Dyslexia in detail

about the famous disorder dyslexia

1. DyslexiaDyslexia
BY
G.HEMAMALINI

2. What is it?What is it?
•Dyslexia is a learning disability that hinders Dyslexia is a learning disability that hinders
a person’s a person’s ability to read, write, spell, and ability to read, write, spell, and
sometimes speaksometimes speak
•Dyslexia is an impairment in the brain’s Dyslexia is an impairment in the brain’s
ability to translate images received from the ability to translate images received from the
eyes and ears into understandable languageeyes and ears into understandable language

3. Signs a Student May be DyslexicSigns a Student May be Dyslexic
•StutteringStuttering
•Has trouble tying shoesHas trouble tying shoes
•Is late to establish a Is late to establish a
dominant handdominant hand
•Cannot pinpoint words Cannot pinpoint words
that rhymethat rhyme
•Is easily confused by Is easily confused by
directionsdirections
–Cannot tell right from left, over from Cannot tell right from left, over from
under, etc.under, etc.
•Mixes up wordsMixes up words
–““Aminal” instead of animalAminal” instead of animal
•Has trouble writing the Has trouble writing the
alphabet in orderalphabet in order

4. TYPES OF DYSLEXIATYPES OF DYSLEXIA
Visual Dyslexia Visual Dyslexia
•Numbers and letters are reversedNumbers and letters are reversed
•Symbols are not written in the correct Symbols are not written in the correct
sequencesequence
•Most common learning disability in childrenMost common learning disability in children

5. Auditory DyslexiaAuditory Dyslexia
•Student has difficulty processing soundsStudent has difficulty processing sounds
•Student has trouble sounding out letters or Student has trouble sounding out letters or
groups of lettersgroups of letters

6. DysgraphiaDysgraphia
•Student has difficulty Student has difficulty
holding/controlling a holding/controlling a
pencil pencil
•Student struggles Student struggles
with fine motor skillswith fine motor skills

7. sourses of dyslexia sourses of dyslexia
Trauma Dyslexia Trauma Dyslexia
•Occurs as a result of brain trauma or Occurs as a result of brain trauma or
injury to the braininjury to the brain
•Permanent dyslexiaPermanent dyslexia
•Least common form of dyslexiaLeast common form of dyslexia

8. Primary DyslexiaPrimary Dyslexia
•Malfunction in the cerebral cortex Malfunction in the cerebral cortex
–left side of the brainleft side of the brain
•Even as adults, these individuals cannot read above a 4Even as adults, these individuals cannot read above a 4
thth

grade levelgrade levelFOURTH GRADE | KIDS COMPUTER FOURTH GRADE | KIDS COMPUTER
GAMESGAMES
•ABCya! Fourth Grade children's computer games & ABCya! Fourth Grade children's computer games &
activities feature large and easy-to-use navigation activities feature large and easy-to-use navigation
buttons as well as voice instructions. Games and buttons as well as voice instructions. Games and
activities include: alphabetical order, upper-case and activities include: alphabetical order, upper-case and
lower-case letters, counting numbers, connect the dots, lower-case letters, counting numbers, connect the dots,
numerical order, shapes, addition, e-storybooks and numerical order, shapes, addition, e-storybooks and
holiday games.holiday games.
•Genetic/hereditary form of dyslexiaGenetic/hereditary form of dyslexia
•More commonly found in boys than girlMore commonly found in boys than girlss

9. Secondary/Developmental DyslexiaSecondary/Developmental Dyslexia
•Result of abnormal hormonal development Result of abnormal hormonal development
during the early development of the fetusduring the early development of the fetus
•Diminishes as the child maturesDiminishes as the child matures
–With practice, this form of dyslexia can be With practice, this form of dyslexia can be
mastered completelymastered completely
•More commonly found in boys than girlsMore commonly found in boys than girls

10. Why are the words moving Why are the words moving
when I read?when I read?
•The light-sensitive receptors in your eyes The light-sensitive receptors in your eyes
interpret light and convert the image interpret light and convert the image
projected onto the retina into a signal that projected onto the retina into a signal that
is sent along the visual pathway is sent along the visual pathway
(neurological pathway) to the brain. The (neurological pathway) to the brain. The
light traveling into your eyes along the light traveling into your eyes along the
optic nerve to the brain is not balanced. optic nerve to the brain is not balanced.
This causes words to move.This causes words to move.

