Energy Audit report

Report on complete energy audit of shri guru gobind singhji institute of engineering and technology Nanded.

1. “In Pursuit of Global Competitiveness”

SHRI GURU GOBIND SINGHJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, NANDED (M.S)
(2018-2019)



DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING



ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS


Final Report







APRIL, 2019

2. This report has been prepared by:


Rushikesh Porate Pankaj Nichat
Avishkar Salunke Gaurav Band
Parag Gaikwad Prasad Thote
Arti Lonale Jainish Singh
Reshma Rathod Aniruddh Pingle


With the support and cooperation of the following students of the
Department of Electrical Engineering.

Abhijit Ade Gunjan Korde
Kishor Gaikwad Basveshwar Bhure
Govind Nagargoje Ajeet Kaur Randhawa
Bharti Patil Swapnil Nawgire
Shivraj Punjare Swapnil Metkar
Rushikesh Chede Suhas Ghangare
Shubam Parekar Dikshant Kale



Under The Guidance Of

Prof. B. D. Choudhary

As a part of the course work for the subject EE312: MiniProject & Seminar

Course co-ordinator

Prof. G. R. Barse Prof. A. M. Khandelote

3. ACKNOWLEDGMENT


We express our sincere gratitude to Prof. B. D. Choudhary, Dept. electrical
engineering of for his stimulating guidance, continuous encouragement and supervision
throughout the course of present work.
We would like to place on record our deep sense of gratitude to Dr. R. V.
SARWADNYA head of department of ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING for her
generous guidance, help and useful suggestions
We are extremely thankful to Dr. Y. V. JOSHI, Director, for providing us
infrastructural facilities to work in, without which this work would not have been
possible.
Lastly, we would like to thank all our friends and library staff members whose
encouragement and suggestion helped us to complete our seminar. We are also thankful
to all those persons, who have contributed directly or indirectly in the completion of this
project.

Thank you!

4. DECLARATION



We hereby declare that we have formed, completed and written the Report entitled
“ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS”. It has not previously submitted for the basis of
the award of any degree or diploma or other similar title of this for any other diploma/examining body
or university.






Place:


Date:

5. ABSTRACT


An energy audit is a study of a plant or facility to determine how and where
energy is used and to identify methods for energy savings. There is now a universal
recognition of the fact that new technologies and much greater use of some that already
exist provide the most hopeful prospects for the future. The opportunities lie in the use
of existing renewable energy technologies, greater efforts at energy efficiency and the
dissemination of these technologies and options.

This energy audit of “SHRI GURU GOBIND SINGHJI INSTITUDE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY ” college area was carried out by the students
of the Department Electrical Engineering as a part of the course work. This report is just
one step, a mere mile marker towards our destination of achieving energy efficiency and
we would like to emphasise that an energy audit is a continuous process. We have
compiled a list of possible actions to conserve and efficiently utilize our scarce resources
and identified their savings potential. The next step would be to prioritize their
implementation. We look forward with optimism that the institute authorities, staff and
students shall ensure the maximum execution of the recommendations and the success
of this work.

To all of you, we hope that the ideas and pages that follow will give as much
enjoyment and challenge as they have given us in their development, synthesis and
writing. Any suggestions to further enhance the quality of this work are always
welcome.

6. INDEX
Page no.
1. Introduction
1.1 Objective of the energy audit 1
1.2 SGGS present energy scenario 1
1.3 Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) 3
1.4 Segmentation 3
2. Energy Audit
2.1. Energy Audit and Methodology 4
2.2. Grouping and strategy 4
3. Quantification by end use
3.1. Electricity use in Departments, library, main building 5
4.3. Computers/Printers 7
3.2. Hostel and Mess 8
4. Measurements performed
4.1. Room air conditioners 10
4.2. Fan loads 11
5. Benchmarking
5.1. Energy performance of various departments 14
5.2. Per unit area energy consumption 15
5.3. Per capita energy consumption for departments 15
5.4. ECBC standards and comparisons 16
6. Energy conservation and efficiency
6.1. Implementation measures 17
6.2. Energy management structure 18
Appendix A – List of instruments used 19
Appendix B – Distribution of loads 20
Appendix C- Calculations for Solar Water Heating Systems in hostels 22
Appendix D – Calculations for power savings in computers 23
Appendix E – General recommendations 25
Bibliography and websites 27

