diseases of wheat

The most troublesome pests of paddy along with their control measures
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1. WELCOME……

2. Bacterial and viral diseases of Wheat Nagendra,S.R. ALB2100

3. Contents Bacterial Diseases Yellow Ear Rot Black chaff/Bacterial streak Bacterial leaf blight Viral Disease S Wheat Soil borne Mosaic virus Wheat streak Mosaic Virus

4. 1)Yellow Ear Rot / Tundu Disease Pathogen : Clavibacter tritici (the disease is known to occur only in association with nematode ( Anguina tritici ) The bacterium is spherical , gram positive and capsulated. SPREAD : Seeds contaminated with nematode galls are responsible for the spread of the disease.

5. The disease is characterized by twisting, distortion of earhead and rotting of spikelet's, with profuse oozing of yellow liquid from the infected tissues. Symptoms

6. 2)Black chaff = bacterial streak Pathogen : Xanthomonas translucence pv . undulosum Favorable Environmental Conditions: Black chaff is favored by wet and humid weather.

7. Symptoms: Discoloration of glumes on a mature white head Dark purple discoloration of wheat stem

8. BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT Pathogen: Pseudomonas syringae pv . syringae Favourable conditions : Moist and mild weather during flag leaf emergence. It can tolerate warm or freezing temperature. Free moisture is required for disease development.

9. Symptoms: Start as narrow chlorate lesions on leaves, turn yellow and then dark brown When moist, a water soaked appearance from the bacterial exudate I.e. sticky yellowish colors.

10. VIRAL DISEASES: Wheat Soil borne Mosaic Virus Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus

11. 1)Wheat soil borne mosaic virus Pathogen : Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) Conditions : Long periods of fluctuating temperatures in early spring. Transmission : Soilborne fungal vector ( Polymyxa graminis ) and sap transmission

12. Polymyxa graminis ,is the reported vector of wheat soil borne mosaic virus is an obligate root parasite of wheat.

13. Symptoms: Yellow green mosaic on young leaves, stunting, severe rosetting and excessive tillering . This virus is transmitted by soil borne fungi.

14. 2)Wheat streak Mosaic Virus Transmission : Eriophes tulipae (Wheat curl mite) Alternate hosts: Maize, oats, barley, wild grass

15. Mosaic streaking all along the veins, the infested plants produce fewer or less tillering and stunted growth. Symptoms :

16. Infects both winter and spring wheat. Earlier infection = greater yield loss. Grassy weeds, volunteer wheat, corn, etc. can harbor both WSMV and the mite vector.

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