Drought, types, causes, effects, mitigation.pptx

This presentation is about drought, its types, causes, effects, and mitigation strategies.

1. Drought Muneeb Ahmed Khan FA20-CVE-060 Farhad Khan FA20-CVE-047 M. Tahir Aslam FA20-CVE-071 Hazrat Maghaz FA20-CVE-048

2. Introduction Drought is a prolonged dry period in the natural climate cycle that can occur anywhere in the world. Slow-onset disaster characterized by the lack of precipitation S erious impact on health, agriculture, economies, energy, and the environment.

3. Cont. An estimated 55 million people globally are affected by droughts every year Water scarcity impacts 40% of the world’s population 700 million people are at risk of being displaced as a result of drought by 2030 It is rapidly becoming one of the worst disasters in Pakistan Sindh faced the worst drought situation in 1871, 1881, 1899, 1931, 1942, 1999, 2003, 2020,2021, and 2022.

4. Types of Drought Meteorological Drought Amount of dryness and the duration of the dry period Atmospheric conditions that result in deficiencies of precipitation change from area to area. Agricultural Drought Mainly affects food production and farming Soil water deficits, reduced groundwater or reservoir levels, and so on Fig. 1 Meteorological Drought Fig. 2 Agricultural Drought

5. Types of Drought Fig. 3 Hydrological Drought Fig. 4 Socioeconomic Drought

6. Causes of Drought Deforestation High water demand Global Warming Land and water temperatures cause drought Less precipitation

7. Effects of Drought

8. Fig. 5 Meteorological Drought Effects of drought on various aspects of crop production

9. Drought Mitigation Strategies Desalination  of seawater for irrigation or consumption. Drought monitoring  - Continuous observation of rainfall levels and comparisons with current usage levels can help prevent man-made drought Land use  - Carefully planned crop rotation can help minimize erosion and allow farmers to plant less water-dependent crops in drier years. Recycled water  - Former wastewater (sewage) that has been treated and purified for reuse. Transvasement  - Building canals or redirecting rivers as massive attempts at irrigation in drought-prone areas. Water restrictions  - Water use may be regulated (particularly outdoors). 

10. Drought Mitigation Strategies

11. Thanks