7. List of Figures

1.
1.1 Recorded monthly peak demands at SGGSIE&T, Nanded during the year 2018
1.2 Monthly Energy consumption at SGGSIE&T, Nanded during the year 2018
3.
3.1 Distribution of Connected load (component wise)
3.2 Distribution of Energy Consumption (component wise)
4.
4.1.1 A.C. load curve for a day without the energy saver mode for A.C.
4.1.2 A.C. load curve for a day with the energy saver mode for A.C.
5.
5.1 Total energy consumption of different departments
5.2 Per unit area energy consumption
5.3 Per capita energy consumption for departments



List of Tables

1.1 Time of Day Tariff as per MSEDCL Tariff Order for HT-I category
3.1 AC loads in various departments
3.2.1 Computers and printers in departments and Main Building
3.2.2 Distribution of connected load in hostels (excluding computers)
4.1.3 Energy saver achieved by installing energy saver for 1.5 A.C.
4.1.4 Sample readings taken in EE1 classroom of electrical department
5.4 ECBC recommended levels for lighting power density
6.1 Implementation Measures
E.1 Present annual energy consumption for computer monitors on campus
E.2: Present annual energy consumption for CPUs
E.3: Annual energy consumption for all computers with recommended power Settings

8. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

1 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
1. INTRODUCTION

Established in 1981, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering
and Technology (SGGSIET), Nanded, is one of the promising leader institutions
in technical education, research and technology transfer. It is having neat, clean and
green campus spread over land of 46 acres. The institute offers 10 undergraduate
and 10 postgraduate programs. The Institute has two buildings for boys’ hostel to
accommodate 600 students and three buildings for girls’ hostel to accommodate 618
girls. In addition to this, institute provides family accommodation to full time Ph.D.
students, guest rooms, medical attention and hygienic food courts and mess. Institute
library has separate two storied block of 12400 Sq. ft. surrounded by lush green area.
Institute provides the common facilities like Auditorium, Open Air Theater,
Departmental stores, and canteens on campus. The campus is having round the clock
security, uninterrupted power supply, High Speed internet with Wi-Fi Connectivity
throughout the campus.
1.1 Energy audit objective

The aim of the energy audit is to obtain a detailed idea about the various end
use energy consumption activities and identifying, enumerating and evaluating the
possible energy saving opportunities. The target is to achieve savings in the electrical
energy consumption. The audit was also aimed at giving the students a feel of the
practical problems and difficulties in carrying out the energy audit. As energy
engineers, the students of the department enthusiastically participated in the
endeavour.

1.2 SGGS present energy scenario
The SGGSIE&T, Nanded has a consumption of electrical load is 80,345 Units
as on Feb-2019.The monthly recorded peak demand for the year 2018 is given in
Fig.1.1. The SGGSIE&T, Nanded energy bill for the month of Feb-2019 was Rs.
8.63 Lakhs. The electricity bill comprises two parts: one related to the energy
consumed (per kWh or per unit energy consumed) and the other is the maximum
demand charge (per kVA of maximum demand during the month). There also exists
a penalty for low power factor. Furthermore, the energy charge includes a
component based on time of use. The Time of Day (TOD) tariff as per the MSEDCL
(Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd.) The existing tariff rate
is Rs. 350/kVA for maximum demand and Rs. 7.7 /kWh on an average.

9. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

2 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
The maximum demand in Feb-2019 was 291 kVA and corresponding
power factor was 0.99. The energy charges during the month were Rs. 7.7 per
unit for industrial use, Rs. 5.73 per unit. For residential users and Rs. 7.7 per
unit. For commercial activities. The average power factor for the year 2019 was
0.990 which was achieved by means of power factor correction
units.