11. •The left side of the brain processes light The left side of the brain processes light
information from the right eye and the right side of information from the right eye and the right side of
the brain processes light information from the left the brain processes light information from the left
eye. As each eye processes light differently, the eye. As each eye processes light differently, the
signals sent from each eye reach their respective signals sent from each eye reach their respective
locations in your brain at a different time.locations in your brain at a different time.
•This causes the eyes and the brain to be out of This causes the eyes and the brain to be out of
sync with each other. This is why words appear to sync with each other. This is why words appear to
be blurry, out of focus, or move in some way. be blurry, out of focus, or move in some way.
People also describe the spaces in between the People also describe the spaces in between the
lines appear to move or float.lines appear to move or float.

12. SOME REMEDIAL MEASURESSOME REMEDIAL MEASURES
•CHROMAGEN LENS:CHROMAGEN LENS:
• For moving words,blurry image,pull apart,floating For moving words,blurry image,pull apart,floating
words,scrunch together this lense is great solution for words,scrunch together this lense is great solution for
these problems.these problems. Users of ChromaGen Lenses report that Users of ChromaGen Lenses report that
all of these word movement symptoms simply stop and all of these word movement symptoms simply stop and
they no longer get headaches, nausea or fatigue.they no longer get headaches, nausea or fatigue.

13. MAPSMAPS
The Mental Attributes Profiling System The Mental Attributes Profiling System
(MAPS) is a language independent (MAPS) is a language independent
screening test, i.e., relies on cognitive screening test, i.e., relies on cognitive
rather than language-based measures, rather than language-based measures,
capable of predicting children at risk capable of predicting children at risk
(possible dyslexics) and equipping (possible dyslexics) and equipping
teachers with a profile of their mental teachers with a profile of their mental
abilities so as to design personalized abilities so as to design personalized
remediation programs. remediation programs.
•The Mental Attributes Profiling System (MAPS) is a language independent screening test, i.e., relies on cognitive rather than language-based measures, capable of predicting children at risk (possible dyslexics) and equipping teachers with a profile of their mental abilities so as to design personalized remediation programs.
•The MAPS battery addresses eight major domains of language-independent and -dependent tests that have been frequently linked to reading development and/or disability:

14. •The MAPS battery addresses eight major The MAPS battery addresses eight major
domains of language-independent and domains of language-independent and
-dependent tests that have been -dependent tests that have been
frequently linked to reading development frequently linked to reading development
and/or disability:and/or disability:

15. Teaching Dyslexic StudentsTeaching Dyslexic Students
•Use a Use a multi-sensorymulti-sensory approach to teaching: have approach to teaching: have
the student hear, see, say, and then do something the student hear, see, say, and then do something
related to the lessonrelated to the lesson
•Use flash cardsUse flash cards

16. •Teach students to think about the way the Teach students to think about the way the
mouth needs to move to make soundsmouth needs to move to make sounds
•Tape classroom lessons and homework Tape classroom lessons and homework
assignments for the studentassignments for the student
•Give the student extra time on testsGive the student extra time on tests

17. Teaching – Specific Regulations Teaching – Specific Regulations
Regarding ImplementationRegarding Implementation
Regulations
•Parents/guardians of students eligible under the Parents/guardians of students eligible under the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, §504, must be informed Rehabilitation Act of 1973, §504, must be informed
of all services and options available to the student of all services and options available to the student
under that federal statuteunder that federal statute
•Once it has been determined that a student has Once it has been determined that a student has
dyslexia, the school district or charter school shall dyslexia, the school district or charter school shall
provide an appropriate instructional program for provide an appropriate instructional program for
the student. As stated in TEC §38.003: the student. As stated in TEC §38.003:

18. Benefits of DyslexiaBenefits of Dyslexia
(Because God is amazing and there is always reason to celebrate!)(Because God is amazing and there is always reason to celebrate!)
•Dyslexic individuals are more intuitive and Dyslexic individuals are more intuitive and
creative than the average individualcreative than the average individual
•Dyslexic students excel at hands-on learningDyslexic students excel at hands-on learning
•Dyslexic students think in picturesDyslexic students think in pictures
•Dyslexic students are visual, multi-dimensional Dyslexic students are visual, multi-dimensional
thinkersthinkers

20. ALWAYS ENHANCED IN ALWAYS ENHANCED IN
THEIR OWN WAY OF LIFETHEIR OWN WAY OF LIFE
T
H
A
N
K
Y
O
U