ECHOcardiography WORKSHOP dr Jane Nader.pdf

hands on basic echocardiography

1. ECHOcardiography
WORKSHOP
JANE NADER, MD, BUC

5. •Significant ECG changes
•Assess Left ventricular Function
•Heart Valves
•Cardiomyopathies
•Pericardial Effusion
•Cardiac Arrest
•Congenital Anomalies
•ASD, VSD, Shunts
Indications

6. NO Special
Preparation
Needed

7. Left lateralSupine flat

8. GEL
PROBE

9. Surface Anatomy

11. •The Parasternal Long Axis View is often abbreviated
asPSLAorPLAX.
•It is usually the first cardiac ultrasound view obtained
and will give you an immediate assessment of the
general condition of the heart including ejection
fraction and overall left and right ventricular sizes.
•Place the probeat the 4th intercostal space near to the
sternum. Point theprobe indicatortoward the patient’s
right shoulder
PARASTERNAL LONG AXIS

12. Structures to identify in
Parasternal Long Axis
(PSLA) View:
•RV:Right Ventricle
•LV:Left Ventricle
•LA:Left Atrium
•AV:Aortic Valve
•MV:Mitral Valve
•AO:Aorta
•Pericardium

13. PARASTERNAL SHORT AXIS
The Parasternal Short Axis view is often
abbreviated asPSSAorPSAX.
•From the Parasternal Long Axis view,
rotate your probe 90
degreesclockwiseso that the indicator is
now pointing towards thepatient’s left
shoulder.

15. Axis (PSSA) Mid-Papillary Level:
RV: Right Ventricle
LV: Left Ventricle
Papillary Muscles

16. Mitral Valve Level:
RV: Right Ventricle
LV: Left Ventricle
MV: Mitral Valve (Anterior and Posterior
leaflets)

17. Aortic Valve Level:
•RV:Right Ventricle
•TV:Tricuspid Valve
•AV:Aortic Valve
•PV:Pulmonic Valve
•RVOT:Right Ventricular
Outflow Tract
•RA:Right Atrium
•LA:Left Atrium

18. •From the Parasternal Short
Axis View, slide the
Transducer towards the apex
of the heart keeping the
indicator pointed towards the
patient’s left side.
•Once you, tilt the tail of the
probe down towards the
patient’s foot.
APICAL 4 CHAMBERVIEW

20. Structures to identify in the Apical 4 Chamber View:
•LV:Left Ventricle
•RV:Right Ventricle
•LA:Left Atrium
•RA:Right Atrium
•TV:Tricuspid Valve
•MV:Mitral Valve

21. Apical 4
Chamber
Parasternal
Short Axis
Parasternal
Long Axis
LV, RV,
mitral valve
LA
Tricuspid
Valve,
RA
Aortic
Valve

22. SUBXIPHOID (SUBCOSTAL) VIEW
•With the patient’s knees bent,
position the probe under the costal
arch (beneath the xiphoid process)
with the indicator pointing towards
the patient’sleft.

23. SUBXIPHOID (SUBCOSTAL) VIEW
•Since the plane of the heart is
superficial, you need to use an
overhand grip on the probe in
order to be parallel with the skin

24. Structures to identify in the Subxiphoid
(Subcostal) View:
•RV:Right Ventricle
•LV:Left Ventricle
•TV:Tricuspid Valve
•MV:Mitral Valve
•LA:Left Atrium
•RA:Right Atrium
•Pericardium

27. Let’s Sneak a Peak

28. DISEASES DETECTED
BY ECHO SCREENING
(eyeballing)
•Left Ventricular Function/
Ejection Fraction
•Hypokinesia
•Cardiomyopathy
•Embolism
•Mass/ Tumor
•Pericardial Effusion

29. EJECTION FRACTION

30. REGIONAL WALL MOTION

31. DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

32. HYPERTROPHIC
CARDIOMYOPATHY

33. CARDIAC THROMBUS/ EMBOLISM

34. TUMOR/ MYXOMA

35. PERICARDIAL EFFUSION/ TAMPONADE

39. Any question?