DOLICHOS BEANS (SEM KI PHALI ) PRODUCTION POST HARVEST MANAGRMRNT AND VALUE ADDITION

Sem ( Lablab purpureus (Linn.) / Syn-Dolichos lablab Linn / Indian bean is a multipurpose annual or short lived wild perennial plant used as vegetable, pulse and forage. Leaves, flowers and roots , all are edible. It belongs to Fabaceae family and LabLab genus. Ayurveda calls it medicinal plant. Mostly it is home grown/ backyard / wildly grown plant. Now its demand is at increase, so commercial cultivation is growing day by day.

1. DOLICHOS BEANS (SEM KI PHALI ) PRODUCTION POST HARVEST
MANAGRMRNT AND VALUE ADDITION

Dr Jai Singh (ARS)
M Tech Ph D
Former Director ICAR – CIPHET
Nob:8958463808 E- Mail:[email protected]

INTRODUCTION
Sem ( Lablab purpureus (Linn.) / Syn-Dolichos lablab Linn / Indian bean is
a multipurpose annual or short lived wild perennial plant used as
vegetable, pulse and forage. Leaves, flowers and roots , all are edible. It
belongs to Fabaceae family and LabLab genus. Ayurveda calls it medicinal
plant. Mostly it is home grown/ backyard / wildly grown plant. Now its
demand is at increase, so commercial cultivation is growing day by day.
Major Production States: Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana,
West Bengal, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana,
and Maharashtra.
Common and Local Names: Dolichos bean, Hyacinth bean, Bonavist
bean, Seim bean, Lablab bean, Egyptian kidney bean, Indian bean, Field
bean, Pendal bean, Pole bean (Common names); Nispav, Vallak,
Shvetshimbika ( Sanskrit); Sem, Ballar ,Nispav,Bhatvasu (Hindi); Pavta,
Wal (Marathi), Avare, Chapparadavare, Chikkadikai (Kannada); Avari,
Mochai, (Tamil), Chikkudu , Anumulu (Telugu); Avara, Mochakotta, Amara
(Malayalam); Makhansim, Borboti, Shim (Bengali); Oliya, Val (Guajarati);
Uri), Urshi,Sin bean (Assamese); Kalalobia, Katjang (Punjabi);

2. Varieties: Kashi Khushal (VRSEM - 3), Kashi Sheetal (VRSEM - 11), Kashi
Harittima; Pusa Early Prolific. Pusa Sem 2. Pusa Sem 3. Deepali.Rajni.
Dasara, KDB 403, KDB 405. Kankan Bushan., Phule Gauri; Rongal (UAS
Bangluru), Jawahar – 53, Jawahar – 79, HD -1, HD – 18, etc.
Climate Requirement: It is cool season crop and well adapted to tropical
and subtropical regions. High temperatures and humidity favors the plant
growth. Sowing with onset of monsoon (July), comes to flowering in
November and starts fruiting from onset of cold season after 3 months
of sowing and continue to give green pods through winter and spring
season.
Soil Requirement: Adaptable in wide range of soils. However, loam soils
are best. Also grows well in alkaline and saline soils pH value up to 8.5.
Land Preparation, Seed Rate and Sowing: Well drained fine tilth soil ;
10 to 12 kg / ha for climbing type and 20 to 25 kg / ha for bushy type;
ridges, flat bed, broad bed, furrows and pits at 1 x 1.5 m spacing.
Fertilizers Requirement: (FMY) 5 to 8 tonnes, 10 kg ‘N’ and 20 kg ‘P’ /
hectare at the time of sowing .
Harvesting : Harvesting is normally carried manually on need base.
Picking is preferred in the morning or late afternoon for better quality. Seed
crop is harvested when leaves start falling and pods look dry ( seed grain
moisture not more than14 %). Harvested crop is dried for 8-10 days at the
threshing floor with lesser exposure to direct sun.
Yield: Average yield of 10 - 12 tonnes / ha green pods, 1. 2 – 1.5 tonnes /
ha seeds, and 5 to 10 tonnes / ha foliage for fodder or green manure.
Health Benefits : Rich in dietary fiber, and minerals (copper, Iron,
Magnesium, Phosphorus, Calcium, etc) ; Vitamins A, C & K. Found
beneficial in boosting immunity, enhancing bone health, preventing birth
defects, correcting digestive system and curing fever, throat sore, diarrhea,
stomachalgia, stomach flatulance , ulcer, scabies (skin disease), ring worm,
inflammation, cancer, breathing disease, heart health, parkinson’s disease,
Self Life of Fresh Beans: The minimally processed and de -
skinned bean packed in LDPE and PP bags showed a maximum shelf-

