duct thermal Insulation hvac standard.pdf

duct insulation

1. HVAC Ins.Eg.
HVAC Insulation
ThermalInsulation
•Technical Requirements •Definitions
•Condensation
•Q/A

2. HVAC Ins.01
HVAC Insulation
Thermal Thermal
Insulation

3. HVAC Ins.02
HVAC Insulation
Thermal Insulation
, in principal,
is the resistance to reduce the heat transfer in a
considerable amount. considerable amount.
•cold lines prevents heat loss
•heating lines prevents heat gains

4. HVAC Ins.
→
InBuildings;
in Wintertime
→→
HeatLosses
in Summertime
→→
HeatGains
TheResistance
03
InHVAC;
in HeatingLines
→
HeatLosses
in Coolinglines→
HeatGains
is “ThermalInsulation”

5. HVAC Ins.
Cold
Lines
HVAC Lines
Warm Lines
Heating Lines
Cold–WarmandHeatingLines
04
Cold
Lines
+6   °C
Warm Lines
Heating Lines
+100  °C

6. HVAC Ins.
Where?
•Building
• HVAC
•
Technical insulation
05
→
Circular Surfaces
(Pipes)
→
Rectangular Surfaces
(Air ducts)
→
Valves and Accessories
•
Technical insulation

7. HVAC Ins.
ThermalInsulationMaterial
06
H
What is a Thermal Insulation Material?
According to ISO and EN Standards;
V
If λ>0,065 W/mKBuilding Material
V
If λ<0,065 W/mKThermal Insulation Material

8. HVAC Ins.
V
Glasswool (EN 13162)
V
Stonewool (EN 13162)
V
Extruded
Polistren
(XPS) (EN 13164)
ThermalInsulationMaterials
07
V
Extruded
Polistren
(XPS) (EN 13164)
V
ExpandedPolistren(EPS) (EN 13163)
V
Polyurathane(PUR) (EN 13165)
V
PhenolicFoam (EN 13166)
V
CellularGlass (EN 13167)

9. HVAC Ins.
1)
ThermalConductivityCoefficient( λ)
2)
WaterVaporDiffusionResistanceCoefficient( A)
3)
Fire Classification(DIN 4102, BS 476, EN 13501)
4)
CorrosionRisk
5) TemperatureRange(°C) 6)
Cell
Structure
TechnicalRequirements
08
6)
Cell
Structure
7)
AcousticPerformance
8)
Density(kg/m
3
)
9)
WeatheringResistance
10)
DimensionalStability
11)
EasyApplication
12)
Economics
NOT
: 
Temperaturerange
is not a selectioncriteria, it definestheusage area.

10. HVAC Ins.
Itis thequantatiyof theenergywhichpassesthrougha m3
of insulatingmaterialwherethereis 1C differencein
tempuraturebetweenoppositesurfaces.
09
1. ThermalConductivity(λλλλ)
3
1m
1m
1m
WARM T
1
COLD T
2
λ(W/mK)
Heat Transferred
3

11. HVAC Ins.10
λ
TM
= λ at mean temperature
t
+ t
Thermal Conductivity (λλλλ)
t
m =
t
medium
+ t
ambient
2

12. HVAC Ins.11
Thermal Conductivity Coefficiency ( Mean
Temperature
C
ThermalConductivty(W/mK)
10 12 16 18 20 24 30 32 36 48 60 64 72
00.038 0.036 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031 0.030 0.030 0.029 0.029 0.030 0.030 0.030
λ)
100.040 0.038 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.030 0.030 0.031 0.031 0.031
250.044 0.041 0.039 0.038 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031 0.032 0.032 0.032
500.055 0.048 0.044 0.043 0.041 0.039 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.036 0.036 0.036
750.064 0.059 0.051 0.048 0.046 0.043 0.041 0.040 0.039 0.037 0.038 0.038 0.038
1000.074 0.065 0.057 0.053 0.051 0.047 0.045 0.044 0.043 0.041 0.042 0.043 0.043

13. HVAC Ins.
It is the ratio of the resistance
to the water vapour diffusion
of an insulation material to the
resistance of air
12
2.WaterVapourDiffusion
Resistance
Coefficient (AAAA)
resistance of air

