establishment of national congress

establishment of national congress

1. Establishment of National Congress Sarmad Aftab Lashari

2. Establishment of Indian National Congress Muslims were the successors of Muslims, they occupied the profit, prestige and influence of Muslims. When that power was snatched by the Britishers, there was no love between Muslims and Britishers. Britishers had the policy of completely crushing the Muslims, aimed at economic ruin, their intellectual stagnation and general degeneration.

3. Establishment of National Indian Congress (1885) In 1885, the Indian National Congress was formed on the initiative of the retired British official, Allan Octavian Hume. It had the blessings of the viceroy, Lord Dufferin, who desired the organization to develop into a controlled and responsible opposition, and serving as canalizing agent for the agitating discontent among the intelligentsia. Its first President Mr. W.C. Banerjee.

4. Factors that helped the emergence of Congress 1. Patriotism- the principle source of patriotic inspiration was furnished by the English Literature and American History and their account of struggles for freedom. 2. The revivalist Movements- On the one hand, Swami Vivekananda, the spokesman of Rama Krishna Mission asserted that the world still has to learn from the spiritual Hindus nation and even from idolatry which he called ‘the most admirable and enlightened form of devotion’.

5. On the other hand, emerged the Arya Samaj movement founded by Swami Dayananda, which, although, literal in outlook, preached a return to the ancient Vedic faith, stressed the Unity of God and over throw the alien faiths like Islam and Christianity. 3. Racial Hatred against the British, who had gone to their peak of isolation after the shock they suffered in 1857. The personal ties with the people were almost non-existent. 4.Discrimination against Indians- Indians were not allowed in English society, restaurants and clubs. The mutual hatred assumed dimensions when a very large number of Indians were killed by some Englishmen who remained either unpunished or got light penalties .

6. 5. Ilbert Bill 1882 – was suggested, which allowed the Indian magistrates of some standing to try European Criminals. The English community in the subcontinent raised a strong voice against this measure and to counter this the Indians organized great demonstrations particularly in Bengal, that strengthened further the nationalist movement .

7. Objectives of Indian National Congress: 1. To fuse into one nation whole of the different elements that constitute the population of India. 2. To gradually regenerate along all lines, mental, moral, social and political of the nation thus evolved. 3. To consolidate the union between England and India, by securing the modifications of such of its conditions as may be unjust or injurious to the united India.