Fig. 1.1: Recorded monthly peak demands at SGGSIE&T, Nanded during the year 2018


Fig. 1.2: Monthly Energy consumption at SGGSIE&T, Nanded during the year 2018

291285
349
388383
294
353359
372
365
291291
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNEJULAUG SEPOCTNOVDEC
MAX DEMAND IN KVA
MONTHS
KVA DEMAND OF 2018
8342082195
113880
121775
115640
95685
106105
108595108850
125325
70015
80045
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNEJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDEC
MAX DEMAND IN KVA
SGGSIE&T,NANDED ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF 2018

10. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

3 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS


Table 1.1 Time of Day Tariff as per MSEDCL Tariff Order for HT-I category
(FEBRURAY 2019)
TOD tariffs Rate(Rs/unit) Units Demand Charges Rs.
0000Hrs-0600Hrs&
22000Hrs-2400Hrs
-1.50 18,335 141.00 -27,502.50
0600Hrs-0900Hrs &
1200Hrs-1800Hrs
0.00 38,000 287.00 0.00
0900Hrs-1200Hrs 0.80 14,470 270.00 11,576.00
1800Hrs-2200Hrs 1.10 15,540 187.00 17,094.00


1.3Specific Energy Consumption (SEC)

The Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) is defined as the energy consumption per
unit of product output. The specific energy consumption considering students, faculty and
Staff members were calculated which forms the institute SEC and was taken as reference
for comparison. The SEC was calculated to be 302 KWh/person/annum (for 2019) for
the academic area and Rs 2323 per person per annum.




1.4 Segmentation

This energy audit report has segmented the energy consumption patterns both by
departments/ hostels/ offices and by end use activities (lighting, cooling, pumping,
washing etc.). The details are provided in the subsequent chapters.

11. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

4 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
2. ENERGY AUDIT

2.1 Energy audit methodology

The methodology adopted for this audit was
 Formation of audit groups for specific areas and end use
 Visual inspection and data collection
 Observations on the general condition of the facility and equipment and
quantification
 Identification / verification of energy consumption and other parameters by
measurements
 Detailed calculations, analyses and assumptions
 Validation
 Potential energy saving opportunities
 Implementation
As a first step in this regard, 9 teams of total 24 students from the department were
formed and each group was assigned a particular area or application of energy in the
campus. The activity was organized as a Graded Course Project for the course EE312
(MiniProject & Seminar) during Dec-May 2019.

2.2 Grouping and strategy

The following groups were formed with specific target areas and end uses assigned.

Group 1: Energy Audit of Instrumentation and Administrative Building.
Group 2: Energy Audit of Electronics and Complex Buildings.
Group 3: Energy Audit of Mechanical and Chemical Departments.
Group 4: Energy Audit of Computer Sciences and Information Technology Departments.
Group 5: Energy Audit of Production Building.
Group 6: Energy Audit of Textile Building.
Group 7: Energy Audit of Girls Hostel.
Group 8: Energy Audit of Nandgiri Boys Hostel.
Group 9: Energy Audit of Sports Arena.

12. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

5 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
3. QUANTIFICATION BY END USE

The loads were segregated based on the end use as lighting and fans,
air conditioning, Computer/printers, water pumping, hostel mess cooking
loads, washing machines and irons. Quantification, types and necessary
measurements were carried out. The details are given here.




9%
8%
53%
21%
9%
Distribution of Connected Load
Cooling load
Lighting load
Air conditioning
Computer
Other load
12%
14%
48%
19%
7%
Distribution of energy consumption
Cooling load
Lighting load
Air conditioning
Computer
Other load

Type of load KW
Cooling load 123.12
Lighting load 105.69
Air conditioning 721
Computer 286
Other load 131.41
Total KW 1367.22
Type of load kwh
Cooling load 17729.28
Lighting load 20292.48
Air
conditioning 69216
Computer 27456
Other load 9461.52
Total Kwh 144155.28

13. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

6 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
3.1 Electricity use in departments, library, main building
3.1.1 Lighting and fans
The Institute has about 2091 Fluorescent tube lights in different departments
and labs. Out of which about 1091 tube lights are fitted with electronic ballast and
rest are with electromagnetic ballast. The Institute is having 1435 fans in different
departments and labs. Out of which about 780 fans are fitted with resistance type
regulator and rest are with electronic regulator. The library and Main Building
together have a total of 323 lights and 265 fans (including table fans and exhaust
fans). The total lighting load from the above is 105.69 kW and the connected fan
load is 861 kW

3.1.2 Air Conditioners

On using the rated capacity details supplied by the manufacturers, the total
room AC load is about 1.991 or 2 MW.

