Earth's Subsystem presentation senior high school

earth & life science

1. Earth as a SYSTEM

2. SYSTEM - A set of interconnected components that are interacting to form a unified whole.

3. EXAMPLE of a system- ECOSYSTEM . (Organisms are interrelated and interacting ) Water Cycle

4. The Earth system is essentially a CLOSED SYSTEM. A closed system is a system in which there is only an exchange of heat or energy and no exchange of matter. The Earth receives energy from the sun and returns some of this energy to space.

5. Components or subsystems of the Earth system

6. THE EARTH SUBSYSTEMS Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Atmosphere

7. Includes all life forms on Earth Biosphere It covers all ecosystems—from the soil to the rainforest, from mangroves to coral reefs, and from the plankton-rich ocean surface to the deep sea.

8. Photosynthesis The Carbon Cycle

9. James Lovelock used the "Daisy World Model" to illustrate how the biosphere is capable of regulating its environment. It’s Film showing Time ! The Albedo Effect …

10. Dynamic mass of water that is continuously on the move Hydrosphere

11. Precipitation, Evaporation, Runoff, Infiltration, etc... The Hydrologic (Water) Cycle 1. About 70% of the Earth is covered with liquid water (hydrosphere) and much of it is in the form of ocean water. 2. Only 3% of Earth's water is fresh: two-thirds are in the form of ice, and the remaining one-third is present in streams, lakes, and groundwater.

12. The atmosphere is the thin gaseous layer that envelopes the lithosphere. Atmosphere The present atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen (N), 21% oxygen (O2), 0.9% argon, and trace amount of other gases.

13. One of the most important processes by which the heat on the Earth's surface is redistributed is through atmospheric circulation.

14. The Solid Earth extends from the surface to the center Geosphere

15. The lithosphere includes the crust and the upper part of the mantle. LITHOSPHERE

16. Layers of the Earth CRUST (continental & oceanic) MANTLE (upper & lower) CORE (outer & inner)

17. Which layer is it?

18. CRUST It’s the light and very thin outer skin of the Earth. The outermost layer where energy and mineral resources are derived.

19. Different elements that compose the Earth’s CRUST Oxygen 46.60 Silicon 27.72 Aluminum 8.13 Iron 5.00 Calcium 3.63 Sodium 2.83 Potassium 2.59 Magnesium 2.09 Titanium 0.40 Hydrogen 0.14

20. MANTLE Less dense layer Made up of silicate rocks, mostly made of the elements silicon, oxygen, iron and magnesium.

21. CORE Denser layer the Earth’s magnetic field strengthens the idea that the Earth’s outer core is molten/liquid.

22. Historical Development of the concept of EARTH SYSTEM

23. 1. The Earth is a closed system

24. 2. Oxygen is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.

25. 3. The geosphere refers to all life forms and organic matter

26. 4. About 30% of Earth is covered with water.

27. 5. Oceans act as sinks of carbo n dioxide.

28. Geosphere Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere 4.6 Billion Years of Interaction

29. Connect to Earth Cite a situation that shows how the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere are interconnected.

30. Sources: 1. Ms. Laguda ppt. (Regional SHS Mass Training of Grade 11 Teachers) 2.TG Earth & Life Science