Endangered fish species of the world and India by B.pdf

Introduction to IUCN red listed species group of animal taxon species, major red listed endangered species of the world, marine, fresh water and brackish water fish species of the India
Protected under wild life act,1972.

1. Major Fish Species of the World with special focus on
India under IUCN Red list Endangered & Threatened
categories
By:
BHUKYA BHASKAR
Fisheries

2. Introduction (ref: https://www.iucnredlist.org/)
•IUCNRedListCategoriesandCriteriaareintendedtobeaneasilyandwidely
understoodsystemforclassifyingspeciesathighriskofglobalextinction.It
dividesspeciesintoninecategories:NotEvaluated,DataDeficient,Least
Concern,NearThreatened,Vulnerable,Endangered,Critically
Endangered,ExtinctintheWildandExtinct.
•Morethan45,300speciesarethreatenedwithextinction
•Thatisstill28%ofallassessedspecies(Amphibians-41%;Mammals-26%;
Conifers-34%;Birds-12%;Sharks&Rays-37%;Reefcorals-36%;Selected
Crustaceans-28%;reptiles-21%;Cycads-71%).
•Since1970,globalpopulationsofmarinespeciesutilizedbyhumanshavehalved,
withsomeofthemostimportantspeciesexperiencingevengreaterdeclines.
•Thereareover400knownendangeredmarinespecieslinkedtohuman
consumptionofseafood.Withmindfulsourcing,youcanhelpprotectthemfor
thefuture.
•InIndiaabout120ThreatenedfreshwaterfishspeciesreportedinIndia(NBFGR).

3. Cont…
•ConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpeciesofFloraandFauna,or
CITES,isaglobalagreementbetweengovernmentstofollowrulestomonitor,
regulateorbaninternationaltradeinspeciesunderthreat.
•SpecieslistedunderCITESarecategorizedintothreedifferentlevelsof
protection.
•Tolearnmore,visitwww.cites.org,andtosearchCITES-listedspecies,visit
www.speciesplus.net.
•AppendixIincludestheworld’smostendangeredplantsandanimals.
Commercialtradeinthesespecies,orproductsofthesespecies,isbanned.
•AppendixIIincludesplantsandanimalsthatarenotyetthreatenedwith
extinctionbutcouldbecomethreatenediftradeweretocontinuewithout
regulation.Commercialtradeinthesespecies,orproductsofthesespecies,is
allowed,butissubjecttorestriction

4. Name of species Image of species Why It’s Endangered; Threatened status
Black abalone Haliotiscracherodii
Northern abalone Haliotis
kamtschatkana
Overfishing, disease, reduced kelp abundance,
and competition with sea urchins are the main
threats to wild abalone populations. Abalone
are also targeted for their shells which are
often sold as decorative items and as a source
of mother of pearl
Atlantic bluefintuna Thunnusthynnus
Pacific bluefintuna Thunnusorientalis
Southern bluefintuna Thunnusmaccoyii
Overfishing is the primary threat to bluefin
tuna populations. Effective conservation and
management of highly migratory species like
bluefintuna require international cooperation
as well as strong domestic management.
bluefin’sSBB is estimated to have declined by
more than 80% globally since the 1970s
Queen conch Strombusgigas Queen conch is listed on CITES Appendix II,
meaning the commercial trade of the species is
subject to trade restrictions. Queen conch can
also be found on regional red lists, as well as
being completely banned from being fished or
sold in some regions

5. American eel Anguilla rostrataEuropean
eel Anguilla anguillaJapanese eel
Anguilla japonica
EuropeaneelislistedonCITESAppendix
II,meaningthecommercialtradeofthe
speciesissubjecttotraderestrictions.
Europolestimates100metrictonsof
juvenilefreshwatereels,equivalentto
about350millionfish,areillegally
traffickedfromEuropetoAsiaannually
Atlanticgoliathgrouper(GulfofMexico)
EpinephelusitajaraDuskygrouper
(Europe&Mediterranean)Epinephelus
marginatusGiantseabassStereolepis
gigasGulfgrouperMycteropercajordani
HongKonggrouperEpinephelusakaara
NassaugrouperEpinephelusstriatus
Overfishing,particularlywhenspecies
aggregateinlargenumberstospawn,is
theprimarythreattomostgrouper
populations.Habitatdegradation,
climatechange,anddisplacementby
invasivespeciesarealsoidentifiedas
significantthreats
BlackteatfishHolothurianobilis&
HolothuriawhitmaeiBrownsea
cucumberIsostichopusfuscusGolden
sandfishHolothurialessoniJapanese
spikyseacucumberApostichopus
japonicusPricklyredfishThelenota
ananasSandfishHolothuriascabra
Therapidexpansionofseacucumber
fisherieshascausedoverfishingto
becomethelargestthreattosea
cucumberpopulations.Lowoxygen
zonesincoastalregionsduetopollution
runoffandotherfactorsalsocontributes
topopulationloss.
Nearly40speciesofsharkarecurrently
indangerorthreatenedwithextinction.
Whale sharks, basking sharks, great
white sharks, porbeaglesharks, thresher

6. Nearly 40 species of skate and ray are
currently in danger or threatened with
extinction. Due to the high volume of at-
risk species of skate and ray, please see
the appendix for a full list of species to
avoid.
Most commercially available species of
ray are listed on CITES Appendix II,
meaning the commercial trade of the
species is subject to trade restrictions.
At least 20% of all species of skates and
rays are in danger of extinction
Nearly 20 species of sturgeon are
currently in danger or threatened with
extinction. Due to the high volume of at-
risk species of sturgeon, please see the
appendix for a full list of species to avoid.
Atlantic and shortnosesturgeon are
listed on CITES Appendix I, meaning it is
illegal to trade the species commercially.
All Acipenserspecies of sturgeon are
listed on CITES Appendix II, meaning the
commercial trade of the species is
subject to trade restrictions
TotoabaTotoabamacdonaldi Totoabais listed on CITES Appendix I,
meaning it is illegal to trade the species
commercially.
Ref: WWF’s recommendations for at-risk marine life in seafood supply chains –2019

7. APPENDIX (Fish species)

8. Cont…

9. List of fresh water fish species under threatened categories in India

13. Fish species under Wild life protection act, 1972
Schedule-I, part2(A) fishes