AC Loads in various departments
Dept./capacity 1 ton 1.5 ton 2 ton 3 ton
Admin building 0 12 0 4
Electrical Dept. 0 0 0 2
Instrumentation Dept. 0 0 0 2
Electronics Dept. 17 4 2 16
Civil Dept. 3 0 0 0
Textile Dept. 0 0 0 3
Mechanical Dept. 0 5 0 0
Computer Science Dept. 0 0 10 4
I.T Dept. 0 4 0 0
Chemical Dept. 0 1 0 0
Production Dept. 0 7 0 0
Sports Complex 0 6 0 0
Girls hostel & Boys Hostel(except Sahyadri) 0 0 0 0
Complex halls 0 0 0 4
Total 20 39 12 35

14. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

7 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
The kW/ton based on the rated values was found to be 1.375. As air
conditioning load is about 50% of the campus contract demand, any savings
achieved in this field would be significantly important. The tonnage of AC per unit
of total area for different departments is shown below fig. wide variation in the
values can be seen in this plot, but the numbers of labs in the department which are
air conditioned have a clear influence on this.

3.1.3 Computers/printers
Their energy consumption is second only to office lighting. It is estimated that
a power managed computer consumes less than half the energy of a computer
without power management.
The total number of computers and printers in different departments in the
campus is as shown below. The computers in hostels and residential area are not
included here.


Computers and printers in departments and Main Building
Sr.No Dept./Building Computers printers
1 Admin building 222 8
2 Electrical Dept. 52 4
3 Instrumentation Dept. 47 11
4 Electronics Dept. 316 6
5 Civil Dept. 41 5
6 Textile Dept. 33 7
7 Mechanical Dept. 110 4
8 Computer Science Dept. 217 5
9 I.T Dept. 185 4
10 Chemical Dept. 34 3
11 Production Dept. 36 5
12 Innovative lab 6 4
13 Girls hostel & Boys hostel 0 0
14 Complex halls 0 0
15 EMC section 1 0
Total 1300 66

Thus there are a total of about 1300 computers and about 66 printers in the
departments.

15. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

8 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS

3.2 Hostel and Mess

There are total 5 hostels in SGGSIE &T. Out of which 2 are girl’s hostel
namely Krishna and Godavari. Here, the personal computers or laptops of individual
students in their rooms or in hostel computer rooms are not included.

Distribution of connected load in hostels (excluding computers)
Table 1.
Hostel Load Numbers Working
hours
Power
factor

Wattage Units




Godavari
Tube light 104 13 0.6 27 1095
Fan 52 21 0.8 80 2620
LED 34 13 0.5 11 145
Water cooler 2 12 0.78 800 576
Geyser 4 6 2000 1440
Induction 2 4 0.9 1100 264
Water
heater
15 3 1 1870 2524
Washing
machine
4 7 0.6 420 352
CFL bulb 36 12 0.6 8 104
Total units 9118

16. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

9 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
Table 2.
Hostel Load Numbers Working
hours
Power
factor
Wattage

Units



Krishna
Tube light 284 13 0.6 27 2990
Fan 90 21 0.8 80 4536
LED 74 10 0.5 11 245
Induction 15 5 0.9 1100 1485
Water heater 45 3 0.9 1870 7574
Washing
machine
4 5 0.6 420 252
CFL bulb 94 12 0.6 8 271
Total units 17353
Table 3.
Load Numbers Working
hours
Power factor Wattage Units


Mess
Tube light 50 7 0.6 27 284
Fan 25 7 0.8 80 420
Water cooler 4 20 0.78 800 1920
Oven 1 1 0.9 1850 56
Fridge 2 24 0.57 410 590
Total units 3270
Table 4.
Connected Electrical
Load (kW)
LPG Usage
per day (kg)
Food Wastage
per day (kg)
Hostel mess 109 34 10.5

17. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

10 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
4. MEASUREMENTS PERFORMED
4.1 Room air conditioners
We have typically done the measurements for 1.5ton A.C. by both
with energy saver mode and without energy saver mode for which we have
decided to carried out this measurements for 60 hrs, with reference to energy
audit report of IIT, Powai.

