made) disasters in India.

1. 10 Latest Real Life Disasters In India

2. Natural Disasters In India India , the second most populated country in the world, is highly exposed to natural disasters. Due to its geographical location, seismic risk zone and inter-tropical convergence point, the Indian subcontinent also faces recurring atmospheric phenomena: heavy monsoon rains, floods, episodes of high heat, drought, etc . According to the report of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), the total number of people who died between 2 000 and 2 019 is 79 732.   Natural disasters Material loss Human loss Floods 52% 63% 32% Hurricanes 30% 19% 32% Landslides 10% - 2% Earthquakes 5% 10% 33% Droughts 3% 5% 1% Total 100% 100% 100%

3. Cyclone Amphan Year : May 2020 Affected Areas: Eastern India, specially West Bengal & Odisha Number of deaths: 98 deaths (In India) Number of affected persons: >500000(homeless) Other Details: Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan was a powerful and catastrophic tropical cyclone that caused widespread damage in Eastern India, specifically West Bengal, Odisha and in Bangladesh in May 2020. It was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike the Ganges Delta since Sidr of the 2007 season and the first super cyclonic storm to have formed in the Bay of Bengal since the 1999 Odisha cyclone. Satellite animation of Amphan making landfall over West Bengal on 20 May

4. Preparation & Impact Amphan's forecast track placed 38.9 million people in India and Bangladesh at risk of exposure to the storm's winds, according to the US Pacific Disaster Center. Ships and aircraft of the Indian Coast Guard directed fishing boats to harbor in coordination with the administrations and fisheries departments of Odisha and West Bengal. The Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre Prime Minister  Narendra Modi  held a meeting with Minister of Home Affairs  Amit Shah, Chief Minister of West Bengal  Mamata Banerjee , Chief Minister of Odisha  Naveen Patnaik  and other officials on 18 May to review preparations and evacuation plans. Prime Minister  Narendra Modi  making an aerial survey of Cyclone Amphan affected areas of West Bengal on May 22, 2020.

5. Kerala Floods Year : July 2018 Affected Areas : Kerala, India No. of deaths: 483 dead Property damage: Rs. 400 billion Other details: According to the Kerala government, one-sixth of the total population of Kerala had been directly affected by the floods and related incidents. The Indian government had declared it a Level 3 Calamity, or "calamity of a severe nature". It is the worst flood in Kerala after the great flood of 99 that took place in 1924. All five overflow gates of the  Idukki Dam were opened at the same time, and for the first time in 26 years 5 gates of the  Malampuzha dam of  Palakkad  were opened.[17] Heavy rains in  Wayanad  and  Idukki  have caused severe landslides and have left the hilly districts isolated. A flooded home at Companypady

6. Rescue missions Rescue operation at government level Being instructed by ISRO the Cabinet Secretary, senior officers of Defence Services, NDRF, NDMA and secretaries of Civilian Ministries conducted meetings with Kerala Chief Secretary. Following the decisions taken during these meetings, the Centre launched massive rescue and relief operations. In one of the largest rescue operations 40 helicopters, 31 aircraft, 182 teams for rescue, 18 medical teams of defence forces, 90 teams of NDRF Rescue Operation by Public WhatsApp groups sprung up as Control Centers that coordinated help and support across various areas .  A good majority of the population were involved in arranging supplies and help material in various ways . Southern Naval Command initiates Operation Madad  in Kerala on 16 August 2018 Padivattom disaster relief camp on 17 August 2018

7. 2015 South India floods Year : 8 Nov. 2015 – 14 Dec 2015 Location: South India (Tamil Nadu, Puducherry , Andhra Pradesh) Deaths : 500+ Property damage : Rs 199 billion – Rs. 1000 billion ( unoffcial estimates) Other details: The 2015 South India floods resulted from heavy rainfall generated by the annual northeast monsoon in November–December 2015. They affected the Coromandel Coast region of the South Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. Though the unusually heavy rainfall in southern India during the winter of 2015 has been attributed to the 2014–16 El Niño event, in July 2018 the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) categorised the flooding across Tamil Nadu as a "man-made disaster," and held the Government of Tamil Nadu responsible for the scale of the catastrophe, which the latter had termed a natural disaster Submerged bridges in Chennai

