Emergency medical service system. power point

Emergency medical service sytem

1. Emergency Medical Service System(EMSS)

2. Out Line Introduction to EMSS Components of EMSS EMS Organizations EMS Communications Ambulance service Conclusions

3. Learning objectives Identify typical components of the EMS system To give an overview of emergency medical services (EMS) Discus EMS Communication Systems Recall ambulance standards List pre-hospital activities

4. Introduction An EMS system is a network of resources to provide emergency care at the scene and during transportation of the sick and injured. It encompasses a wide variety of activities , including: Prevention of injury . (public education and public health activities

5. EMSS CON…. 2. Recognition of the event by bystanders 3. Activation of the EMS system - communication 4. Bystander care (ideally with telephone. instructions from the EMS dispatcher) 5. Arrival of First Responders , who may be: Fire/rescue personnel (paid or volunteer) Law enforcement personnel

6. Con… 6 .Communications (access to the system, and communication between EMS providers, public safety, and medical control) 7. Public information and education 8. Medical oversight (physician involvement) 9. Trauma systems (organized network of resources and procedures for providing care to critically injured patients) 7 . Evaluation (quality assurance/quality improvement processes)

7. Components of EMS Components of today’s EMS ,systems large or small , private or municipal, paid or volunteer include some or all of the following elements. There are 10 components of EMS system. 1.Regulation and policy 2.Administration : ; supervise ,support staff shortage , complete employee payroll records, prepare schedule 3.Human resources and training , Manpowe r: most persons assigned day to day pre- hospital care others in administration. 4-Communication ; (access to the system, and communication between EMS providers, public safety, and medical control, receive emergency calls, provide pre arrival , instructions to ambulances) 5. Public information and education : teaching the public about prevention of Emergency etc

8. Components… 6.-Transportation : Owen Ambulance transportation systems 7. Equipment & supplies : prepare equipments and supplies 8.Trauma systems (organized network of resources and procedures for providing care to critically injured patients) 9.- Facility & Critical care unite : support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week operation of the EMS system 10. Evaluation (quality assurance/quality improvement processes Quality of an EMS system is reflected in the daily performance of the EMTS and operational efficiency.

9. Access to the EMS System The public must be able to notify the EMS system of an emergency in a timely manner in order for the EMS system to be of value. The most efficient way to do this is through 3 digit (939 ) system in which trained dispatchers collect information from the caller and activate the appropriate level of response.

10. The EMS System

11. Pre-hospital medical service Pre- hospital Emergency Medical Service is a medical care given at the scene and during transportation to the health institution The objective is: to preserve life, protect further injury and to promote recovery Ideally it incorporates: ambulance , Ambulance worker(paramedic, EMT…) Rescue, and fire fighter and security people when ever necessary. EMT ( Emergency Medical Technician)

12. EMSS structure . Tertiary Secondary EMS Primary EMS Pre-hospital EMS

13. PRE.HOSP.EMS in big city . FIRE DEPARTMENT Fire fighter rescue Ambulance service

14. Pre-hos. Con… AMBULANCE SERVICE Paramedic/EMT ambulance Doctor ambulance Doctor helicopter /flight Dr/ Nurse Work flow Dispatch center ambulance station Communication system – 3 digit telephone, direct telephone, internate manpower Community based 1 st responder EMT Paramedic Nurse, doctor

15. Pre-hosp. Cont… Equipments in the Ambulance   i . Disposable gloves and sharps container ii. Airway and ventilation equipment iii. Basic wound care supplies iv. Splinting supplies v. Childbirth supplies vi. An Automated External Defibrillator vii. Patient transfer equipment

16. Dispatch facility . Dispatch The dispatch facility is a center that citizens can call to request emergency medical care. Most centers are part of a 9-1-1 system. 939-fire Ambulance and ------Red cross Dispatchers should obtain proper information from the caller and instruct callers on how to perform life saving techniques until you arrive.

17. Dispatch center

18. EMS Communication Communications are important during every phase of a call . The dispatcher must communicate the location and type of call to responders. EMRs need to communicate with patients, bystanders, family members, dispatchers, and members of the public safety community. Principles of communicating with patients in a manner that achieves a positive relationship Interviewing techniques Communication needed to: Call for resources Transfer care of the patient Interact within the team structure

19. Communication System and Equipments The purpose of a communications system is to relay information from one location to another when it is impossible to communicate face to face. The results of using a communication system will be only as accurate as the information that is put into the system Communications systems can be divided into two categories: 1.Those that transmit voice communications 2.Those that transmit data

20. 1.Voice Systems Voice communications systems transmit the spoken word from one location to another. 1. Radio systems Regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Frequencies are assigned according to the function of the organization.

