Emergency Preparedness for earthquakes..

Emergency preparedness

1. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 1
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Workplace Emergency
Preparedness
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Session Objective:
At the end of the session, the participants
will be able to:
-explainthe elements of workplace
emergency preparedness program; and
-discussbasic preparations for common
emergencies.
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2. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 2
“Hope for the best, but be prepared
for the worst!”
This expression is a blending of what’s wished
for with what’s realistic. It applies to
individuals, communities, companies,
nations, and specifically to the workplace.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Emergency –A serious situation or occurrence
that demands immediate action.
Disaster –is the result of a calamitous event
causing massive death, injury or damage.
Definition of Terms
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3. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 3
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
•Flood • Typhoon
•Volcanic Eruption • Drought
•Earthquake • Tsunamis
Anaturalemergencycanhappenatanytime.
Someemergenciesgivewarninglikeastormprecedinga
flood.Others,likeearthquakesgivenowarning.Oncean
emergencyhappens,thetimetoprepareisgoneandallyou
candoiscope.
events that are caused by the forces of nature
Natural Emergencies
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
•Industrial Fires • Structure Collapse
•Chemical Leaks/Spills • Construction Cave-ins
•Chemical Threats • Biological Threats
•Bomb Threats or Explosions
Man-made emergencies can be a result of
human error, fatigue, poor housekeeping, poor
maintenance of equipment, lack of adequate
training, or in some cases, a willful intent.
Man-made Emergencies
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4. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 4
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Agencies Involved in Dealing with Emergencies
Most developed countries have a number of
emergency services operating within them, whose
purpose is to provide assistance in dealing with any
emergency. They are often government operated as a
public service, but in some cases, they may be
voluntary organizations, providing the assistance.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Most developed countries operate three core
emergency services:
•Police–who deal with security of person and property, which can cover all
the categories of emergency. They also to some extent deal with
punishment of those who cause an emergency through their deliberate
actions.
•Fire service–who deal with potentially harmful fires, but also often
rescue operations such as dealing with road traffic collisions. Their actions
help to prevent loss of life, damage to health and damage to or loss of
property.
•Emergency Medical Service(Ambulance / Paramedic service) –These
services attempt to reduce loss of life or damage to health. This service is
likely to be decisive in attempts to prevent loss of life and damage to
health. In some areas "Emergency Medical Service" is abbreviated to
simply EMS.
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5. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 5
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Review
Hazards
Evaluate
Resources
Conduct
Drills &
Exercises
Develop
Emergency Plan
& Procedure
Educate the
public
Conduct
Training
Integrate with
community plan
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Review of the Workplace Hazards
•Existing hazards
•Types of potential hazards
•Number of people or things exposed to the
hazard and its adverse consequences
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
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6. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 6
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Evaluate Resources
Material Resources
Equipment
Supplies
Human Resources
Staff Expertise
Staff Training
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Develop Emergency Plan and Procedures
•Properly document all emergency procedures in a
manual or booklet
•Identify prospective members of emergency
brigades
•Fire brigade
•Disaster control
•Give specialized training to members of emergency
brigades
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
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7. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 7
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Conduct Training on:
Information on Different Types of Emergencies
Good Housekeeping and 5S
Fire Prevention and Control Methods
Different Types of Portable Fire Extinguisher
Hazardous Materials Characteristics
Risk Assessment
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Conduct Drills and Exercises on:
Emergency Reporting Procedures
Fire Hose and Nozzle Use
Fire Fighting Drill using Portable Fire Extinguisher
Proper First Aid Response
Evacuation Drills
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
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8. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 8
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Educate the Public
•To make neighboring companies know of
the facility’s effort to ensure safety
•To protect the public during emergencies
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Integrate with Community Plan
•Community officials should be involved in the
company’s emergency planning process and that
the company be involved in local planning
ELEMENTS
Emergency Preparedness Program
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9. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 9
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Preparing for
Common Emergencies
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Develop an Emergency Plan
Identify all exits, stairways and existing floor plans of the work area. Also identify the
location of all fire extinguishers, pull stations and any other fire adjunct alarms and fire
suppression equipment.
Be sure that all emergency phone numbers are clearly listed and are readily available
next to telephone.
Report all potentially hazardous conditions to your supervisor immediately. Especially
focus on conditions or materials, which, in the event of an emergency, might block
evacuation routes or in some manner further contribute to the emergency.
Do not block or wedge any stairwell doors in the open position at any time.
