Ethical issues

nursing

1. Ethical issue Sara M Aljanabi King Abdul-Aziz University

2. outline Means of ethics and Cod of ethics American nurses association code of ethics and professional standards Ethical principles Moral problem Common Nursing Ethics Dilemmas Clarified the ethical decisions Nurse executive behaviours Ethical power

3. Ethical dilemma

4. Means of ethics Discipline in the judgment of rightness or wrongness, unfairness or fairness with moral duty and obligation.

5. Professional codes of ethics function as a guide to the highest standards of ethical practice for nurses . They are not legally binding. A professional code of ethics is a set of principles, established by a profession, to guide the individual practitioner.

6. Code of Ethics The 2015 ANA code of ethics for nurses has nine statements. The first Code of Ethics for Nurses was adopted by the ANA in 1950 and has been revised 6 times since then . Most recently in 2015 . this code outlines the important general values, duties, and responsibilities that flow from the specific role of being a nurse .

7. Code of Ethics clients rights and safety health work cultures and self-care The social issues relates to the nurses obligations to society and the profession

8. American nurses association code of ethics and professional standards 1. The nurse practices with respect for the inherent dignity , worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems. 2 . The nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or community. 3 . The nurse promotes, advocates for, and protect the health, safety, and rights of the patient .

9. 4 . The nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practice and determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurse’s obligation to provide optimum patient care . 5. The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety, to maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth . 6. The nurse participates in establishing, maintaining, and improving health-care environments and conditions of employment to provide quality health care and consistent with the values of the profession through individual and collective action.

10. 7 . The nurse participates in the advancement of the profession through contributions to practice, education, administration, and knowledge development . 8. The nurse collaborates with other professionals and the public in promoting community, national, and international efforts to meet health needs . 9. The profession of nursing, as represented by associations and their members, is responsible for articulating nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession and its practice, and for shaping social policy.

11. Ethical issue and clinical practice The increase the sophistication of medical science and technology Inter-professional relationship Organ donations and transplants Special concerns relating to patient with AIDS, high-risk neonates, Concerns about practical limits on financial resources for health care Change in society Growing emphasis on the autonomy of the individual Ethics has always been significant in professional nursing practice. Ethical becoming more important since the 1990 … why

12. Important of cod of ethic If the nurse ignores the issue, it may lead to burnout and their leaving the unit and/or the nursing profession Nurses who do not heed the nursing code of ethics could also find themselves in legal trouble.

13. Scope and standards Scope and standards for nurse administrators describes the decisions and actions made by nurse administrators that are based on ethical principles .

14. This standard provide a framework for decision making and managing healthcare system.

15. Ethical principles Biomedical ethicists describe three primary principles.

16. Ethical principles The principle of Respect for persons describes individuals ability to take rational action and make moral choices. Autonomy, veracity, confidentiality, and informed consent evolve from the principle of respect for persons The principle of Beneficence has two purposes: Do no harm Promote good The principle of Justice involved fairness, rights, and obligation

17. Ethical principles Davis describes four ethical principles

18. Ethical principles Autonomy: personal freedom of action is an ethical principle to be applied by nurse managers toward professional nurses. The professional nurse is given autonomy to deliberate about nursing action The professional nurse becomes an advocate agent for patient rights. The patient is responsible for making decisions about his/her care The family may be involved with the patients consent

19. Ethical principles Non-maleficence: is define as the avoidance of intentional harm or the risk of inflicting harm on some one. Beneficence : is the principle of viewing persons as autonomous not harming them and contributing to their health and welfare. Justice: justice involves giving people what is deserved, or legitimately claimed.

20. Moral problem Ethics addresses three types of Moral problems

21. Moral problem Moral uncertainty : doubt about moral principles or rules that may apply or the nature of the ethical problem itself Moral distress : inability to take the action known to be right because of external constraints.

22. Ethical dilemma Ethical dilemmas , are situations in which there is a choice to be made between two options, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable fashion . Ethical dilemmas assume that the chooser will abide by societal norms, such as codes of law or religious teachings, in order to make the choice ethically impossible.

23. Example of Common Nursing Ethics Dilemmas

24. Nursing ethics and the work environment Nurses report communication difficulties and workplace bullying and violence as serious work environment ethical dilemmas Patient safety and staffing issues also fall into the work environment category. Patient safety and social media .

25. Nursing ethics and diversity Cultural diversity and caring for people with different values and traditions, and accepting their rituals, can present challenges in the practice setting

26. Clarified the ethical decisions It is legal ? Is it balance? How will it make me feel about myself ?

27. Nurse executive behaviors Advocates for patients, consumers, personal who are recipients of services. Identify ethical issues and dilemmas designs human resource management policies to make employment satisfying to employees and to facilitate open communication among employees and managers. Facilitates a framework for professional nursing practice based vision, mission, philosophy, EBP and standards of practice.

28. Ethical power Nurse managers should plan for persistence by spending more time following up on education and activities that build commitment of personnel. Nurse managers should promote perspective by giving their staff time to think. Nursing service managers should consider developing an organization-specific code of ethics expressed in observable and measurable behaviours

29. Ethical power Nurse managers should build an organization to succeed, thereby building up employees through pride in their organization. Nurse managers should work to sustain patience and continuity through a long-term effect on the organization

30. References L. Marquis and Carol J. (2015) Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing Theory and Application , Bessie Lippincott Williams. Roussel , l. (2006). management and leadership for nurse administrators (4th edition ed.)