Emergency_Medicine_Drug_Analysis_Presentation.pptx

EMERGENCY MEDICINE ANALYSIS

1. Analysis of Drugs Prescribed in Emergency Medicine A comprehensive study on drug utilization patterns in the emergency medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in Southern Rajasthan. Presented by Kandanuru Veera Raviteja

2. Abstract Emergency medicine departments handle critical cases requiring rapid drug administration. This study analyzes drug prescribing patterns using WHO core indicators to assess rationality, common drug classes, and administration routes.

3. Introduction Emergency medicine involves rapid decision-making, making drug prescribing prone to errors. Drug utilization studies help evaluate prescribing patterns to improve rational drug use and patient outcomes. Key points: - Emergency medicine as a high-risk prescribing environment. - Importance of analyzing drug utilization. - WHO core prescribing indicators.

4. Study Objectives 1. Evaluate drug utilization patterns in emergency medicine. 2. Assess prescribing rationality using WHO indicators. 3. Identify commonly used drugs and their administration routes. 4. Compare findings with WHO-recommended practices.

5. Materials and Methods Study Design: Prospective observational study. Study Population: - 450 patients admitted to the emergency department over 3 months. Data Collection: - Patient demographics, diagnosis, drug prescriptions, and administration routes. Analysis: - WHO prescribing indicators. - Statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel 2010.

6. Results: Drug Prescribing Trends Total prescriptions analyzed: 450 Total drugs prescribed: 1080 Average drugs per prescription: 2.40 (within WHO-recommended range) Most commonly prescribed drug classes: - Analgesics: Diclofenac (33.33%) - Antiemetics: Ondansetron (23.11%) - Antipyretics: Paracetamol (22.22%) - Antibiotics: Amoxicillin + Clavulanate, Ofloxacin + Ornidazole (18.66%)

7. Routes of Drug Administration Most common administration routes: - Intravenous (41.85%) - Intramuscular (24.72%) - Oral (20%) - Inhalation (9.44%) Less frequently used routes: - Sublingual, subcutaneous, topical, nasal (under 2% each)

8. WHO Core Prescribing Indicators 1. Average drugs per encounter: 2.40 (within WHO recommended limit of ≤2.5) 2. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name: 20% (low adherence to WHO guidelines) 3. Percentage of encounters with an antibiotic: 23.11% 4. Percentage of encounters with an injection: 67.49% 5. Percentage of drugs from the essential drug list: 92.60% (high adherence)

9. Discussion: Key Findings - Rational prescribing observed with no evidence of polypharmacy. - High reliance on brand-name drugs (80%), indicating need for generic prescribing. - Use of intravenous and intramuscular routes aligns with emergency care needs. - Most drugs (93%) were from essential drug lists, indicating judicious prescribing.

10. Challenges in Emergency Medicine Prescribing 1. Rapid decision-making increases risk of prescribing errors. 2. Limited time for culture-based antibiotic selection. 3. Over-reliance on certain drug classes (e.g., NSAIDs like Diclofenac despite cardiac risks). 4. Need for increased generic drug prescribing to reduce costs.

11. Comparison with Previous Studies - Similarities with global studies in terms of emergency drug use trends. - Higher use of brand-name drugs compared to WHO recommendations. - Lower antibiotic prescribing rates than previous studies, possibly due to shorter emergency stays.

12. Recommendations 1. Increase awareness and training on generic drug prescribing. 2. Encourage culture-based antibiotic selection where feasible. 3. Monitor and regulate NSAID prescribing to avoid cardiac risks. 4. Implement decision-support tools to assist emergency prescribing.

13. Future Research Directions - Larger sample size for more accurate analysis. - Cost analysis of prescribed drugs to assess economic impact. - Longitudinal studies to track prescribing trends over time.

14. Conclusion The study found both rational and irrational drug prescribing trends in emergency medicine: - No polypharmacy observed. - High essential drug list adherence. - Need for increased generic drug prescribing. - Future interventions should focus on improving prescribing rationality.

15. References 1. WHO. Introduction to Drug Utilization Research. Geneva: WHO, 2003. 2. Barot PA et al. Drug utilization in emergency medicine: A prospective study. J Basic Clin Pharm, 2013. 3. McGettigan P, Henry D. NSAID cardiovascular risk and prescribing patterns. PLoS Med, 2013. 4. Tripathy KD. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers, 2013.