Erythropoietin in dialysis patients.pptx

.

1. ERYTHROPOIETIN

2. Introduction Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone, naturally produced by the peritubular cells of the kidney, that stimulates red blood cell production. The hormone tells stem cells in the bone marrow to make more red blood cells. EPO is made by cells in the kidney. When your kidneys are damaged, they produce less erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that signals your bone marrow—the spongy tissue inside most of your bones—to make red blood cells. With less EPO, your body makes fewer red blood cells, and less oxygen is delivered to your organs and tissues.

3. The mechanism of action of Erythropoietin Erythropoietin (EPO) interacts directly with the EPO receptor on the red blood cell (RBC) surface, triggering activation of several signal transduction pathways, resulting in the proliferation and terminal differentiation of erythroid precursor cells and providing protection from RBC precursor apoptosis.

4. Indications for Erythropoietin Indicated in adult and paediatric patients for the: treatment of anemia due to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in patients on dialysis and not on dialysis. treatment of anemia due to zidovudine in patients with HIV-infection.

5. Injection site for Erythropoietin Recommended injection sites include the upper arms, abdomen, front of the middle thighs, or upper outer area of the buttocks. Change the injection site each time to lessen injury under the skin.

6. Side effect of Erythropoietin Dizziness fainting spells severe tiredness chest pain trouble with breathing sudden or severe headache or problems with vision, speech, or walking. . This medicine may increase your risk of having blood clots

7. Why is erythropoietin given in CKD Deficiency of EPO decreases the survival of these immature red blood cells, a process known as neocytolysis, thereby resulting in anemia Therefore EPO supplementation is indicated in patients with CKD who manifest anemia.

8. Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Injection Uses Acute renal failure Low sodium levels Low potassium levels Low magnesium levels Low calcium levels Blood and fluid loss Anaemia Haematological disorders Oncological disorders

9. THANKYOU