Establish a meeting point or safe refuge area away from the building and other
hazards such as overhead power lines
Assign someone the responsibility of accounting for all employees in the event of an
emergency.
Identify First Aid Attendants. Inform and train all personnel on the established and
agreed upon means of reporting a medical emergency.
Test your plan to make sure that it works.
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10. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 10
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
In Case of Fire …
Activate appropriate alarms.
Stay calm and do not panic. Alert others in your area.
Evacuate as directed by your supervisor to your designated evacuation area. Walk, do
not run. Remain in the evacuation area until the supervisor has accounted for everyone
and you have been instructed otherwise.
Never use an elevator during a fire. Always use the stairwell.
If there is smoke in the room, stay low (the air is cooler and cleaner closer to the floor);
hold a wet clothe over your mouth and nose; and only break windows as a last resort.
If a door is hot, do not open it. Use an alternate door if one is available and safe to use.
If an alternate door is not available, contact someone (if possible) and give them your
exact location.
Close all doors as you leave. Do not lock them.
If trained to use a fire extinguisher, and the fire is in the incipient stage, you may
attempt to extinguish the fire. Remember that your own safety is of primary concern.
Never attempt to put out a fire alone.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Before an Earthquake
Store heavy objects near ground or floor.
Secure tall objects, like bookcases to the wall.
Learn where your exits, evacuation route, and meeting
places are.
Keep emergency items , such as a flashlight, first aid kit
and spare clothes in your car or office.
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11. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 11
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
In Case of Earthquake …
•Duck under something sturdy and cover your head.
•Stay away from windows and objects which may fall on you.
•Do not dash for stairway exits. Do not use elevators.
•If you are inside a building, remain inside until directed otherwise.
•Do not be surprised if the electricity goes out. This is common during an earthquake.
•If an evacuation is necessary, follow the established routes and procedures.
•If you are outside, stay in an open area, which is clear from hazards. When the
shaking stops, do not re-enter any building.
•Workers shall remain in the safe refuge area until they have been directed by the
appropriate authority to leave the safe refuge area or to return to their workplace
After an earthquake –
•Be prepared for aftershocks. Do not panic, stay calm.
•Check for injured persons and assist as necessary.
•If indoors, your supervisor may initiate an evacuation.
•Replace the telephone hand set if it has fallen off the hook. Use telephones for
emergency calls only.
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12. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 12
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
In Case of a Chemical Spill …
Stay clear of the spill and warn others in the immediate area of the
emergency and potential danger.
If persons are injured, provide first aid if you or another available individual
are trained to do so. However, do not put yourself at risk.
Assess the situation and determine if it’s an emergency. If it is an
emergency, then activate appropriate alarms.
Get appropriate Safety Data Safety Sheet (SDS) and have it available for the
responders.
If an evacuation is required, evacuate as directed by your supervisor to your
designated evacuation area. Walk, do not run. Remain in the evacuation area
until the supervisor has accounted for everyone and you have been instructed
otherwise.
Do not re-enter the building until the emergency response team leader has
deemed it safe and supervisory personnel have given permission to go back
into the facility.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
In Case of Severe Weather …
Monitor the local government weather service for announcements including
warnings and any other information provided by officials, such as the
appropriate actions in the event of an emergency.
Learn the history of flooding in your area. If possible, strive to know the
elevation of your facility in relation to streams, rivers, and dams.
Inspect areas in your facility subject to flooding. Identify records and
equipment that can be moved to higher location. Make plans to move records
and equipment in case of flood
Identify the community's evacuation routes. Know where to find higher
ground in case of a flood. Be prepared to evacuate to designated safe areas.
Keep a portable radio, flashlights, whistle, spare batteries and other
emergency supplies ready.
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13. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 13
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
If a Flood Occurs …
If you are inside, turn off main electrical power.
Follow the established evacuation procedures for the facility. Make plans
for assisting employees who may need transportation.
If you are outside, never attempt to walk across a flooded area. The water
could sweep you away.
If you are in your car, do not try to drive through flood waters. If your car
stalls in rising water, abandon it.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Office Emergency Kit Essentials
Bottled water
Canned food, waterproof packages of food
rations, and/or energy bars, enough to last each
person 3 days.
Manual can opener
Bottle opener
First aid kit
Sanitary napkins
Portable bags, such as backpacks or duffle
bags in which to store supplies.
Whistle
Emergency blankets
Garbage bags to be used as ponchos, ground
cover or blankets.