21. Voice Systems… Types of radios : 1.Base station 2.Mobile radio 3.Portable radios

22. Voice Systems… 2.Telephone systems Primarily convey voice communications Landline phone systems: tied together through an above-ground or below-ground hardwired system Cellular phones: rely on radio waves between a cellular phone and a cellular tower to send and receive phone messages

23. 2. Data Systems Data can be transmitted through : Radio systems or phone systems . Paging systems can transmit text messages or voice communications. Mobile data terminals (MDTs) transmit data messages through a radio system . Fax machines use phone lines or radio systems to send written data . Telemetry is used by ALS providers to transmit ECGs and other patient data to online medical control. E-mail is used to transmit a wide variety of messages

24. Data Systems… Radio systems or phone systems . Paging systems can transmit text messages or voice communications. Mobile data terminals (MDTs) transmit data messages through a radio system.

25. The Functions of Radio Communications… 1.Dispatch Dispatch may be voice, text messaging, or an MDT to alert responders to an emergency. It is your duty to keep your equipment ready to receive a call when you are on duty. If you are unsure that all information has been received correctly, ask the dispatcher to repeat it. MDT=(Mobile data Terminal

26. 2.Response to the scene Learn how to use your map books. The dispatcher may give you further information while you are en route to the scene. If you are delayed or encounter any problems, notify dispatch.

27. 3.Arrival at the scene Perform a visual survey of the scene. Give the communications center a concise verbal picture of the scene ( to Dispatch center) Location and type of incident Any hazards present Number of patients Any additional assistance required

28. 4.Update responding EMS units ( to Special unit /Hospital) Your report should include: Age and sex of the patient Chief complaint Level of responsiveness Status of airway, breathing, and circulation ** Show sample video( 5.Transferring care to other EMS personnel Provide EMTs or paramedics with a “hand-off” report. Use the same approach you follow during patient assessment:

29. Transferring care (cont’d) Provide the age and sex of the patient. Describe the history of the incident. Describe the patient’s chief complaint . Describe the patient’s level of responsiveness. Describe how you found the patient Patient assessment: (cont’d) Report the status of the patient’s vital signs, airway, breathing, and circulation. Describe the results of the physical examination. Report any pertinent medical conditions using the SAMPLE format. Report the interventions provided and the patient’s response to them.

30. Transferring care… Online medical control is generally used by EMTs and paramedics to: Secure permission to perform certain skills Get direction regarding patient care Give patient care reports to the hospital Online medical control is generally used by EMTs and paramedics to: Secure permission to perform certain skills Get direction regarding patient care Give patient care reports to the hospital

31. 6.Postrun activities After you have transferred care, you need to report your status to your communications center. Let the communications center know how long it will take you to get your unit ready for service and when you will be available for another call.

32. AMBULANCE The term ambulance comes from a latine word “AMBULARE’’ meaning to move or walk about, which is a reference to early medical care where patients were moved by lifting or wheeling The word originally meant a moving Hospital An ambulance is a vehicle that is used for treating and transporting patients who need emergency medical care to a hospital .

33. Different types of Ambulances:- 1. Ground Ambulances 2.Air Ambulances 3.Hospital trains, boats & ships 4. Horse and carts.

34. AMBULANCE… The history of ambulances began in ancient times used to transfer by carts to transport incurable patients by force. Ambulances were first used for emergency transport in 1487 by the Spanish. Horse-drawn ambulances were used in major U.S. cities in the late 1700s

35. Horse drown ambulances

36. Ambulance history in Africa

37. Our history in ambulance service

38. Ambulance color The Standard specifies that all ambulances will be painted yellow , with specific color standards, as their primary body color. [ The color yellow was chosen primarily because it remains visible to almost all people in all lighting conditions, including the majority of those with color-blindness.

39. European Ambulance Visual Identity

40. Standard Ambulances .

41. Bledsoe et al., Essentials of Paramedic Care: Division 1 © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ A Type I ambulance

42. Type “A “Emergency Ambulance in Poland

43. Ambulance parking on the scene

44. EMS IN AMBULANCE SERVICE

45. EMTS with Different kits

46. Anterior ICU in Poland

47. Back bored

48. Bledsoe et al., Essentials of Paramedic Care: Division V © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Air Medical Transport Air medical transport involves 2 types of air rescue units: fixed-wing aircraft and rotorcraft. Missions involving air units are commonly referred to as aeromedical evacuations, or medevac.

49. Bledsoe et al., Essentials of Paramedic Care: Division V © 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ Advantages of Air Transport Rapid transportation Access to rural or remote areas Access to specialty units (NICU) Access to personnel with specialized skills Access to specialty supplies

50. Air ambulances .

51. THANK YOU

52. Medical Simulation

53. EMSS cont Monitoring and Evaluation Documentation /reporting system Periodic evaluation Local drills /Hospital, paramedic Medical rally/national, prefecture level

54. Summery During emergency period, after being evaluated and treated, patients are transferred according to the severity of illness/trauma or to their nearby health facility as soon as possible. good communication system within hospitals and pre-hospital level is mandatory

55. Summery Activities of EMS are: prevention of injury, recognition of the event, activation of EMS, bystander care, arrival of first responder …. Components of EMMS are ,manpower, communication ,administration, supply..

56. THANKS .

57. References Mosbay’s EMT-textbook,1999 ed. Pre-hospital Emergency Care,7 th ed. Tentnale,7 th ed.