DNA TYPING

use of dna typing in forensic.

1. DNA TYPING NUR HANISAH BINTI ZAINOREN

2. Objective History Definition Techniques Applications Advantages Disadvanta g es

3. Professor alec jeffrey first application of DNA typing in forensic science

4. Definition A procedure wherein DNA extracted from a biological sample obtained from an individual is analyzed DNA is processed to generate a pattern for each person that is generally termed as a 'DNA profile'

5. Techniques RFLP - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction STR - Short Tandem Repeats Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Rapid DNA ID Microchip-Based Genetic Detectors

6. RFLP DNA is cut into fragments by restriction enzymes Chops the DNA in two at every place where the GCGC pattern occurs

7. GCGCATTGTTGCGCAAGAGCGC GCGCATTGAATGCAAGTAGCGC 1 st person: 2 nd person:

8. GCGC ATTGTT GCGC AAGA GCGC GCGC ATTGAATGCAAGTA GCGC 1 st person: 2 nd person:

9. GCGC ATTGTT GCGC AAGA GCGC GCGC ATTGAATGCAAGTA GCGC 1 st person: 2 nd person:

10. GCGC ATTGTT GCGC AAGA GCGC GCGC ATTGAATGCAAGTA GCGC 1 st person: 2 nd person: 2 small fragments 1 large fragments

11. StR

12. Sources of biological evidences Blood Teeth Semen Saliva Hair Urine Bone Tissue

13. Procedure - collection & forwarding of samples To be done. A s told by my lecturer, this is actually the important part for a doctor to know 

14. Applications Paternity disputes Maternity resolution Establishment of biological relationship Identification of rapist Identification of bodies in exhumation cases

15. DNA TYPING IN PATERNITY TEST

16. Advantages Require small sample Can be applied on very old stains Most conclusive method

17. Disadvantages Cannot differentiate identical twins Very expensive Interpretation of results requires a great deal of expertise and experience

18. REFERENCES

19. Thank you