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1. ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION

2. ADMINISTRATION Public administration pays special attention to how far public policy makers actually can govern and can achieve changes that are close to the planned results. Public administration involves a lot of large interconnected organizations and institutions

3. PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATION Administration is determined action taken in pursuit of a conscious purpose Systematic ordering of affairs Calculated use of resources Making certain things happen

4. DIVISIONS OF ADMINISTRATIVE WORK ORGANIZATION main bulk of the main institution People Facilities Finances

5. Types of administrative organization Undefined - you do not know whose boss you are to please; no leader; line of authority is not systematic Well defined - line of authority is clearly defined Over defined - their aspirations are so high that it is very much difficult to fulfill; toxic; no compromising; man in charge is difficult to please

6. Levels of organization: for institution to prosper, you need all: Policy maker The board Members - most important; manpower; play a vital role

7. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION Principles of unity of objective: organizational objective = collective effort Principle of efficiency: provide minimum unsought consequences of cost Span of control principle: the limitations of power Scalar principle : arrangement of functional groups = effective decision making and communication; scale - systematic scale of leadership/authority Principle of delegation : authority given to the manager to accomplish results Principle of unity of command: single superior = less conflicts Principle of absoluteness of responsibility: no superior can escape responsibility Principle of parity of authority and responsibility: authority = responsibility

8. MANAGEMENT - “executive control” a MANAGER may hold multiple central roles contributory to leadership Functions Planning Staffing Directing Coordinating Reporting Budgeting Evaluating

9. Evaluating Types: § Summative - end of the term § Process - after each process, you evaluate § Progress - time factor; ex. evaluate after a month, after 6 months § Impact- how did you change their lives

10. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM Major components: o Managerial subsystem: coordinating, controlling, and directing o Production subsystem: provision of services §   Public health services §   Hospitals §   Professional practice §   Self help/care groups: NGO and Mixed organization o Maintenance subsystem: training and rewarding people for their roles; universities, training hospitals § Professional associations (PDA) § Health finance organizations - HMOs § Professional education - training hospitals o Adaptive subsystem: concerned in monitoring changes; BFAD, development in the services § Health service § Biomedical DOH o Department of health: plays an integral role in planning, policy making mobilization of programs and services, licensing, research, disaster management and etc. o headed by a secretary which is a sub-altern (coterminus) position

11. BUSINESS SIDE OF PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES GOAL: make health services accessible to everyone as possible But just like any form of service, medical/dental services thrive on finances. MANNER OR TYPE PAYMENT Post payment Capitation Discounted fees Fee schedule Fee for service UCR (Usual Customary Reasonable) Fee Usual Customary - Based on custom; ex. 1000 for GD, 2000 for specialist Reasonable - Difficulty of the case

12. HEALTH INSURANCE TYPES: PhilHealth: administers the NHP (National Health Insurance Plan) Private Health Insurance Micro Health Insurance International Health Insurance / Expatriate Health Insurance Managed Care Organizations - most common in the country

13. MANAGED CARE ORGANIZATIONS Premium + Defined Network of Providers = HEALTH PLAN (SERVICES) • Terminologies: o Primary Care Physicians (PCP): ‘gate keeper’ o Fee schedule o Out-of-network o Out-of-pocket expense Types of out-of-pocket expenses Deductibles: amount paid prior Co-insurance: percentage of costs of a covered healthcare service Co-payments: fixed amount

14. Types of Managed Care Organizations Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Patient Provider Organization (PPO) Exclusive Provider organization (EPO) point of service (POS)

15. ORGANIZATION r efers to the structure of an agency and the way people are arranged into working groups TECHNIQUES FOR ORGANIZATIONAL CONTROL ORGANIZATIONAL CONTROL Processes by which agents are able to establish and maintain control over an organization Comprises the strategic planning process as well as methods and devices that make other agents’ behaviors consistent with objectives. It helps identify errors and deviations from standards Ensure that a specific function is performed according to established standards ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Evaluating and directing the chain of authority in an organization PROCEDURE MANUAL Detailed analysis of the working of the organization and how certain functions are to be execute STANDING ORDER Methods of record keeping RECORDS For the benefit of the patient and in epidemiological study evaluation of effort for organizational contro l BUDGETING (monetary plan) Plan of work with dollar or peso sign SOURCES OF MONEY Hard money (funds from the organization) Soft money (donations, sponsors)