Earthquake in gujarat (2001)

Earthquake in Gujarat occurred in in the year 2001, 26th January. And Further details in the presentation.

1. EARTHQUAKE IN GUJARAT (2001)

2. Date 26 January 2001 Origin time 03:16 UTC Magnitude 7.7  M w Depth 16 kilometres (10 mi) Epicenter 23.419°N 70.232°E Type Oblique-slip Areas affected India, Pakistan Max. intensity X ( Extreme ) Casualties 13,805–20,023 dead ~ 166,800 injured

3. The  2001 Gujarat earthquake  also known as Bhuj earthquake occurred on 26 January, India's 52nd  Republic Day , at  08:46 AM IST  and lasted for over 2 minutes. The  epicentre  was about 9 km south-southwest of the village of  Chobari  in  Bhachau   Taluka  of  Kutch  District of  Gujarat ,  India .

4.   The  intraplate earthquake  reached 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale  and had a maximum felt intensity of X ( Extreme ) on the  Mercalli intensity scale . The earthquake killed between 13,805 and 20,023 people (including 18 in south-eastern ( Pakistan ), injured another 167,000 and destroyed nearly 400,000 homes.

5. TECTONIC SETTING Gujarat  lies 3–400 km from the plate boundary between the  Indian Plate  and the  Eurasian Plate , but the current tectonics is still governed by the effects of the continuing  continental collision  along this boundary. During the break-up of  Gondwana  in the  Jurassic , this area was affected by  rifting  with a roughly west-east trend.

6. During the collision with Eurasia the area has undergone shortening, involving both reactivation of the original rift  faults  and development of new low-angle  thrust faults . The related  folding  has formed a series of ranges, particularly in central Kutch. The  focal mechanism  of most earthquakes is consistent with reverse faulting on  reactivated  rift faults.

7. The pattern of uplift and subsidence associated with the  1819 Rann of Kutch earthquake  is consistent with reactivation of such a fault. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake was caused by movement on a previously unknown south-dipping fault, trending parallel to the inferred rift structures.

8. EFFECTS The death toll in the  Kutch  region was 12,300.  Bhuj , which was situated only 20 km away from the epicenter , was devastated. Considerable damage also occurred in  Bhachau  and  Anjar  with hundreds of villages flattened in Taluka of Anjar , Bhuj & Bhachau .  

9. Residential Buildings

10. Market Place

11. A Local Domestic Property

12. Over a million structures were damaged or destroyed, including many historic buildings and tourist attractions. The quake destroyed around 40% of homes, eight schools, two hospitals and 4 km of road in Bhuj and partly destroyed the city's historic  Swaminarayan temple  and historic fort as well  Prag Mahal  and  Aina Mahal .

13. Prag Mahal

14. Aina Mahal

15. In  Ahmedabad , Gujarat's commercial capital with a population of 5.6 million, as many as 50 multi-storied buildings collapsed and several hundred people were killed. Total property damage was estimated at $5.5 billion and rising. In Kutch, the earthquake destroyed about 60% of food and water supplies and around 258,000 houses – 90% of the district's housing stock.

16. Damaged Building In Ahmedabad

17. The biggest setback was the total demolition of the Bhuj Civil hospital. The Indian military provided emergency support which was later augmented by the  International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Society . A temporary Red Cross hospital remained in Bhuj to provide care while a replacement hospital was built.

18. Relief Team

19. MEMORIAL Smritivan , a memorial park and museum dedicated to victims of the earthquake was built atop  Bhujia Hill . Total 13,805 trees dedicated to each victim were planted in the garden and 108 small water reservoirs were created on the hill.

20. SMRITIVAN

21. THANK YOU