Diseases of Capsicum

can be called as Diseases of Chilly too as the diseases are same.

1. Diseases of Capsicum AJMAL FAYIQUE C ALB2008

2. 1. Damping off Primary source : seed borne oospores Secondary source : irrigation water Causal organism : Pythium aphanidermatum . Symptoms : pale green seedling, brownish water soaked lesion on the basal portion of stem, girdling of stem, rot of tissue and collapse of seedlings.

3. MANAGEMENT: Raising nursery in light soil with proper drainage Rabbing – burning farm trash on the surface of beds. Sowing seeds on raised beds. Seed treatment wuth T hiram or C aptan @ 2-3g per kg. Soil drenching with Bordeaux mixture 1% or Copper oxychloride 0.3% or Metalaxyl 0.2%.

4. 2. Anthracnose Primary source : Seed borne Secondary source : Wind borne conidia Causal organism : Colletrotrichium capsici Symptoms : circular sunken spots with black margins on fruits,premature fruit drop.

5. Management : Seed treatment with C aptan or T hiram 3-4g per kg of seeds. Collect seeds from disease free plants. Removal and destruction of S olanaceous weed hosts and infected plant debris. Spray three times M ancozeb @ 0.25% or Captan 1.5% before flowering, at fruit formation stage and 15 days after second spray.

6. 3. Powdery mildew Primary source : crop debris S econdary source : conidia Causal organisms : Leveillula taurica Small, circular whitish spots. At later stages entire leaf surface is with dirty white growth. Management : Spray wettable Sulphur 0.3% or Dinocap or Carbendazim or Tridemorph 0.1%

7. 4. Bacterial leaf spot Primary source : Seed borne Secondary source : Rain splashes Caused by X anthomonas vesicatoria Small, irregular, black greasy lesions Water soaked raised spots with white halo. Scabby surface

8. MANAGEMENT: Collect seeds from healthy fruits. Seed treatment with Copper oxychloride 2g per kg. Field sanitation Spray twice with Streptocycline 0.1g mixed with Copper oxychloride 3g per litre of water @ 15 days interval.

9. 5. Leaf curl Transmission by >>>>> White fly ( Bemisia tabaci) Causal organism : Chilly leaf curl virus. Rolling and crinkling of the leaves. New leaves show chlorosis and old leaves become weathery and brittle. Few fruits set that too small.

10. 6. Mosaic Transmission by>>>>> Aphis gossypii, A.evonymi , Myzus persicae Caused by TMV, CMV Stunting and poor devolopment of plants. Mosaic mottling seen Abnormal shape of leaves Marginal rolling.

11. MANAGEMENT: Collection of seeds from healthy fields. Seed treatment with Trisodium orthophosphate 16% for 30 minutes followed by washing with clean water. Roughing and destruction of infected plants to remove foci of inoculum. Raising barrier crops to intercept aphid vectors from neighbouring fields. Spray systemic insecticides to kill vectors.

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