Embolism

It is about "Embolism" and its types

1. MADE BY: SYED USAMA SHAYAN EMBOLISM

2. EMBOLISM:  “Detached Intravascular Solid, Liquid or gas mass carried by blood to a distant site.”

3. *Venous Embolism/ Pulmonary (DVT) *Arterial Embolism (Post MI) *Paradoxical Embolism (Venous will become arterial : due to ASD/ VSD) *Fat embolism *Amniotic fluid embolism *Air embolism *Septic embolism *Foreign body embolism. Types of Embolism:

4. *Most commonly from venous emboli from leg veins (DVT) *“ Saddle embolus” obstructs main Pulmonary artery *Once a Pulmonary embolus occurs, patient will be prone for recurrent emboli episodes. *Multiple emboli or shower of small emboli in small pulmonary arteries. PULMONARY EMBOLISM

5. PULMONARY EMBOLISM

6. * Most arise from Intra cardiac mural thrombi *Left ventricular wall infarction and Mitral stenosis predisposes to thrombi and embolus * Arterial emboli travel to wide variety of sites * Lower limbs, Brain, intestines, kidney, spleen …….any organ. SYSTEMIC THROMBOEMBOLISM

7. * Microscopic fat globules enter circulation following fracture of long bones * Fat embolism syndrome:: Symptoms appear 1- 3 days after injury * Pulmonary insufficiency: Tachypnea , Dyspnea , Tachycardia * Neurologic symptoms: Irritability, Restlessness, Delirium, Coma * Low platelets: Petechial skin rash * Fatal in 10% of individuals FAT EMBOLISM

8. Fracture long bones: Imp. Soft tissue trauma Burns Parenteral lipid infusion Sickle cell crisis Acute pancreatitis Liposuction Decompression sickness Causes of Fat Embolism:

9. Gas bubbles in circulation 100 ml of air is needed to produce clinical effect Chest wall injury, Neck injury, Therapeutic, Intra-operative Decompression sickness seen in Deep sea divers AIR EMBOLISM

10. AIR EMBOLISM

11. Amniotic fluid into ruptured uterine veins Grave, but uncommon complication Important obstetric complication Sudden onset of severe dyspnea , Cyanosis, Hypotension, Shock, Seizures, Coma. If survives… Pulmonary edema, DIC AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM

12. ThanQ