(Fig: A.C. load curve for a day without the energy saver mode for A.C.)

(Fig: A.C. load curve for a day with the energy saver mode for A.C.)

18. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

11 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
Table-Energy saver achieved by installing energy saver for 1.5 ton A.C.
Time hrs. Energy consumed
without saver (in
watt hrs)
Energy consumed
with saver installed
(in watt hrs)
% savings
1000-1100 2532 1368 46
1140-1230 1886 1086 42.4
1250-1310 372 334 10.2
1340-1430 1900 1050 44.7
1530-1650 1650 1544 41.7
Whole working
day(7.5 hrs)
14880 8887 40.3

(Table: Energy saver achieved by installing energy saver for 1.5 ton A.C.)
Thus savings of the order of 35-40% was seen when the energy saver was fitted
with some deterioration in comfort conditions. It can be inferred that the apparatus
provides better savings when used for oversized ACs with a higher duty cycle
4.2 Fans Loads
From the power consumption of ceiling fans with resistance and
electromagnetic regulators, it was seen that the latter consumes less power at
lower speeds of the fan.
Sample readings taken in EE1 classroom of Electrical department
Ceiling Fan Resistance Regulator
Fans peed V(volts) I(amp) P(watts) P.F.
1 220.2 0.34 38 0.69
2 221.5 0.36 44 0.71
3 220.8 0.38 47 0.76
4 223.2 0.41 54 0.78
ON 225 0.45 60 0.87

19. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

12 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS

Ceiling Fan Electromagnetic Regulator
Fan peed V(volts) I(amps) P(watts) P.F.
1 233.8 0.26 13 0.36
2 233.86 0.33 43 0.68
3 233.1 0.36 54 0.89
ON 233.4 0.41 58 0.996

4.3 Computers/Printers
The power consumed by the computer and printers under working
operation are shown below:
Load Numbers Power factor wattage
Computer 1300 0.7 240
Printer 54 0.75 50

20. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

13 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS

5. BENCHMARKING
Energy benchmarking involves the development of quantitative and
qualitative indicators through the collection and analysis of energy-related
data and energy management practices. Benchmarking in simplistic terms is
the process of comparing the performance of a given process with that of the
best possible process and to try to improve the standard of the process to
improve quality of the system, product, services etc. It allows organizations
to develop plans on how to adopt such best practices, usually with the aim of
increasing some aspect of performance. Benchmarking may be a one-off
event, but is often treated as a continuous process in which organizations
continually seek to challenge their practices. Benchmarking is a method which
should be used on a continual basis as best practices are always evolving.
Benchmarking of energy consumption is a powerful tool for
performance assessment and logical evolution of avenues for improvement.
Historical data, well documented, helps to bring out energy consumption and
cost trends month-wise / daily. Trend analysis of energy consumption, cost,
relevant production features, specific energy consumption, help to understand
effects of capacity utilization on energy use efficiency and costs on a broader
scale. The basis for benchmarking the energy consumption at SGGSIE&T is
energy consumed per person (includes teaching staff and students). The
benchmarking parameters here are,
• Departmental energy performance
• KWh consumed per sq.m of area
• KWh consumed per capita

21. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

14 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS

5.1 Departmental energy performance
The details of the annual energy consumption in various departments
are as shown below, for normalizing, the Institute average of 7423
kWh/month is taken as the denominator.


