Drug presentation on charcoal

description of the charcoal drug

1. Drug presentation on charcoal D.p. Msc 2 nd year

2. antidote Antidote is defined as a therapeutic substance used to counteract the toxic action Antidotes reduce the overall burden of health service in managing of poisoning cases

3. Classification of antidote

4. According to mode of action

5. Physical antidote Agent use to interfere with poison through physical properties, not change their nature Chemical Antidote Interact specifically with a toxicant or neutralize the toxicant Physiological antidote They act by producing opposite effect to that of poison Sodium nitrite converts haemoglobin into methemoglobin in order to bind cyanide

6. According to site of action Interacts with the poison to form a non toxic complex that can be excreted Chelators. Accelerates the detoxification of the poison Decrease the conversion of poison into toxic metabolite Block the receptor through which the toxic effect of the poison is mediated Antidotes to the poison

7. Classification:

8. Indication:

9. Route/ dosage

10. Contraindications: No known contraindications Use cautiously in: poisoning due to cyanide, corrosiveness, ethanol, methanol, petroleum distillates, organic solvents, mineral acids or iron; endoscopic examination

11. Adverse reactions/side effects GI: black stools, constipation, diarrhea, vomiting Incorrect application (e.g. into the lungs) results in  pulmonary aspiration  which can sometimes be fatal

12. NURSING IMPLICATIONS ● Assess neurologic status; administer only if patient is alert (unless airway is protected). ● Inquire as to the type of drug or poison and time of ingestion. ● Consult reference, poison control center, or physician for symptoms of toxicity of ingested agent(s). ● Monitor BP, pulse, respiratory and neurologic status, and urine output as indicated by toxicity of agent(s). Notify physician if symptoms persist or worsen.

13. Nursing Implications Assessment & Drug Effects Record appearance, color , consistency, frequency, and relative amount of stools. Inform patient that activated charcoal will color feces black

14. Shake oral suspension well before administration. Rapid ingestion may cause vomiting. If vomiting occurs shortly after administering dose, confer with physician about repeating dose. Do not administer other oral drugs for 2 hr before or after administering activated charcoal. Slurry is constipating; physician may order a laxative to speed removal of the drug. May not be required with products containing sorbitol Contd …

15. Patient & Family Education Do not breast feed while taking this drug without consulting physician. Inform patient or caregiver that stools will turn black.

16. Caution: Consider the following cautions when using activated charcoal: vomiting may occur caution in patients with decreased  peristalsis Note: activated charcoal is not effective with alcohols, iron ,  lithium , heavy metals, and mineral acids Poisoning: When counseling, discuss methods of prevention, need to confer with poison control center, physician, or emergency department before administering, and need to bring ingested substance to emergency department for identification.