Environmental pollution and control

Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment i.e. air, water, soil which can cause harmful effects on various forms of life or property.
Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful effects, and uneasiness to the organisms
Pollutant: Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.

1. By
SURYAKANT VERMA
Assistant Professor,
Department ofPharmaceutics,
Dr. K. N. ModiInstitute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
Modinagar, U.P., India.

2. OVERVIEW
Definition ofPollution.
Types ofPollution.
AirPollution.
WaterPollution.
NoisePollution.
LandPollution.
Radio ActivePollution.

3. DEFINITION OFPOLLUTION
WhenHarmfulSubstancesContaminatethe
Environment, it is CalledPollution.
Pollutionreferstotheverybadconditionof
environment in terms of quantity and quality.

4. TYPES OFPOLLUTION
There are Five types ofPollution:
AirPollution
WaterPollution
NoisePollution
LandPollution
Radio ActivePollution

5. AIRPOLLUTION
What isAtmosphere
Atmosphereisthe life blanket ofEarth.
It is therefore essential that we know more about the
atmosphere and the ways in which it isPolluted.
Air is considered safe when it contains no harmfuldust
andgases.

6. Causesof Air Pollution
Major sources of AirPollution:
Industries.
Automobiles and Domesticfuels.
HighProportionofundesirablegases,suchas
sulphur dioxide and carbonmonoxide.
dust,foundrydustandDust(e.g.cement
windblown soliddust)
Mist.
Smoke.
Carbonblack.
Aerosols.

7. Effects ofAir Pollution
Air Pollutionaffects???
Humanhealth.
Animals.
Plants.
The atmosphere as awhole.
Globalwarming.
Ozone depletion(Ozonehole).
AcidRain.
Various respiratoryillnesses.

8. HowtoAvoidAirPollution
Yes, we can avoid pollution AsFollows:
UsenaturalGases,likeLPG(LiquefiedPetroleum
Gas) autos.
Do not BurstCrackers.
Use less Amount of Fuel forVehicles.
Avoid using and use electric stoves (biogas).

9. WATERPOLLUTION
Anyphysical(temperature,oxygen),chemical
(mercury),orbiological(disease,sewage)changeto
waterthatadverselyaffectsitsusebyalivebeings.

10. CausesofWaterPollution
About40%ofDeaths
worldwidearecausedbyWater
Pollution.
WaterPollutionisCausedby
organic and inorganic
industrialwastesandeffluents
dischargedintorivers.
Noisealsocausesanxiety
stressreactionandfright.

11. Water PollutionPictures

12. Effects ofWater
Pollution
Diseases likeCholera.
Malaria.
Typhoid(spreadduring
the rainyseason).
Aquatic life gets
destroyed.

13. HowtoAvoidWaterPollution
Riversshouldnotbeusedforwashingclothesor
bathing animalsin.
Harvesting of Rainwater to meet waterrequirements.
Dams & embankments must becreated.
The rivers must not becontaminated.
In rivers the dead bodies shouldn’tthrown.

14. NOISEPOLLUTION
Noise can be simply defined as unwantedsound.
Thesoundispleasantornotdependsuponits
theloudness,duration,rhythmandthemoodof
person.
Noisepollutionnotonlyresultsinirritationand
anger.
Noise Levels: Decibels(dB)
•Intensity
•Frequency
•Periods of exposureand
•Duration

15. CausesofNoisePollution
TrafficNoise.
AircraftNoise.
Noise from construction and civil engineeringworks.
Noise from theIndustries.
Noise from othersources.

16. Seewhatisthis?
Picture shows: NoisePollution

17. EffectsofNoisePollution
HearingLoss.
High BloodPressure.
Stress.
SleepDisturbance.
ColourBlindness.

18. HowtoAvoidNoisePollution
TheGovernmentshouldensurethenewmachinesthat
Should be noiseproof.
Airports must be away from residentialarea.
The Sound horn symbol is to be in SchoolRoads.
Controlnoiseatsourcebyproperchoiceofequipment,
design modification, mounting and properlayout.
Isolation or use ofbaffles.
Use of ear protectiondevices.

19. LANDPOLLUTION
•One fourth of area is covered byland.
•Land is a earth which is occupied by people for shelter,
occupation,etc...

20. Causes ofLand Pollution
followingWecanclassifymajorsourcesinthe
Categories:
•Mining, Erosion andquarrying.
•HouseholdGarbage.
•Urbanization and Concentration ofPopulation.
•Municipal SolidWaste.
•Industrial Waste and HazardousWaste.
•Uncontrolled LandTreatment.
•Burning open dumps and forestfires.
•Deforestation.

22. Effects ofLand Pollution
•The Land Cannot use to buildhouses.
•Man cannot befarming.
•Ground water will getsAffected.
•Death of the animals that inhabit theland.

23. PreventionofLandPollution
•More and more land should be brought underfarming.
•Trees should be plantedeverywhere.
•Waste matter should be disposedimmediately.
•Avoid drilling the Land for more undergroundwater.
•Avoid using morefertilizersandPesticides.
•Integrated Solid WasteManagement.
•Good agriculturalpractices.
•Remediation of pollutedsoils.
•Prevention of erosion andsilting.
•Containmentofhazardouswasteandwastewatertreatmentusingland
treatmenttechniques.
3RPrinciple:
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle

24. RADIO ACTIVEPOLLUTION
DespitetheAdvantageofnuclearasacleanenergy,
thebigconcernistheresultedfromnuclearreaction,
whichisaformofpollutioncalledRadioactivity.
Radiation(Laser-Rays)willfromRadioactive
Pollution.

25. CausesofRadioactivePollution
Nuclear power plants(Ex: Neyveli, Kalpakkam).
Nuclear Weapons(Ex:Missiles).
Disposal of NuclearWaste.
UraniumMining.

26. EffectsofRadioactivePollution
The Diseases include blood incough.
Ulcer.
Swelling of bonejoints.
Cancer.
LungCancer.
SkinCancer.
BoneCancer.
EyeProblems.

27. HowtoPreventofRadioactivePollution
Avoid Constructing Nuclear PowerPlants.
Avoid Using NuclearWeapon.
Have Proper Treatment for NuclearWaste.
Avoid mining for Uranium to aminimal.

28. REFERENCES
Sciencebooks.
www.google.com
http://en.wikepedia.org/wiki/AirPollution
www.freefoto.com

29. Adaptation by Felipe Rodríguez Torres
www.felipe-torres.tk