5.2 Per unit area energy consumption
The energy consumption per sq. m for each department is determined
and it is normalized with respect to average value of per sq. m energy
consumption of the institute, which was set as the basis. For normalizing, the
Institute average of 38.85 kWh/sq.m/year is taken as the denominator.
11000
2215
5580
32000
4025
7000
43643665
51894492
15900
6180
25879
3360
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
Energy Consumption FEB-2019

22. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

15 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS


5.3 Per capita energy consumption for departments
The per capita (student + faculty) consumption for each department is
determined and it is normalized with respect to the average value of the per
capita consumption for the institute. Basis for 2018: 302 kWh/person/year

105.47
32.208
34.97
40.814
69.412
20.756
34.96
42.76
32.9433.34
27.83
35.165
29.42727.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
PER SQ.METER ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Consumption
460.76
305
254.069
238.81
155.68
280.5273.105
343.855
199.56
307.46
226.64
409.35
173.66
114.28
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
Cosumption

23. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

16 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS


5.4 ECBC Standards and comparison
As per the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) – 2006,
published by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), Govt. of India, the
recommended levels of lighting power density are as given below in Table 1.











Table 5.4: ECBC recommended levels for lighting power density

24. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

17 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
6. ENERGY CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENCY
6.1 Implementation Measures
N0. Recommended
Measure
Energy
savings
per year
Savings in
Rs. Per
year
Capital
Investment
in Rs.
Simple
Pay
Back
Period
1 Replacing
Electromagnetic
ballast by 28W
Electronic ballast in
FTL
25137
unit
1.93 lakhs 2.07 lakhs 24
months
2 Replacing 28W
FTLs of Admin
Corridors by 14W
LEDs
3427.2
unit
26390 Rs. 13600 Rs. 5–6
months
3 Installing Aircon
energy savers for 1.5
Ton ACs with a
higher duty cycle
(> 8 hrs./day)
44640
unit
3.44 lakhs 1.77 lakhs 6
months
4 If 3 Ton AC users can
be made to switch of
the ACs 15 mins.
Prior to leaving the
office.
24570
unit
1.9 lakhs nil nil
5 Solar water heater for
Godavari & Nandgiri
hostel
[For calculations, refer
Appendix C]
6000 unit 4.62 lakhs 16 lakhs 3.46
years
6 Adopting a normal
energy saving power
setting for computers
[For calculations,
refer Appendix D]
20723
unit
1.6 Lakhs nil nil
Total savings 124500
unit
13.76
lakhs

25. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

18 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS

6.2 Energy Management Structure

In order to streamline the use of energy in the SGGS campus and to ensure its
efficient utilization, we propose three possible energy management structures. A
final decision on the type of energy management structure suitable for the institute
should be taken by the Institute management.

 Appointment of an Energy Manage for the institute, with suitable
experience and a proven track record. The person shall be responsible for the
day to day energy conservation activities. New staff should be allotted to the
Energy Manager or some staff members from Electrical Maintenance Section
be made responsible to him/her. An annual review of the energy performance
of the institute is to be performed and a certain percentage of the quantified
savings be shared with the Energy Manager.

 The Junior Engineer (Electrical) should himself take over the responsibility
of ensuring efficient energy use on the campus. This will ensure prompt
implementation of measures. This system may also require additional staff. A
performance related incentive in the form of a bonus can be provided to the
Electrical Maintenance staff based on savings achieved.

 Formation of an Institute level committee headed by the Director to review
the implementation of energy conservation measures. All departments and
section heads should submit a bi-annual report of compliance for review and
action. Sections/ departments not achieving savings to be penalized and
suitable incentives may be given to the performing departments. An annual
review of the implementation of the energy saving measures should be taken
up and performance should be monitored. A report of the same should be sent
to the Director. Electrical energy consumption should be made a subject in the
Institute budget with separate heads for departments and hostels. Energy
performance can be a basis for providing incentives to hostels and
departments.

An annual review of the implementation of the energy saving measures should
be taken up and performance should be monitored.
Electrical energy consumption should be made a subject in the Institute budget with
separate heads for departments and hostels. Energy performance can be a basis for
providing incentives to hostels and departments.

26. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SGGSIE&T,NANDED

19 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS

APPENDIX A


LIST OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS USED

 Power Analyzer (Measures Active, Reactive, Apparent Power, Power Factor,
Energy Consumed)

 Multimeter

 Tester

 Tong tester

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APPENDIX B

Distribution Of Connected Load And Energy Consumption







9%
8%
53%
21%
9%
Distribution of Connected Load
Cooling load
Lighting load
Air conditioning
Computer
Other load
12%
14%
48%
19%
7%
Distribution of Energy Consumption
Cooling load
Lighting load
Air conditioning
Computer
Other load

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Department KW
Computer science 11000
Chemical Engineering 2215
Civil Engineering 5580
EXTC 32000
Electrical Engineering 4025
Information Technology 7000
Instrumentation Engineering 4364
Mechanical Engineering 3665
Production Engineering 5189
Textile Technology 4492
Admin Buliding 15900
Nandagiri Hostel 6180
Girls Hostel 25879
Workshop Line 3360
tot KW 130849







0
50
100
150
200
250
Connected load
KW

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APPENDIX C

CALCULATIONS FOR SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEMS (SWHS) FOR
HOSTELS

A sample calculation for the storage tank volume, collector area requirement and payback
period for the Godavari Girls Hostel has been done below.

Total no. of hot water users in hostel = 300
Assume that amount of hot water used per student = 20 litres / day.
Total amount of water used per day in the hostel = 6000 litres.
Now typically 2 m
2
of collector gives 125 litres per day of hot water output at 60 °C
Normal tolerable hot water temperature by measurement we found to be 40 °C.
However, assuming that the end user consumes hot water at 60 °C (since piping losses are also
Involved)
The collector area required for the hostel is 96 m2.
Considering four wings in hostel, the collector area required on each
Wing is 24 m2.
Cost of collector = Rs. 10,000 / m2.
Total capital cost required for installation of solar water heater in the hostel = 10,000*96 = Rs
960000
The total energy consumption in the hostel considering 12 hours of geyser operation is found to
be 4*1.5*12=72 kWh/day
Total energy consumption in a year = 18000 kWh (assuming 250 days operation)
Assuming the cost of electricity as Rs. 7.7 / kWh,



Total electricity bill due to geysers in the hostel = 18000*7.7 = Rs. 138600 /-
Simple Payback period (SPP) = (capital cost of SWHS / Electricity bill per year) = 7 years.


This is a bit on the higher side due to the lower number of geysers in Godavari girl’s hostel,
similarly calculation can be done for nandgiri boy’s hostel solar water heater.

So, similarly solar water can use in Sahyadri Boys hostel where the no. of geysers are more.

Sr.
No.
HOSTEL NO. OF
GEYSERS
ENERGY
CONSUMED(KWH)
BILL
(RS.)
NO. OF
STUDENT
WATER
REQUIREMENT/DAY
COLLECTOR
AREA
COST OF
COLLECTOR
SPP IN
YEARS
1 GODAVARI 4 18000 138600 300 6000 96 960000 7
2 NANDGIRI 7 42000 323400 200 4000 64 640000 2

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APPENDIX D

CALCULATIONS FOR POWER SAVINGS IN COMPUTERS


Formula used:
Total energy consumed for each setting = No of computers x Duty cycle x 24 x Average power x
No of operating days in a year.


The table below shows the existing settings for monitors on the campus. There are
1300 LCD screens. The LCD monitors consume 20 to 30 W. We have assumed 6.5 hrs of monitor
ON (i.e. in use) and 17.5 hrs when it is not being used and 300 days operation in a year.


Table E.1 Present annual energy consumption for computer monitors on campus
S No
Turn off
Monitor
Percentage of
Existing
monitors
Energy Consumed
(kWh)
1 Never 16 14601.6
2 20 min 54 48369.6
3 30 min 16 14040
4 40 min 14 12266.64

In addition, the CPUs consume 190 W. Using a similar assumption as given above, the
Annual energy consumption is as tabulated in Table E.2.
Table E.2: Present annual energy consumption for CPUs
S No System Standby Percentage
Energy Consumed
(kWh)
1 Never 83 479721.6
2 10 min 17 92509.2

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Now, using the recommended settings for all the computers, the energy consumption
Would be as per Table E.3.

