Egyption civilisation

detailed info on civilisation

1. EGYPTION CIVILISATION Made By – Abhiniti Garg Kavita Kumari Sneha Subbramaniam

2. Topics – Overview of Egypt Nile Location of Egypt Religious beliefs of Egypt Burial Customs of Egypt Egyptian Art Egyptian Architecture Egyptian Technology

3. Overview Egyptian civilization in northeastern Africa dates from the 4 th millennium BC, has many achievements preserved in its art and monuments, that hold a fascination for archaeologists to expose its secrets. It is one of the earliest civilization in world history.

4. NAME DYNASTY YEARS Archaic Period 1-2 3100-2700 B.C. Old Kingdom 3-6 2700-2200 B.C. Intermediate Period 7-10 2200-2050 B.C. Middle Kingdom 11-12 2050-1800 B.C. Intermediate Period 13-17 1800-1570 B.C. New Kingdom 18-20 1570-1085 B.C. Post Empire 21-31 1085-332 B.C.

5. NILE The Nile river rises the lakes of central Africa as the White Nile and from the mountains of Ethiopia as the Blue Nile. The white and blue Nile meet at Khartoum and flow together northward to the Nile delta, where the 4000 mile course of this river spills into the Mediterranean Sea. It flows from south to north.

6. Location Egypt is situated in the Nile valley, in the north east of Africa. Its origins lay in several chiefdoms in upper Egypt, at Abydos and Hierakanpolis, who then spread northwards towards Memphis and the Mediterranean.

7. Religious beliefs Beliefs in the divine and in the afterlife were ingrained in ancient Egyptian civilization from its inception. The Egyptian pantheon was populated by gods who had supernatural powers and were called on for help or protection. Egyptians believed that the gods had to be appeased with offerings and prayers.

8. The Egyptians also believed that every human being was composed of physical and spiritual parts. In addition to the body, each person had a shadow, a soul, a life-force and a name. The heart, rather than the brain, was considered the seat of thoughts and emotions.

9. Burial customs Ancient Egyptians maintained an elaborate set of burial customs that they believed were necessary to ensure immortality after death. These customs involved preserving the body by mummification, performing burial ceremonies, were designed to assist the deceased find their way in the afterlife. The tombs were filled with food, tools, domestic wares, treasures – all the necessities of life – to ensure the soul’s return to the body so that the deceased would live happily ever after.

10. art The iconic Egyptian 2D style is found in tombs, temples and statues. Egyptian statues were carved from stone and rock, or wood as a cheap alternative, with paint obtained from mineral ores quarried from surrounding areas. The wall paintings in tombs often depict lively scenes of everyday life, bringing this ancient civilization vividly to life.

11. architecture The ancient Egyptians built some of the most-awe inspiring structures the world has ever seen, such as the Pyramids of Giza. The average Egyptians lived in a simple mud, wood or brick abode, with the elite having elaborate palaces, rich in art.

12. technology Mathematics Medicine Ship Building

13. Mathematics The ancient Egyptians developed high levels of mathematics to enable them to build their pyramids and temples with remarkably simple tools. Their mathematics seems to have been of a more practical nature than that of the Mesopotamians.

14. medicine Ancient Egyptian doctors could stitch up wounds, repair broken bones and amputate infected limbs. Cuts were bandaged by raw meat, linen, and sawbs soaked with honey. Opium was also used as a painkiller. Onions and garlic were used as health foods in the diet.

15. Ship building As early as 3000 BC an Egyptian ship of 75ft in length had been built. Planks of wood were originally held together by straps with reeds or grass pushed in to seal the gaps. Despite having ships to sail, they were not renowned as great sailors.

16. Topics covered Overview of Egypt Nile Location of Egypt Religious beliefs of Egypt Burial Customs of Egypt Egyptian Art Egyptian Architecture Egyptian Technology

17. Thankyou