Diseases and Disorders of Conjunctiva.pptx

Diseases of Conjunctiva

1. Diseases and Disorders of Conjunctiva

2. Think! What is Conjunctiva?

3. Recall - Conjunctiva

4. Learning Objectives At the end of the session the trainee will be able to: Name different conjunctival diseases and disorders Narrate the causes of conjunctival diseases and disorders Describe the signs and symptoms of diseases and disorders Explain the treatment options

5. Diseases and Disorders of Conjunctiva Inflammation of Conjunctiva: Infective conjunctivitis Allergic conjunctivitis Conjunctival Cysts & Tumor: Retention cysts Conjunctival Degenerations: Concretions Pinguecula Pterygium Symptomatic Conditions: Subconjunctival Hemorrhage Conjunctival Xerosis Stevens – Johnson syndrome Bitot’s Spot

6. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Infective Acute Non-specific Specific Allergic Phlyctenular Vernal Conjunctivitis - Inflammation of the conjunctiva . Conjunctivitis are classified as :

7. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Conjunctivitis – Clinical features Occurrence & Causes: Unilateral or bilateral Exposure to toxics or chemicals Clinical features: Discharge Congestion Subconjunctival Haemorrhage Edema Follicles Papillae

8. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Infective Conjunctivitis Muco -purulent Purulent Membranous

9. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Infective Conjunctivitis Gonococcal Acute Catarrhal Simple chronic

10. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Infective Conjunctivitis Angular Follicular Trachoma

11. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Infective Conjunctivitis – Causes, Signs and Symptoms Causes: Unhygienic Dry Use of kajal Sandy weather Signs: Bulbar congestion Presence of follicles Symptoms: Foreign body sensation Grittiness Itching Pain Redness

12. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Infective Conjunctivitis – Diagnosis and Treatment Diagnosis: Conjunctival scraping (Swab (culture test)) Treatment: Improvement of personal hygiene Therapeutic Drugs

13. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Allergic Conjunctivitis Phlyctenular Vernal Inflammation caused by an allergic reaction to substances like pollen.

14. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Allergic Conjunctivitis – Causes, Signs and Symptoms Causes: Unhygienic Malnutrition Endogenous toxins Dust Signs: Cobble-stone appearance Appears bluish – white colour Symptoms: Itching Discharge Photophobia

15. Inflammation of Conjunctiva Allergic Conjunctivitis – Diagnosis and treatment Diagnosis: Examination of the eye Treatment: Cold compress

16. Assessment In Purulent ‘Pur’ means _______. Pus Pass Pure 2. One of the cause for Trachoma is _______. Poor Hygiene Glaucoma Fever

17. Conjunctival Degeneration The tissues of the conjunctiva get collapsed or degenerated. Concretions (Lithiasis) Pterygium Pinguecula

18. Conjunctival Degeneration Concretions ( Lithiasis ) Causes : Accumulation of degenerated epithelial cells Signs : Yellow/White spots in conjunctiva Symptoms : Grittiness (Irritation) Diagnosis: Examination of the eye Treatment : Evacuated with a small needle Hard yellow/white spots in the palpebral conjunctiva.

19. Conjunctival Degeneration Pinguecula Causes: Age, Dust, wind Exposed to strong sunlight Signs : Yellowish triangular deposit Treatment : If inflamed it is treated with topical steroids. Yellowish, triangular deposit on the conjunctiva near the limbus and away from cornea.

20. Conjunctival Degeneration Pterygium Progressive Atrophic Apex: (Lies over the cornea) Neck: (Lies over the limbus) Body: (Lies over the sclera) Pterygium is a pinkish, triangular tissue growth that extends from the conjunctiva towards the cornea.

21. Conjunctival Degeneration Pterygium Causes: Ultraviolet irradiation (farmers and outdoor workers) Exposure to sunlight and irritants (sand, wind) Signs: Wedge-shaped, translucent membrane White or pink in colour Regular or irregular astigmatism Symptoms: Redness Decreased vision Dryness Irritation Diagnosis - Vision test Treatment: Surgery (Conjunctival transplantation, excision)

22. Conjunctival Cysts and Tumor Cysts are fluid filled sac on the conjunctiva Tumor is a tissue mass Tumor Cyst

23. Conjunctival Cysts and Tumor Causes : Following injury After an Surgery (Recurrent cyst) Obstruction of ducts Signs : Solid white mass Symptoms : Appears in conjunctival region Diagnosis : Biopsy Treatment : Surgery

24. Symptomatic Conditions Subconjunctival Hemorrhage (SCH) Conjunctival Xerosis Stevens- Jhonson Syndrome Bitot’s Spot

25. Symptomatic Conditions Causes : Vitamin A deficiency Conjunctival Lesions Signs : Redness and pain Irritation Burning sensation Symptoms : Dry Eye Diagnosis : Shimmer’s test Treatment : Antibiotics Saline pad and bandage Lubricating drops

26. Activity c p h A l o t k H P i i e n m n t p e t s n m o r r r a s e o g o x g w a y o r r u r m e u c y s y u e r j a r h e r g o c h d n q o l H i m u a q d l m s x u u l g z e i a d i m T A e s r n z w t s

27. Activity c p h A l o t k H P i i e n m n t p e t s n m o r r r a s e o g o x g w a y o r r u r m e u c y s y u e r j a r h e r g o c h d n q o l H i m u a q d l m s x u u l g z e i a d i m T A e s r n z w t s

28. THANK YOU!!!