Scoliosis Case Studies
Scoliosis is define as a lateral curvature of spine greater than 10 degree and vertebral
rotation (Pellios et al., 2016).The spinal changes shown as compressive force on
concave side of a curvature resulted in narrowed disc space and spinal canal space,
wedge shaped vertebral bodies thinner and short lamina and pedicles, however,
convex side changes includes wider rib space and posterior deformed rib cage
(McKinnis, 2014). According to McKinnis, spinal curves over 10degree appears in
2% to 4% of population and curve more than 25 degree occur in 1.5per
1000individuals in the United States (2014). Approximately 10% of all adolescents
have some degree of scoliosis, moreover, approximate cost of spinal surgery to
correct idiopathic scoliosis was... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, Adam s forward bend test with scoliometer helpful in assessment of
scoliosis with accuracy, in this test patient stands and bend forwards at the waist,
examiner asses back symmetry, check for rib hump, back abnormality from behind
and beside, also examiner may use scoliometer or inclinometer and recommended for
radiological or advanced diagnostic screening (Horne, Flannery, and Usman, 2014.
Frerich, Hertzler, Knott, and Mardjetk (2012), study had 30 repeated formatic
4dimentional (4D) measure was taken in 64 patients, also included standard
radiograph and surface topography measurements. In addition, the outcomes compare
and noted that Formatic 4D techniques shown significant correlation with Cobb s
angle with test retest reproducibility, without any radiation exposure (Frerich,
Hertzler, Knott, and Mardjetk, 2012). The two different measurement method as 2D
and modern 3D imaging system use in 442 patient to measure angle of thoracic
idiopathic scoliosis, and results shown superior and detail information found with 3D
(coronal, sagittal and axial plane) method compare to traditional radiographs, in the
screening of angles (Sullivan, Reighard, Osborn, Parvaresh, Newton, 2017). In
addition, new mathematical methods,