14. HVAC Ins.13
9 = 1( no resistance to diffusion )
9 = ∞∞∞∞( no diffusion )
WaterVapourDiffusionResistance
Coefficient (AAAA)
9 = 10.000 :100.000
For e.g ; Aluminium ( E = ∞)
Diffusion tight materials

15. HVAC Ins.14
3. Fire Classification
•DIN 4102
•
BS 476
•
BS 476
•EN 13501

16. Thermal
A
Incombustiblematerials A1
Thatdoesnot containcombustiblematerials
A2
That
contains
combustible
materials
DIN 4102 Standard
15
A2
That
contains
combustible
materials
B
Combustiblematerials B1
Hardlycombustiblematerials
B2
Normal combustiblematerials
B3
Easilycombustiblematerials

17. HVAC Ins.
DIN 4102
ClassA
(Incombustible)
ClassB
(Combustible)
16
DIN 4102 Standard
A1
A2
B1
B2
B3
→
PUR
→
EPS
→
Wood
→
Paper
→
Wood
→
Sand
→
Concrete
→
Brick
→
Glasswool
→
Stonewool
→
Glasswool
→
Stonewool
→
XPS
→
PE

18. HVAC Ins.
EN 13501 Standard :GlassWool
17
A1

19. Thermal18
EN 13501 Standard :FEF
BGs3Gd0

20. Thermal
SteelPipes;
AccordingtoDIN 1988 Part7 Section5:3 Limit Values
4. CorrosionRisk
19
Chlor
(
%0,05
)
CopperPipes;
Nitrateve Ammonia
(
%0,2
)

21. HVAC Ins.
ThermalInsulationMaterial
Max.OperatingTemperature(°C)
Ceramicwool 1800
Stonewool 750
CellularGlass 430
5.TemperatureRange
20
Glasswool 250
FEF* 170
MelamineFoam 150
PhenolicFoam 120
Polyurathane 110
Polyethylene 105

22. HVAC Ins.21
A=1
open cell
AAAA
=3.000
6. Cell Structure
AAAA
=3.000
closed cell AAAA=7.000 closed cell

23. HVAC Ins.
8:Density
is the only specification that can be measured in the 
site.
9:Mechanical Resistance
TheOtherRequirements
22
is the compressive strength at % 10 deflection.
10:Dimensional Stability
11:Easy Application
12:Economics

24. HVAC Ins.
Which Thermal Insulation Materials are used
Question:1
23
in
HVAC Applications ?

25. HVAC Ins.
V
Glasswool (GW)
V
Stonewool (SW)
V
Flexible Elastomeric Rubber Foam (NBR)
ThermalInsulationMaterialsin
HVAC Applications
24
V
Flexible Elastomeric Rubber Foam (NBR)
V
Extruded Polyethylene Foam (XPE)
V
Polyurathane Foam (PUF)
V
Phenolic Foam (PF)
V
Cellular Glass (CG)

26. HVAC Ins.25
Question:2
Which
thickness
should
be
used
?
Which
thickness
should
be
used
?

27. HVAC Ins.26.1
OdeCalc Program
For Pipes
For Flat Surfaces
→
Heat loss
→
Heat loss
Which thickness should be used ?
→
Temperature drop
→
Surface temperature
→
Freezing time
→Minumum insulation
thickness preventing
condensation
→
Heat loss
→
Surface temperature
→Minumum insulation
thickness preventing
condensation

28. HVAC Ins.26.2
:Minumum insulation thickness preventing
condensation for Pipes:
PARAMETERS
Ambient temperature ( T
a
°C) 30
Medium temperature( T
m
°C) 6
To Prevent Condensation
m
Tube diameter (mm)114
Insulation materialRGFlexGST
Relative Humidity (%)70
RESULTS
Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) 0.0375
Dew point temperature ( T
d
°C) 23.9
Minimum insulation thickness (mm) 11.4 KGFlex dimension13 x 114

29. HVAC Ins.
AmbientTemperature( T
a
) : 35°C
MediumTemperature( T
m
) : 6°C
PipeDiameter(inch) : 2”
E.g.
26.3
For Energy Saving
RelativeHumidity(%) : 60
RESULT
Min.insulationthicknesstopreventcondensation:
7.8
!
Insulation Thickness9 mm. 13 mm 25 mm 32 mm
Energy saving due to
thickness
62% 69% 78% 80%