8. Consequences &Relief efforts Relief efforts by the Indian Navy in Chennai Indian Navy officers distribute drinking water in Chennai. Apart from basic necessities, fuel supplies and travel were greatly affected, especially in Chennai. Numerous accounts of price-gouging were reported; airfares to and from for most parts of South India peaked to almost 10 times over their normal price. Tamil Nadu Chief Minister  Jayalalithaa  announced an initial allocation of ₹5 billion (US$70 million) for relief and rehousing , with ₹400,000 (US$5,600) for each family who had lost relatives in the floods. 12 cyclone shelters were built in  Nagapattinam district, while 11 teams of the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) were dispatched to Tamil Nadu. Over 10,000 people had been rescued by 14 to 27 November and dozens of relief camps established .

9. Cyclone Fani Year : 26 April 2019 – 5 May 2019 Areas Affected : Odisha , West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh Deaths : 89 total Property Damage : $8.1 billion Other details: Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Fani  was the worst tropical cyclone to strike the Indian state of  Odisha  since the 1999 Odisha cyclone. The second named storm and the first severe cyclonic storm of the 2019 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Fani originated from a tropical depression that formed west of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean on 26 April. Vertical wind shear at first hindered the storm's development, but conditions became more favorable for Fani on 30 April. Trees under heavy wind in Odisha during cyclone Fani

10. 2019 Bihar heat wave Date : May 2019 – June 2019 No of deaths : 184 dead Area Affected : Bihar (India) Other details : From mid-May to mid-June 2019, India and Pakistan had a severe heat wave. It was one of the hottest and longest heat waves since the two countries began recording weather reports. The highest temperatures occurred in  Churu , Rajasthan, reaching up to 50.8 °C (123.4 °F), a near record high in India, missing the record of 51.0 °C (123.8 °F) set in 2016 by a fraction of a degree. As of 12 June 2019, 32 days are classified as parts of the heatwave , making it the second longest ever recorded. As a result of hot temperatures and inadequate preparation, more than 184 people died in the state of Bihar,[8] with many more deaths reported in other parts of the country. In Pakistan, five infants died after extreme heat exposure 2019 Indo-Pakistani heat wave affected areas. NASA Earth observatory.

11. IMPACT & RESPONSE The heat wave has caused multiple deaths and cases of illness. As of 31 May 2019, 8 deaths and 456 cases of illness due to heat were reported in Maharashtra, at least 17 deaths in  Telangana , and 3 deaths and 433 cases of heat stroke in Andhra Pradesh. A fourth passenger was found in critical condition and brought to a hospital where they died of overheating.In the state of Bihar, heat-related deaths reached 184 on 18 June according to Al Jazeera,while according to Zee News the death toll was 139 on 19 June 2019. The Indian National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) had a goal for keeping heat related deaths this year to single digits. In 2018, the heat wave death toll was kept at 20 through public safety measures; for example, government workers across the country conducted awareness campaigns and distributed free water. However in 2019, the national general election took place and workers who normally issued heat wave warnings were instead performing election duties.  Ministry of Health advised avoiding the sun between noon and 3 p.m. and not drinking alcohol, tea, or coffee. Meanwhile the NDMA recommended covering the head, cross-ventilating rooms, and sleeping under a slightly wet sheet.

12. Kashmir Floods disaster Year :  2014 Affected Areas:   Rajouri , Srinagar, Bandipur etc. Number of deaths:  550+  Cause:   Continuous torrential rainfall and swelling of Jhelum RiverThis flood caused a huge loss to the lives of the Kashmir region in September 2014. The water of the Jhelum river swelled due to continuous torrential rainfall. That is why water entered into the residential areas of the Kashmir region. Indian army helped a lot to the stranded residents of this region. Around 550 people lost their lives and damage of properties was estimated between Rs. 5000 cr and 6000 cr. Aerial view of kashmir floods

