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Classification of poison

1. Classification of poison 2nd proff khan Fatima

2. According to sources

3. According to motive

4. Homicidal

5. Stupefying poison The poisons used for stupefying purposesare: alcohol, dhatura, cannabis indica, andcigarettes containing arsenic, dhatura orcannabis. In the West, and occasionally inIndia, chloral hydrate mixed with alcoholibeverage is similarly used. The latestaddition to this is Rohypnol (Roche).

6. Accidental poison Accidental poisoning commonly takesplace as a result of: (1) carelessness instoring poisonous and non-poisonousmaterials together, (2) quack remedies,(3) bites by poisonous animals, such assnakes and scorpions, (4) greater use ofchemicals in industry and for householdpurposes, and (5) putting poisonous sub-stances in food containers.

7. According to mode of action According to their mode of action, poisonsare classified in six groups, viz: (1) corro-sives, (2) irritants, (3) neurotics, (4) cardiac,(5) asphyxiants, and (6) miscellaneous.

8. Corrosive Corrosive poison is simply ahighly active irritant and not only producesnflammation but also actual ulceration ofthe tissues. This group consists of strongacids and strong alkalis. These includemineral acids, such as sulphuric acid, nitricacid, hydrochloric acid; organic acids, suchas oxalic acid, carbolic acid, acetic acid,salicylic acid; vegetable acid, as for example,hydrocyanic acid; and concentrated alkalis,such as caustic soda, caustic potash, andcarbonates of ammonium, sodium andpotassium.

9. Irritant Irritant poisons produce symptoms of pain in the abdomen, vomiting and purging. The post-mortem appearances are usually evident to the naked eye, and show redness or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract. This group consists of inorganic, organic, and mechanical substances. Corrosives in dilute solutions act as irritants.

10. Neurotic Neurotic poisons act chiefly one nervous system though some neurotics have a local irritant action. All alkaloid poisons fall into this group. The chief symptoms in general are usually headache, drowsiness, giddiness, delirium, stupor, coma, and sometimes convulsions or analysis, though individual poisons may have characteristic effects. Postmortemexamination usually does not show any marked changes on naked eye examination and the cause of poisoning has to be inferred from the history and symptoms or from the result of analysis of the viscera. This group consists of poisons which have specific action on the cerebrum, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, the poisons being known as cerebral, spinal, and peripheral, respectively.

11. Cerebral: The poisons acting on cerebrum may have a somniferous, inebriant or deliria effect. The somniferous poisons include opioids; the inebriant ones include alcohols, anaesthetics, sedatives and hype-notices, fuels, and agrochemical compounds; while the delirium ones include dharma, belladonna, hyoscyamus , and cannabis indica . Spinal: The poisons acting on the spinal cord include nux vomica and its alkaloids, nd gelsemium . Peripheral: The poisons acting on the peripheral nerves include curare, and conium. Belladonna

12. Cardiac These are poisons acting on theheart and include digitalis, oleander, aconite and nicotine.

13. Asphyxiant These are poisons acting on the lungs and include irrespirable gases,such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sewer gas, and some war gases.

14. Miscellaneous As the name suggests,poisons having widely different pharmaco -logical actions are puttogether in this group.
It includes analgesics and antipyretics; anti-histaminic; tranquillisers; antidepressants;stimulants ; hallucinogens; street drugs; anddesigner drugs.