Effective microorganisms

Effective Microorganisms

1. EFFECTIVE MICRO ORGANISMS IN ORGANIC AGRICULTURE Presented by, KAVI

2. What is meant by Effective Microorganisms (EM)?

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4. EM origin

5. EM the natural product

6. EM in action

7. EM CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING FIVE FAMILIES OF MICRO-ORGANISMS: Lactic acid bacteria: These bacteria are differentiated by their powerful sterilizing properties. They suppress harmful micro-organisms and encourage quick breakdown of organic substances. In addition, they can suppress the reproduction of Fusarium , a harmful fungus Example, Lactobacillus plantarum , L. casei and Streptoccus lactis .

8. . Yeasts: These manufacture anti-microbial and useful substances for plant growth. Their metabolites are food for other bacteria such as the lactic acid and actinomycete groups Example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis Actinomycetes : These suppress harmful fungi and bacteria and can live together with photosynthetic bacteria Example, Streptomyces albus and S. griseus

9. . Photosynthetic bacteria: These bacteria play the leading role in the activity of EM. They synthesise useful substances from the secretions of roots, organic matter and/or harmful gases (e.g. hydrogen sulphide ) by using sunlight and the heat of soil as sources of energy. They contribute to a better use of sunlight or, in other words, better photosynthesis. The metabolites developed by these micro-organisms are directly absorbed into plants. In addition, these bacteria increase the number of other bacteria and act as nitrogen binders. Rhodopseudomonas palustrus and Rhodobacter spaeroides

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11. Using EM Liquid Concentrate

12. . No dig gardening Cut any annual weeds, grass, or crop residues at least 5 cm from the ground and place the material on the soil as a mulch. Spray EM liquid weekly on the mulch and plants. As a compost application Apply to the compost heap to reduce troublesome odours and flies as well as improving the compost process and quality. Preferably spray on with a hand sprayer to prevent over wetting the compost heap and apply at each addition of fresh material if possible .

13. . EM for the garden EM is a liquid concentrate and in this form the micro organisms are alive but dormant. It is a dark brown liquid with a pleasant vinegary yeasty type smell. The pH of this liquid is approx. 3.5. To activate the EM simply dilute the concentrated solution with clean chlorine free water. The EM solution which is then produced is a yellowish brown in colour with a pleasant smell.

14. How to use EM

15. Advantages to Plants

16. APPLICATION OF EM1 Basically, EM can be applied in many ways, namely as EM1 stock solution EM5 solution, EM Bokashi EM fermented plant extract. EM Ceramics EM-A

17. . EM1 stock solution Watering into the soil (by watering cans, sprinklers or irrigation systems) Spray onto plants (foliar spray) by sprayer or watering can . EM BOKASHI (EM fermented organic matters) "Bokashi" is a Japanese word which means "Fermented organic matter". It is made by fermenting organic matter (rice bran, oil cake, fish meal etc.) with EM. Bokashi is normally found as a powder or as granules. EM Bokashi is fermented organic matter using EM instead of forest or mountain soil. Thus, EM Bokashi is an important additive to increase effective microorganisms in the soil.

18. . EM5 (EM fermented solutions) EM5 is a fermented mixture of vinegar, spirits(alcohol), molasses and EM 1. It is used to spray the plant to suppress pathogens and keep away insect pests. EM Fermented Plant Extract (EM-F.P.E.) EM fermented plant extract is a mixture of fresh weeds fermented with molasses and EM1. The main effect of this extract is to supply quality nutrients to crops, and also to suppress pathogens and keep away insects.

19. EM Ceramics EM Ceramics - Improving water quality EM ceramics can be in a variety of situations, but are best used with water, as they have the ability change it's 'structure'. Agriculture - To improve water quality and improve the health of your stock. EM ceramics are made by fermenting special montmorilite clays with EM and then baked. The ceramics come in two forms - Grey and Rose.

20. Conclusion