30. HVAC Ins.27
Question:3
How
is
possible
to
prevent
condensation
?
How
is
possible
to
prevent
condensation
?

31. HVAC Ins.
28
Definition of the Condensation
T
m
=6°C
T
s
=24.1°C
φ = % 65
T
d
=22.8°C
T
a
=30°C
R:Flex ST
Surface temperature >Dew point temperature
No
Condensation!
Thickness =9mm
T
s
=24.1°C > T
d
=22.8°C
Tube
diameter =
25.4 mm
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm

32. HVAC Ins.29
Factors Affecting the Dew Point
• Ambient Temperature ( T
a= °C )
• Relative Humidity ( φ = % )
• Medium Temperature (T
m= °C )

33. HVAC Ins.30
What is Relative Humidity?

34. HVAC Ins.31
Parameters of Condensation
• Ambient Temperature ( T
a
= °C )
• Relative Humidity ( φ = % )
•
medium temperature (
T
m
=
°
C )
•
medium temperature (
T
m
=
°
C )
• Air flow
• The heat transfer coefficient ( α )
• Thermal Conductivity ( λ )
•Water vapour diffusion resistance coefficient ( µ )

35. HVAC Ins.32
Parameters of Condensation.1
Factors Affecting the Dew Point
•
Ambient temperature ( T
=
°
C )
•
Ambient temperature ( T
a
=
°
C )
• Relative Humidity ( φ = % )

36. HVAC Ins.33
αααα= Heat Transfer Coefficient of
the Surface
Parameters of Condensation.2
It is being changed according to
the material structure

37. HVAC Ins.
1) Ifno thermalinsulationis applied,
2) Ifan ınsufficientthermalınsulationthicknessis applied,
CondensationontheSurface
!
34
How does condensation happens
3) Sufficientthermalinsulationthickness
3.1 Thermalinsulationmaterialwitha
lowµ value
Condensationwithin theInsulationMaterial
!
3.2 Thermalinsulationmaterialwitha
highµ value
No
Condensation!

38. HVAC Ins.35
1:If no thermal insulation is applied
T
s
=6.1°C
T
m
=6°C
φ = % 65
T
d
=22.8°C
T
a
=30°C
Tube
T
s
=6.1°C < T
d
=22.8°C
Condensation on the SURFACE !
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm
Tube diameter =
25.4 mm

39. HVAC Ins.36
18
Isı Yalıtımı Yapılmazsa
2:If an ınsufficient thermal
ınsulation thickness is applied
T
s
=21.3°C
T
m
=6°C
φ = % 65
T
d
=22.8°C
T
a
=30°C
R
:
Flex ST
Thickness =6 mm
T
s
=21.3°C < T
d
=22.8°C Condensation on the SURFACE !
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm
R
:
Flex ST
Tube
diameter =
25.4 mm

40. HVAC Ins.37
2.1 If an ınsufficient thermal
ınsulation thickness is applied

41. HVAC Ins.
Isı Yalıtımı Yapılmazsa
38
T
s
=23.6°C
3.1:Sufficient thermal insulation
thickness
T
m
=6°C
φ = % 65
T
d
=22.8°C
T
a
=30°C
Tube
Thickness =6 mm
T
s
=23.6°C > T
d
=22.8°C
Thermal insulation material with a
low µ value
Condensation within the Insulation Material
!
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm
Tube diameter =
25.4 mm

42. HVAC Ins.
Isı Yalıtımı Yapılmazsa
39
T
s
=23.6°C
3.2:Sufficient thermal insulation
thickness
T
m
=6°C
φ = % 65
T
d
=22.8°C
T
a
=30°C
R
:
Flex ST
kalınlık=9 mm
T
s
=23.6°C > T
d
=22.8°C
Thermal insulation material with a
high µ value
No
Condensation !
(a diffusion tight application is a must !)
Minimum insulation thickness = 7.6 mm
R
:
Flex ST
Tube
diameter =
25.4 mm

43. HVAC Ins.40.1
Precautions against Condensation
To prevent condensation ; We should
1) choose the right thermal insulation material, 1) choose the right thermal insulation material, 2)
calculate the right insulation thickness,
3)
have a sufficient E value,
4)
apply a diffusion tight application.

44. HVAC Ins.
Precautions against Condensation
To prevent condensation ; We should
1)
choose the right thermal insulation material,
40.2
1)
choose the right thermal insulation material,
2) calculate the right insulation thickness,
3)
have a sufficient E value,
4)
apply a diffusion tight application.

