EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON DARJEELING TEA INDUSTRY.pptx

ppt

1. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON DARJEELING TEA INDUSTRY GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

2. DISCUSSION FLOW Introduction Economic Impact Export Market Global warming Impact on Tea Industry in India PROJECT ASSIGNED BY: Dr. K. Vasugi Assistant Professor (Senior) ROHIT DAS (22BCL1001) SAMBUDDHA MITRA (22BCL1002) SHIVKUMAR SHINDE (22BCL1021) VIKASH KUMAR (22BCL1035) HIMANK KAHRE (22BCL1037) GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

3. INTRODUCTION The tea industry in Darjeeling, located in the Indian state of West Bengal, dates back to the mid-19th century when the British established tea plantations in the region. Since then, Darjeeling tea has gained a reputation for its distinctive flavor, aroma, and quality. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

4. Darjeeling tea is protected under geographical indication (GI) status, which means only tea produced in certain areas of the Darjeeling district can be labeled as "Darjeeling tea." The industry is characterized by numerous tea gardens, many of which are situated at high altitudes in the Himalayan foothills. The unique climate, soil, and altitude contribute to the distinctive flavor profile of Darjeeling tea. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

5. BOTH PRODUCTION AND PRICE REALISATIONS HAVE FALLEN IN DARJEELING,” INDIAN TEA ASSOCIATION SECRETARY GENERAL ARIJIT RAHA SAID. THE AVERAGE AUCTION PRICE OF THE CROP, WHICH WAS ₹365.45 PER KILOGRAM IN 2021, FELL TO ₹349.42 IN 2022. THE DARJEELING TEA INDUSTRY PLAYS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN INDIA'S ECONOMY, CONTRIBUTING TO BOTH EMPLOYMENT AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS. IT PROVIDES LIVELIHOODS TO THOUSANDS OF WORKERS, INCLUDING TEA PLUCKERS, FACTORY WORKERS, AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF. ECONOMIC IMPACT: GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

6. DARJEELING TEA : FALLING PRODUCTION, FLUCTUATING PRICE GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

7. DARJEELING TEA : FALLING PRODUCTION, FLUCTUATING PRICE GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

8. EXPORT MARKET: Darjeeling tea is primarily exported to various countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, Germany, and Russia. Its high quality and distinct flavor command premium prices in international markets, making it an important export commodity for India. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

9. GLOBAL WARMING IMPACT ON TEA INDUSTRY IN INDIA Changes in Temperature and Rainfall Patterns Pests and Diseases Water Availability Extreme Weather Events Shifts in Growing Regions GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

10. CHANGES IN RAINFALL PATTERNS GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

11. CHANGES IN Rainfall Patterns GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 All of the districts in the northern part of the state had registered a significant increase trend in summer rainfall. Post-monsoon rainfall exhibited a non-significant declining trend in all districts except the extreme northern part of the state (i.e. Kalimpong, Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri and Alipurduar), in contrast to an increasing trend was found in the extreme northern part.

12. The global tea market is dwindling due to various inescapable forces. Consequently, tea industry in the country along with garden workers, particularly labourer’s, has been negatively impacted. Darjeeling Tea Industry has not been an exception in this respect. There has been frequent reporting in the leading news dailies1 that tea industry in Darjeeling Hills suffers from more than one problem. The Darjeeling Tea Industry is grappling with issues such as sickness, closure, crop yield, wage, education, health, livelihood, violence, intellectual property rights, and competition from Nepal, Sri Lanka, and African countries. LABOUR PROBLEM GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

13. Status of Tea Estates in Darjeeling Hills GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

14. Status of Tea Estates in Darjeeling Hills GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

15. Status of Tea Estates in Darjeeling Hills GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

16. HEALTH SITUATIONS OF LABOUR GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 In case of health situations of labour households it is the responsibility of tea management. Tea companies and other legal custodians of tea gardens/estates are legally responsible to protect the health of the workers as per the Plantation Act 1951. Many of the health problems as listed in the relevant Table (see Table 9) are the results of the improper health planning and medical facilities in the area.

17. Status of Tea Estates in Darjeeling Hills GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

18. Shift in the Economic Landscape. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 Tea gardens in Darjeeling are facing financial challenges due to a growing population and a desire for better incomes. Workers are unhappy with reduced wages and benefits, and some gardens have shut down entirely. Despite this, they are finding other ways to make ends meet, such as farming and raising livestock. The closures are a concern for their well-being, as they lose income from animals and vehicles.

19. Workers Poor Living Conditions GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 Tea plantation workers in Darjeeling live in poorly constructed houses, exposing them to health issues like worm infestations. Access to clean water and safe fuel is also challenging, with many relying on natural springs and firewood. The traditional subsidy for firewood and kerosene has been reduced or eliminated, disproportionately affecting women. The Plantation Act of 1951, which outlines minimum housing and sanitation standards, is often violated and needs revision.

20. Workers Poor Living Conditions GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6

21. The jassid, a small insect, is believed to contribute to the unique flavor of Darjeeling tea leaves. They feed on the leaves, triggering a defense mechanism in the tea plant, which produces volatile compounds that contribute to the Darjeeling taste and aroma. Although jassids are not entirely responsible, their presence is a significant factor in the "muscatel" flavor of second flush Darjeeling teas. 2.Pests and Diseases GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 J assid insect

22. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 TEMPRATURE Jassids are known to thrive in warm climates. A moderate temperature increase might not harm them directly, but it could disrupt their life cycle or make them more susceptible to predators. RAINFALL PATTERNS Changes in rainfall patterns could affect the tea bushes jassids feed on. Less rain might stress the bushes, reducing their suitability as food for jassids. NATURAL PREDATORS Some insect populations that prey on jassids might benefit from warmer temperatures, leading to an increase in jassid predators and a decrease in jassid populations.

23. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 Variable monsoon patterns in the Darjeeling tea industry can affect the population dynamics of pests like jassids, which can cause significant damage to tea plants. Consistent rainfall promotes healthy plant growth and helps resist pest attacks, while irregular or insufficient rainfall can stress plants. Changes in rainfall can disrupt natural enemies of jassids, such as predators and parasites, and indirectly affect jassid populations by altering habitat and food sources. MONSOON EFFECT

24. GLOBAL WARMING PROJECT GROUP-6 Thank You