Elementos del abstract

Elementos para la elaboración de un resumen cientifico (Abstract)

1. Elementos de un Abstract Universidad Nacional Experimental “Francisco de Miranda” Departamento de Idiomas (CIES) U.C: Inglés II Unidad II

2. los Elementos de un Abstract . Planteamiento del Problema de Investigación Habla sobre la problemática de la investigación, es decir, de qué trata la investigación. Mayormente se encuentra al inicio del abstract . Objetivos de la investigación propuesta en el articulo Busca definir el propósito de la investigación. Es fácil de identificar porque es la parte donde se describe mediante un verbo en pasado el OBJETIVO. Por ejemplo; The purpose was to examine…

3. los Elementos de un Abstract . Metodologías seguidas en el trabajo realizado Habla del proceso mediante el cual se llevo a cabo la investigación, dónde se realizó, cómo se realizó, a quiénes fue aplicada, instrumento de investigación y otros aspectos que describan el procedimiento que se aplicó para obtener los resultados. Resultados arrojados por el estudio científico Refleja todo lo obtenido mediante los procedimientos aplicados en el marco metodológico. Aquí se pueden evidenciar números, y otros que ayuden a obtener una conclusión y recomendación sobre la investigación.

4. los Elementos de un Abstract . Conclusiones de la investigación Esta parte refleja el análisis de los resultados anteriormente descritos, por tal razón la conclusión siempre estará al final del abstract , si éste no posee recomendaciones ya que las recomendaciones solo serán las observaciones que haya obtenido el investigador en relación a las conclusiones obtenidas Ahora observarás los siguientes abstract para que puedas identificar los elementos de un abstract .

5. Tuberculosis Risk Factors in Adults in King County Tuberculosis has become a resurgent public health problem in the United States. Because resources are limited, control programs frequently must target populations at greatest risk .  The purpose of the study was to examine risk factors for tuberculosis in adults. In King County, Washington State, from 1988 through 1990, the characteristics of patients with tuberculosis were compared with census data, and a case-control study was conducted. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 151 patients with active tuberculosis and 545 control subjects. Infection with the human immuno -deficiency virus, non-White race/ethnicity, and foreign birthplace were each associated with a sixfold or greater increase in risk. Each of the following was associated with at least a doubled risk: history of selected underlying medical-conditions; low weight for height; low socioeconomic status; and age 70 years or older.   Men had 1.9 times the risk of women, smokers of 20 years or more duration had 2.6 times the risk of nonsmokers, and heavy alcohol consumers had 2.0 times the risk of nondrinkers . Intervention targeting easily identified groups may be an effective way to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.   Planteamiento del problema Objetivo de la investigación Metodología de la investigación Resultados Coclusión

6. Industrial safety hazard reduction through performance feedback A "feedback package" system, designed to prevent occupational accidents and to fit directly into the normal operations of an industrial organization, was analyzed. Eighteen hazardous conditions in six production departments were assessed during seven observation sessions over a 12-week period, plus four follow-up observations over 4 months. The "feedback package" was presented in multiple baseline fashion, across subjects (department supervisors). It consisted of presenting the supervisor with copies of observational data, accompanied by a note which congratulated good practices and suggested ways for improving safety conditions, along with occasional comments from a senior executive . The results indicated that during the feedback phase, hazard rates were lower and less variable than during the baseline phase. Baseline data were highly variable with peaks ranging from 20 to 55 hazards per department. Following intervention, hazard frequencies dropped by 60%, averaged across departments, with decreases ranging from 29% to 889%. During treatment, data stabilized, with the highest frequency reaching 33. A modified feedback system was implemented by the organization following termination of the study, validating the assumption that such a system would tend to maintain. DESCRIPTORS: industrial safety, feedback, organization, hazard reduction Objetivo de la investigación Metodología de la investigación Conclusión Resultados