45. HVAC Ins.
Precautions against Condensation
To prevent condensation ; We should
1)
choose the right thermal insulation material,
40.3
1)
choose the right thermal insulation material,
2)
calculate the right insulation thickness,
3)have a sufficient E value,
4)
apply a diffusion tight application.

46. HVAC Ins.
Precautions against Condensation
To prevent condensation ; We should
1)
choose the right thermal insulation material,
40.4
1)
choose the right thermal insulation material,
2)
calculate the right insulation thickness,
3)
have a sufficient E value,
4)apply a diffusion tight application.

47. HVAC Ins.
•GlassWool
•
FEF
WarmLines
HeatingLines
ColdLines
•GlassWool •
Polyethylene
•GlassWool •
Stonewool
Recommendationin
HVAC Applications 41
•
FEF
•
Polyethylene
•FEF
•
Stonewool
•FEF •CellularGlass •CeramicWool
Cold Lines
(Below 6C)
Heating Lines
(Above 100C)

48. HVAC Ins.
GLASSWOOL
42

49. HVAC Ins.
Produced with the transformation of silica sand int o fiber
by melting in high temperature
43
GLASSWOOL
•
Thermalinsulation, acousticinsulation, fire safetyp urposes

50. HVAC Ins.
GLASSWOOL
ProductionPlant 44

51. HVAC Ins.
HBoard,
HBlanket,
TheRangeof Product
45
HPrefabricated Pipe

52. HVAC Ins.
TheLaminationTypesof
Glasswool 46
*YGT1:YGT2 *BGT1:BGT2
yellow glasswool faced black glasswool face d

53. HVAC Ins.
TheLaminationTypesof
Glasswool 47
* FS *AGC
aluminium foil faced alu glass fa ced

54. HVAC Ins.
HEN 13162
QualityCertificates
48

55. HVAC Ins.
HEuropean Certificate
QualityCertificates
49

56. HVAC Ins.
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient:0,040 W/ mK
Water vapour Diffusion Resistance Coefficient(µ):
1,1
λλλλ(W/mK)
HOT T
1
COLD T
2
1m
TechnicalRequirements
50
Fire Classification:TS EN 13501G1→A1
Temperature range:G50°C ― +250°C
Density:12G100 kg/m3

57. HVAC Ins.
HVAC InsulationwithGlasswool
51

58. HVAC Ins.
•one side is covered with alu foil
•Density : 24 kg/m
3
52
HVAC Blanket
•Usage area :
•Insulation of ventilation ducts from outside
•Insulation of air conditioning ducts from outside

59. HVAC Ins.
•one side is covered with alu foil
•Density : 50 kg/m
3
HVAC Board
53
•Usage area :
•air ducts insulation
•boiler rooms and generator rooms

60. HVAC Ins.
Used as thermal insulator and
reflector behind sources of
heat such as radiators,
54
RadiatorPanel
heat such as radiators, stoves and ovens

61. HVAC Ins.
•none or alu foil covered
•Density : 60G100 kg/m
3
PrefabricatedPipe
55
•Usage area :
•Radiator and central heating systems
•Solar energy systems

62. Thermal
FEF:ElastomericRubberFoam
56

63. Thermal
FEF:ProductRange
57

64. HVAC Ins.
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient:0,036 W/ mK (0°C)
Water vapour Diffusion Resistance Coefficient: µ ≥ 7000
λλλλ(W/mK)
HOT T
1
COLD T
2
1m
TechnicalRequirements
58
Fire Classification: EN 13501 ( BGs3Gd0)
Temperature range:G200°C ― +116°C
Water Absorption: %0,4

65. HVAC Ins.59
4.3 Diffusion Tight Applications

66. HVAC Ins.60
4.4 Diffusion Tight Applications

67. HVAC Ins.
Valves and Accessories
61
Insulation

68. HVAC Ins.
68
No command
62

69. HVAC Ins.
69
No command
63

70. HVAC Ins.
Solution  : Valve Jackets
64

71. HVAC Ins.
Applications
65
71

72. HVAC Ins.
Applications
66
72

73. HVAC Ins.
Applications
67

74. HVAC Ins.
Applications
68

75. HVAC Ins.
Thanks For 
Your Attention! Your Attention!
Q & A