13. Gujarat Earthquake 2001 Date : 26 Jan 2001 Duration : 22 sec Magnitude : 7.7 Mw Tpye : Oblique slip Deaths: 13805 – 20023 dead Other details: The 2001 Gujarat earthquake, also known as the Bhuj earthquake, occurred on 26 January, India's 52nd Republic Day, at 08:46 am IST. The  epicentre  was about 9 km south-southwest of the village of  Chobari  in  Bhachau   Taluka  of Kutch District of Gujarat, India. The  intraplate earthquake reached 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum felt intensity of X (Extreme) on the  Mercalli intensity scale. After the quake, Gujarat

14. EFFECTS & RECONSTRUCTION Hinduja Hospital's relief camp at Bhuj The death toll in the Kutch region was 12,300.  Bhuj , which was situated only 20 km away from the epicentre , was devastated. Considerable damage also occurred in  Bhachau  and  Anjar  with hundreds of villages flattened in Taluka of Anjar , Bhuj and Bhachau . Over one million structures were damaged or destroyed, including many historic buildings and tourist attractions.[12] The quake destroyed around 40% of homes, eight schools, two hospitals and 4 km of road in Bhuj . The housing policies focused on the removal of rubble, setting up temporary shelters, full reconstruction of damaged houses, and the retrofitting of undamaged units. The policy established a community-driven housing recovery process. The communities affected by the earthquake were given the option for complete or partial relocation to in-situ reconstruction. U.S. Air Force personnel preparing relief supplies

15. Bhopal Gas Tragedy Date : 2 Dec. 1984 – 3 Dec. 1984 Location : Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh Cause : Methyl isocynate leak from Union Carbide India Limited plant Deaths : At least 3787 over 16000 claimed Other details : The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is considered among the world's worst industrial disasters.[1][2] Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas. The highly toxic substance made its way into and around the small towns located near the plant

16. Related Information Warning bell before the tragedy   In 1969, the UCIL factory was made to produce Sevin (a pesticide) using methyl isocyanate as an intermediate. In 1976, trade unions in Bhopal complained of pollution within the plant. A few years later, a worker accidentally inhaled a large amount of toxic phosgene gas, leading to his death a couple of hours later.  Impact of methyl isocyanate leak   Doctors were not aware of proper treatment methods the incident. Methyl isocyanate gas leak killed more than 15,000 people and affected over 600,000 workers. The stillbirth rate and the neonatal mortality rate increased by up to 300% and 200% respectively.  The gas leak impact trees and animals too. Within a couple of days, trees in the nearby area became barren.

17. Cyclone Hudhud Date : 7 Oct. 2014 – 14 Oct. 2014 Deaths : 124 dead Damage : $3.58 billion Areas Affected : Andaman and Nicobar Islands Andhra Pradesh, Vishakhapatnam etc Other details : Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Hudhud was a strong tropical cyclone that caused extensive damage and loss of life in eastern India and Nepal during October 2014. Hudhud originated from a low-pressure system that formed under the influence of an upper-air cyclonic circulation in the Andaman Sea on October 6. Hudhud intensified into a cyclonic storm on October 8 and as a Severe Cyclonic Storm on October 9. Hudhud underwent rapid deepening in the following days and was classified as a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm by the IMD A blown away bridge near Visakhapatnam Roadway destruction in Visakhapatnam

18. 2013 Uttrakhand Flood Date : Uttrakhand , Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh Deaths : 5748 Property Damage : 4550 villages were affected Other Details : In June 2013, a mid-day cloudburst centered on the North Indian state of Uttrakhand caused devastating floods and landslides, becoming the country's worst natural disaster since the 2004 tsunami. The rainfall received that month was far greater than the rainfall the state usually received. Debris blocked the rivers, causing major overflow. The main day of the flood was 16 June 2013. Broken end of footbridge over the Mandakini River at Rudraprayag Sangam.

19. Origin & Aftermath From 16 June 2013 a well marked Cyclonic circulation develop from a low pressure area over Bay of Bengal moving westward, rapidly intensify due to moisture supply from both Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea combined with a intense western disturbances from north causing, the Indian state of Uttarakhand and adjoining areas received heavy rainfall leading to 375% more than the benchmark rainfall during a normal monsoon. This caused the melting of Chorabari Glacier at the height of 3800 meters, and eruption of the Mandakini River which led to heavy floods near Gobindghat, Kedar Dome, Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Western Nepal, and acute rainfall in other nearby regions of Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and some parts of Tibet