Table E.3: Annual energy consumption for all computers with recommended power
Settings
Item
Turn off
Monitor Percentage
Energy Consumed
(kWh)
Monitors 10 min 100 85924.8
CPUs 20 min 100 554860.8

The annual energy savings thus obtained is about 20723 kWh, i.e. about Rs.1.6
Lakhs (assuming Rs. 7.7 per kWh).

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APPENDIX E


GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS

In addition to the recommendations given in section 6.1, a few more general ones
are presented here. The savings due to their implementation could not be easily quantified,
but their importance cannot be understated. Implementing all these measures, a total
saving of 20-25% can be achieved without compromising much on the existing facilities
and comforts.

G.1 Lighting
Photo sensors to be installed in central library to utilize optimum day lighting. A
scheme for the same has been proposed here.
Proposed areas:
1) Central Library Ground floor:
Currently there are 34 LEDs, since it is near to window, sufficient day lighting is
available. So if we use photo sensor to control this lights we can reduce the duty cycle
and energy consumption.
2) First Floor Journal reading room near window:
Presently there are 35 FLTs, photo sensor can be installed to control Lights in the alternate
row.
3) All Classrooms:
Each Classrooms have no. of tube light and every classroom have windows. So, as
luminous of each rooms can be maintain by using photo sensors. If we use photo sensor
to control this lights we can reduce the duty cycle and energy consumption.
Currently, approximately 50% of the street lights are controlled by timers. It is
Recommended that all the lights be taken under this control scheme to reduce chances of
over-usage due to human error.

G.2 Room Air Conditioners
 It was found that in many cases, the utility type of the area has changed and the AC
may no longer be required there. This can save expenses on procurement of new
ACs.
 Proper maintenance of ACs is not being done. Many of the older ACs could be
replaced.
 About 20-22 % of all installed ACs suffer from some or the other defect. In a large
number of cases, the filters were found to be dirty (3%), thermostats not working

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26 ENERGY AUDIT OF SGGS CAMPUS
(7%), ice formation/ water leakage (1%), rusting (3%), fans not working (4%),
swing problems (3%) etc. were observed.
 The heating load can also be reduced by reducing the consumption by other sources
like lights, computers etc. and the occupancy needs to be considered. Explore the
possibility of occupancy sensors.

G.3 Fans
Total Fans are 1435 from this 30% of Fan are old fans, so by replacing 30% of Fans
large amount energy can be saved.


G.4 Pumping
 Rescheduling of small pumps at individual buildings to late night timings
 Installation of water meters at every building to make sub-sections inside Institute
accountable to the water being used.

G.5 Computers
 Providing setting to all the computers as per Appendix C, so total
20723 kWh Energy can be saved

G.6 Harmonics
We have recorded that our institute’s odd harmonics is 10% more than normal odd
harmonics. So by using proper harmonic filters, we can reduce our energy consumption and
protect our devices from energy losses. And we can save energy upto 10%.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WEBSITES


 Guide Books for the National Certificate Examination for Energy Managers
and Energy Auditors (set of four books, available at
http://www.energymanagertraining.com/new_course.php)
 Compact biogas plant by Appropriate Rural Technology Institute, Pune,
details available at http://www.arti-india.org/content/view/46/43/
 Explanatory video on various types of lamps, www.commoncraft.com/cfl
 Typical lumen outputs and energy costs for outdoor lighting,
www.nofs.navy.mil/about_NoFs/staff/cbl/lumentab.html
 General Electric and lighting products,
www.gelighting.com/na/home_lighting/products/energy_smart
 Information on energy saver for room air conditioners, www.aircosaver.com
 Official website of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Govt. of India,
www.beeindia.nic.in
 Detailed information and case studies on energy audits,
www.energymanagertraining.com
 www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_audit
 Website of the Ministry of Power,
http://powermin.nic.in/distribution/energy_audit
 The Energy Conservation Act, 2001,
http://powermin.nic.in/acts_notification/energy_conservation_act/index.htm
 With reference to IIT, Powai, Energy Audit Report.