Economic Sociology

Economic Sociology

1. Economic Sociology Aysel Muradl ı , Business Administration

2. Economic sociology   studies both the social effects and the social causes of various economic phenomena. What is Economic Sociology?

3. The specific term "economic sociology" was first coined by  William Stanley Jevons in 1879. Later it was used in the works of  Emile Durkheim,   Max Weber  and  Georg Simmel . The origin of the term

4. The role of interests and rationality in economy The importance of social relations and social institutions in economy T he transition to capitalism and its effects on markets T he role of trust in economic life Topics of Economic Sociology

5. Topics of Economic Sociology The classical foundations of modern economic sociology The relationship between law and the economy Entrepreneurship The social organization of labor markets .

6. The field can be broadly divided into 2 periods: C lassical period C ontemporary period Economic Sociology

7. Classical Period The classical period was concerned particularly with  modernity  and its constituent aspects ( rationalization,secularization ,   urbanization,   social stratification, and so on ).

8. Modernity   typically refers to a post-traditional, post-medieval historical period, one marked by the move from feudalism (or agrarianism) toward capitalism, industrialization, secularization, rationalization, the  nation-state and its constituent institutions and forms of surveillance. R ationalization   refers to the replacement of traditions, values, and emotions as motivators for behavior in society with rational, calculated ones. Classical Period

9. Urbanization   is the physical growth of urban areas as a result of rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities, particularly the very large ones . S ocial stratification  is a concept involving the "classification of people into groups based on shared socio-economic conditions ... a relational set of inequalities with economic, social, political and ideological dimensions." Classical Period

10. Secularization is the activity of changing something (art or education or society or morality etc.) so it is no longer under the control or influence of religion. Classical Period

11. The relationship between capitalism and modernity is a salient issue, perhaps best demonstrated in Weber's  The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism ( 1905) and Simmel's   The Philosophy of Money  (1900). Economic sociology may be said to have begun with Tocqueville's  Democracy in America   (1835–40) and  The Old Regime and the Revolution   (1856). Marx's historical materialism would attempt to demonstrate how economic forces influence the structure of society on a fundamental level.  Émile Durkheim's The Division of Labour in Society  was published in 1922, whilst Max Weber's  Economy and Society  was released in the same year. Classical Period

12. Classical Period Main scholars of this period: Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber Other scholar Alfred Marshal Thorstein Veblen, Vilfredo Pareto, Joseph Schumpeter…

13. The contemporary period of economic sociology, also known as  new economic sociology , was consolidated by the 1985 work of Mark Granovetter  titled "Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness ". These works elaborated the concept of  embeddedness , which states that economic relations between individuals or firms take place within existing social relations (and are thus structured by these relations as well as the greater social structures of which those relations are a part). Contemporary period

14.  Social network analysis has been the primary methodology for studying this phenomenon. Granovetter's theory of the strength of weak ties and Ronald Burt's concept of structural holes are two best known theoretical contributions of this field. Contemporary period

15. A  social network  is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations) and a complex set of the dyadic ties between these actors. The social network perspective provides a clear way of analyzing the structure of whole social entities. The study of these structures uses social network analysis to identify local and global patterns, locate influential entities, and examine network dynamics. Social Network Analysis

16. Granovetter's paper "The Strength of Weak Ties" is a highly influential sociology paper.  In marketing, information science, or politics, weak ties enable reaching populations and audiences that are not accessible via strong ties . The concepts and findings of this work were later published in the monograph  Getting A Job. Strength of Weak Ties

17. Fred L. Block James S. Coleman Mark Granovetter Harrison White Paul DiMaggio Joel M. Podolny Richard Swedberg   Viviana Zelizer   and o thers. Main Scholars

18. Economic sociology is an attempt by sociologists to redefine in sociological terms questions traditionally addressed by economists. It is thus also an answer to attempts by economists (such as Gary Becker) to bring economic approaches – in particular utility maximisation and game theory – to the analysis of social situations that are not obviously related to production or trade. Summary

19. Socioeconomics  Economic sociology is sometimes synonymous with socioeconomics. In most cases, however, socioeconomists focus on the social impact of very specific economic changes, such as the closing of a factory, market manipulation, new natural gas regulation, and so on. DO NOT CONFUSE