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CDDS

1. THE DRAMA

2. What is Drama? As a composition in prose or in verse , adapted to be acted and is represented with accompanying gesture, costume and scenery , as in real life. ( Oxford Dictionary ) Something that is acted out , or lived through. ( Ancient Greek ). Is a social encounter in a special place and in special time.

3. DEVELOPMENT OF DRAMA 1. ANCIENT DRAMA . Drama existed in religious ceremonies for the worship of Osiris..among the Egyptians of about 2000 B.C.

4. 2. MEDIEVAL DRAMA. Three kinds of Medieval Play MYSTERY PLAY – was based on the Holy Scriptures .

5. 2. MORALITY PLAY - where the chief characters represented abstract qualities , such as vice , mankind , or death and tone was generally philosophical.

6. 3. SECULAR DRAMA Dealing with everyday characters such as lawyers , the merchant , the student , the young wife , and the old foolish husband.

7. 3.Renaissance Drama It was an unwritten impromptu drama, produced on platforms on the streets by strolling players. Masks and costumes, conventionalized with time.

8. 4. Drama of the 17 th ,18 th and 19 th centuries In the 17 th century the theaters closed during the , Civil War and the Commonwealth period , reopened under Charles I to produce sophisticated , witty and coarse comedies of William Wycherly , George Farguhar ,. English comedy became maudlin and sentimental , and tragedy became stiff and dull. 18 th century –century drama in France was the farcical comedy 19 th century – romantic drama flourished throughout Europe

9. The Country Wife- 1676 by William Wycherly

10. 5. Modern Drama Ibsen a Norwegian dramatist , for the development of modern drama. Symbolism was carried to great extremes; expressionism made a small showing in the theater; poetic drama reached new heights in England , Ireland , France , Spain and the United States.

11. The Father of Modern Drama Henrik Ibsen

12. A Doll’s House - 1879

13. ORIENTAL DRAMA The Japanese , the Chinese , and the Filipino drama , will help us appreciate Asian heritage, culture , and civilization more. The drama in Asia originated as an elaborated of liturgical practices. Eastern Drama - is based on the concept of sangita , the threefold art of music , dance , and poetry , fused into single artistic entity.

14. Oriental Drama

15. PHILIPPINE DRAMA Early Forms of Philippine Drama The Duplo was a poetical debate held by trained men and women in the ninth night, the last night of mourning period of the dead. Bellacos – the male participants, the heads of the game. The Karagatan was also a poetical debate like the duplo , but its participants were amateurs. The theme was all about a ring that fell into the sea.

16. 1598 -the first recorded drama was staged in Cebu . It was a comedia written by Vicente Puche and was performed in honor of Msgr. Pedro de Agurto , Cebu’s first bishop. 1609 – another stage play portraying the life of Santa Barbara was staged in Bicol.

17. Three kinds of Plays popular during the Spanish era 1. Senakulo . It is a very heavy drama showed relation to the life sacrifices and death of Jesus Christ. Two kinds of presentation Ablada ( oral ) Kantada ( song )

18. 2. MORO-MORO It is a cloak-and-dagger play depicting the wars between the Christians and the Muslims, with Christians always on the winning side. 1637 – the first moro-moro was written by Fr. Jeronimo Perez and was staged in Manila.

19. 3. ZARZUELA It is a melodrama with songs and dances that have a three-in –one act play. It intended to make the mass feeling towards love , fear , grief , sorrow or any emotional reactions sublime. It is musical comedy December 8 , 1880 – Rizal wrote a zarzuela entitled “ Junto Al Pasig “ ( Beside the Pasig ) It was staged at the Ateneo de Manila.

20. Zarzuelas Pag-ibig sa Lupang Tinubuan ( Love for Native Land ) by Pascual Poblete . Tanikalang Ginto ( Gold Chain ) by Juan Abad Malaya ( Free ) by Tomas Remigio Kahapon , Ngayon at Bukas ( Yesterday , Today , and Tomorrow ) by Aurelio Tolentino Wlang Sugat ( Not Wounded ) by Severino Reyes.

21. 4. MORIONES The Morion festival is a Lenten ritual that is colorful as it its unique. It is celebrated every Holy Week in Marinduque in towns of Boac , Gasan , and Mogpog . Morion – means mask or visor, It is the mask carved from dapdap wood that is focal point of the Moriones celebration.

22. MORIONES

23. 5. ATI-ATIHAN Is a pagan ritual which has become an annual affair that the natives lo0k forward to with great expectation. It is the most extravagant fiesta in the Philippines celebrated in Kalibo , Aklan , every third Sunday of January in honor to the Infant Jesus.

24. ATI-ATIHAN

25. JAPANESE DRAMA The Traditional Forms of Japanese Drama 1. Noh Plays – these are the oldest of the three traditional forms of Japanese drama . During 1300 from the dances performed at religious shrine. Noh plays are poetic treatment of history , love story , war story , and legends influenced by religious beliefs of Buddhism and Shintoism . It is performed by masked actors, and is usually accompanied by music , dance and choral speaking.

26. Noh Plays

27. “ Ang Paglalakbay ni Sisa : Noh sa Laguna “ - The first Filipino Noh, was the brainchild of Amelia Lapeña - Bonofacio . Presented at the Bulwagang Gantimpla , CCP last August 1981.

28. 2. JORURI PLAY It is puppet drama. It enjoyed great popularity between 1650-1730. This drama involves puppet manipulation to a high level involving complicated skills.

29. Joruri play

30. 3. KABUKI DRAMA It originated at the end of the 16 th century Settings and costumes are lavish , acting is extremely broad and exaggerated , and heavy make-up is used instead of masks. Kabuki is most famous for its spectacular visual effects.

31. KABUKI DRAMA

32. CHINESE DRAMA THREE TYPES OF CHINESE PLAYS VUN PAN SHI - the oldest form of Chinese play; it has patriotism and filial devotion for its subjects. Music and action unite to play upon the emotions of the audience. SIN PAN SHI – it presents civil and military conditions. Libretto – as a musical work not intended for the stage. 3. VUN MIN SHI – also known as the “Modern Play” Colloquial dialects are allowed instead of Mandarin. The dialect of Peking , which is the accepted speech of the stage as well as the nation.

33. ELEMENTS OF DRAMA 1. PLOT 2. CHARACTER 3. THOUGHT 4. LANGUAGE 5. THEME 6. CLIMAX 7. MUSIC AND SPECTACLE 8. COSTUMES AND MAKE-UP 9. SCENERY AND LIGHTNING