3. life of 3 days under ambient storage condition and 12 days under
refrigerated storage condition. The pre-treated samples exhibited better
quality parameters than the untreated samples.
TYPES OF SEM KI PHALI AND SEEDS

Flat Lima green
Sem

LabLab

Sem phalli desi
Lima Beans

Flat Lima

Jabjab
Dolichos

Hyacinth

Papdi sem

LabLab
Dolichos

Lab Lab
Purpureus

Hyacinth Seeds

Major Seed
Types

Dolochos
Flowers

Hyacinth
Flowers

SEM KI PHALI PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Well Tilth Field

Broad Base Seed Bed

Flat Seed Bed

Ridge Furrow Seed
Bed

4. Pit planting 1 – 1.5 m
spacing

Manual Planting 1 –
1.5 m
x I m spcing

Planting 1 x 2 m

Manual Planter

ICAR – CIAE Planter

Arka Jay IIHR

UAS Bangluru

Sem crop on
structures


Pole Supported

Climbing Sem

Sem Climbing on
house wall

Sem Cultivation
UAS Banguluru

Grown crop

Beans picking

Beans lot for market

Hand Peeling
Food Uses : The leaves are eaten raw or cooked like spinach. The flowers
can be eaten raw or steamed. The root can be boiled or baked for food.
The seeds are used to make tofu and tempeh. Sabji, Bhaji, Pickle, Soup,
Cheela, Crispy poha nastha, Patties, Samosa, Dhokla, Kadhi, Popped
green bean namkeen, poha mixture, Sprouted bean chaat, Tofu ,
Fermented Tempe, Green Leaves saag, Sweet from boiled beans meshed

5. with ripe banana, Thoran , mochai , upma (avrekaalu uppittu, Salad,
pitakapappu hanupa/anapa, Sweets – imerti – laddoo , etc

Sabji

Bhaji

Pickle

Cheela


Baatia Patties

Crispy poha
nastha

Samosa

Soup

Dhokla

Roasted / fried
splits namkeen

Poha mixture

Sem ki kadhi

Papad

Dietary fiber

Tofu from seeds

Fermented Tempe
from seeds

Leaves saag

Dolichos
multigrain imrti

Dolichos
multigrain Laddoo

Dried green beans

6. DOLICHOS BEANS AND SEED PROCESSING

Picked green beans

Weighing

Sorting

Peeling

Ready to Cook

Marketing pack


Frozen


Depoding machine

Green gains

Seed crop ready to
harvest

Harvested crop
stack

Drying before
threshing

Threshing

Cleaning grading

Grain lot

ICAR – CIAE Tofu
Plant


ICAR – CIAE Dal Mill

Dolichos daal

Atta / flour

Suji / simolina

7. Golichos multigrain
pushtahar dalia

Dolichos multigrain
bread

Dolichos multigrain
biscuits

Dolichos
multigrain sattu

Animal Feed and Fodder : Excellent quality hay, similar to alfalfa hay
can be made after drying. It can also be ensiled alone at 30 – 35 % DM
or with rice / wheat / millet stovers. Dry crops after seed can be
pelleted as animal feed.

Dolichos crop hay
drying

Dolichos bag silage

Dolichos feed pellets

Dolichos silage

Commercial Products : Diatery fiber, Tofu, Tempeh, Dal, Atta, Suji, Dalia,
Bread, Biscuits, Multi grain sweets, etc.
Industrial Products: Fine powder of seeds can be used as natural
coagulant, disinfection for turbid water clarification and inactivation of
bacteria. Dried peel powder is used in biscuits.

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