Toilet paper
Waterproof matches and/or lighter. Do not
use either if you smell gas.
Glow sticks
Basic utensils

Swiss Army knife
Plastic plates and cups
Dust masks
Work gloves
A wrench
List of local emergency centres.
Water purification chemicals and/or a small
container of bleach with an eye dropper.
Flashlight with batteries.
Radio with batteries.
Extra batteries in waterproof bag (be sure to
replace batteries periodically).
A map of the region.
Fire extinguisher
Pencil and paper in waterproof bag.
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14. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 14
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Review
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Review questions
1.Enumerate the elements of a workplace
emergency plan.
2.____________ serious situation or
occurrence that demands immediate action.
3._____________ is the result of a calamitous
event causing massive death, injury or
damage.
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15. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 15
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Every workplace has to prepare for different types of
emergencies that may happen.
The emergency preparedness program has to be
communicated to all.
Conduct of fire drill should be at least twice a year.
CLEAR POINTS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
FIRE BRIGADE CONCEPT AND
ORGANIZATION
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16. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 16
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
DIVISION 2. ORGANIZATION OF FIRE BRIGADES
SECTION 6.0.2.1 REQUIREMENTS
A.Allbusinessestablishmentsemployingatleastfifty(50)personsshall,in
additiontotherequirementssetforthunderSection7ofRA9514forthegrantofFire
SafetyInspectionCertificate(FSIC),establishanorganizationoffirebrigadetodealwith
fireandotherrelatedemergencies.Theheadofthe
company,throughitsdulydesignatedsafetyofficershallevaluatethe
potentialmagnitudeofafireemergencywithinthecompany,andthe
availabilityoffirefightingassistancefromtheBFPtodeterminethenatureof
theorganizationtobeestablished.
B.Forbuildingshavingvariousoccupancies,theBuildingAdministratorand/orowner
shallinitiatetheorganizationofafirebrigadeinthepremises
irrespectiveofthenumberofoccupants.
C.Incaseswhereafirebrigadeisalreadyestablishedforabuilding,saidfire
brigadeshallbesufficienttocomplywiththerequirementsofpara“A”ofthis
Section.
D.AllbarangaysshalllikewiseendeavortoorganizetheirownFireBrigades.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
FIRE BRIGADE CONCEPT AND
ORGANIZATION
Fire Marshall
Deputy Fire Marshall
Evacuation
Group
First Aid
Group
Fire Fighting
Group
Security and
Communications
Group
Search & Rescue
Group
Fire Captain
Asst. Fire Captain
Fire Extinguisher
Handler
Fire Hose
Handler
Evacuation
Guide
Fire Exit
Guard
First Aid Man
Nurse
OSHS Rule 1948.02 (Item 1)
Every place of employment
depending on the magnitude of
potential fires and the availability
of assistance from the public fire
department shall organize a fire
brigade to dealwith fires and
other related emergencies.
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17. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 17
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
•To enable the building head to conduct an effective fire safety
program;
•To provide the organization by how the occupants can combat
fires, evacuate the building and prevent damage to lives and
properties;
•To provide the building with the means by which a safety
consciousness among the building occupants and the
community of certain buildings;
•To establish the necessary support and cooperation in the fire
prevention and suppression.
Objectives of the Fire Brigade
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Evacuation Drill
Purpose
•To familiarize, train and rehearse the
occupants with evacuation procedures so that
order and control is maintained in actual
emergency.
•To determine if emergency escape facilities
are sufficient for orderly evacuation of all
occupants.
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18. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 18
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
•When you hear an alarm, stop work activities and prepare to
evacuate as directed by your supervisor.
• Proceed promptly to the nearest emergency exit. Walk quickly,
but do not run.
• Do not use elevators, instead use stairways to reach ground
level.
• Exit the building and proceed directly to the designated safe
assembly area. Safe assembly areas should generally be away
from the building, upwind and out of the way of incoming
emergency personnel.
Note: During an earthquake, remain in the building until directed
to do otherwise.
General Evacuation Procedures
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Cont…. General Evacuation Procedures
•Remain in the safe assembly area location so that the
supervisory personnel may conduct a survey to account for
all building personnel. Do not disperse or move to other
assembly locations.
•Do not re-enter the building until the emergency response
team leader has deemed it safe and supervisory personnel
have given permission to go back into the facility.
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19. BOSH for SO1
Attribution/Author: Occupational Safety and Health Center 19
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Firefighting Decision Criteria
If in doubt,
evacuate!
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