Disglossia, Bilingualism, and Multilingualism.pptx

For Assignment
Al Fitri Faradila I
Febia Catur P
Nadya Jasmine Rubaina

1. Disglossia, Bilingualism, and Multilingualism

2. Hello! Al Fitri Faradila I (212022440 Febia Catur P (21202244055) Nadya Jasmine R (21202244123) ‹#›

3. Roadmap ‹#› 1 3 5 Disglossia Bilingualism Multilingualism

4. 1. Disglossia Let’s start with the first set of slides ‹#›

5. In sociolinguistics, diglossia is a situation in which two distinct varieties of a language are spoken within the same speech community. There are three crucial features of diglossi. Two distinct varieties of the same language are used in the community, with one regarded as high (or H) variety and the other a low (or L) variety. Each variety is used for quite distinct functions; H and L complement each other. For example, the differences between standard and Egyptian Arabic; Greek; and Haitian Creole. ‹#›

6. "In the classic diglossic situation, two varieties of a language, such as standard French and Haitian creole French, exist alongside each other in a single society," explains author Robert Lane Greene. "Each variety has its own fixed functions—one a 'high,' prestigious variety, and one a 'low,' or colloquial, one. Using the wrong variety in the wrong situation would be socially inappropriate, almost on the level of delivering the BBC's nightly news in broad Scots." He continues the explanation: ‹#› "Children learn the low variety as a native language; in diglossic cultures, it is the language of home, the family, the streets and marketplaces, friendship, and solidarity. By contrast, the high variety is spoken by few or none as a first language. It must be taught in school. The high variety is used for public speaking, formal lectures and higher education, television broadcasts, sermons, liturgies, and writing. (Often the low variety has no written form.)" ("You Are What You Speak." Delacorte, 2011)

7. A bilingual person is someone who speaks two languages. ‹#› 2. Bilingualism

8. How do people become bilingual? A person can become bilingual by learning two languages ​​simultaneously during childhood or by learning a first language followed by a second language. Many bilinguals grow up bilingual. In America, such people are often the children of immigrants. These children grow up in their parent’s homes in their native language while speaking English in school. But many bilinguals are not immigrants. It is not uncommon for people born in the United States to speak English at school or work and another language at home. A child can also be bilingual if you constantly speak to them in different languages. Children may grow up in homes where parents speak different languages. In this case, the child can learn to speak to each parent in the parent’s language. This means that a toddler who is regularly exposed to her two languages ​​from an early age is more likely to become a native her speaker who is fluent in both languages. ‹#›

9. Exposure must include interactions. A child who grew up in an English-speaking home and was only exposed to Spanish on Spanish television will not be bilingual in Spanish and English, but a child who speaks both English and Spanish regularly will be bilingual in Spanish and English. You can learn a second language from early childhood onwards, but as you get older, it becomes harder to pick up a new language, not just a native speaker. Many linguists believe that children are regularly exposed We believe that there is a "critical period" (lasting from birth to adolescence) during which language is easily acquired. Many European countries encourage their children to learn a second language, usually English. ‹#›

10. Is it harder for a child to acquire two language at once? There is no evidence that it is more difficult for a child to learn two languages ​​than it is to learn one. As long as both languages ​​are spoken to the child regularly, the child will easily pick up both languages. A child does not need to have any special ability to be bilingual. As long as a child is exposed to two languages ​​in early childhood, he will master both. Some people worry that learning more than one language is bad for a child, but nothing is far from the truth.In fact, knowing more than one language has many benefits. ‹#› First, many linguists believe that knowing a second language can help a child’s cognitive development. May speak a language other than English at home and still have strong ties to their ethnic roots. Important for a sense of personal identity. Not being able to speak the family language can make a child an outsider in their own family. Speaking the family language gives the child a sense of identity and belonging. Third, in an increasingly global market, being fluent in a language knowing whether or not your family is new to the United States. Finally, for people of all ages and occupations, knowing a second language promotes awareness and understanding of other cultures.

11. ‹#› 3 . Multilingualism

12. Multilingualism is the ability of an individual speaker or community of speakers to communicate effectively in three or more languages. As opposed to monolingualism, the ability to use only one language. A person who can speak multiple languages ​​is called a polyglot or multilingual. ‹#› The original language that a person speaks, while growing up is known as their first or mother tongue. Someone who grows up with two first or first languages ​​is called simultaneous bilinguals. If they later learn a second language, they are called sequential bilinguals.

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14. Thanks! Any questions? ‹#›

15. references https://www.thoughtco.com/diglossia-language-varieties-1690392 https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/faq-what-bilingualism https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-multilingualism-1691331 ‹#›

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