Ethics- Chapter 2 moral agent of morality

This is all about the moral agents of morality.

1. John t. autoroza , med-sped Chapter 2 Lesson 1: Moral agent

2. moral comes from the Latin word “mores”, referring to society’s patterns, standards, rules of doing things. agent comes from the Latin word “ agere ”, to do, act.

3. Human person as a moral agent

4. i s a person who has the ability to discern right from wrong and to be held accountable for his or her own actions. He/she have a moral responsibility not to cause unjustified harm. MORAL AGENT

5. What is a sufficient condition for moral agency? It will suffice if the agent has the capacity to conform to some of the external requirements of morality. So if a certain agents can obey moral laws such as “murder is wrong” or “stealing is wrong” then, they are moral agents, even if they respond only to prudential reasons such as fear of punishment and even if they are incapable of acting for the sake of moral consideration.

6. Moral subject Human Animals Art Environment

7. Moral community It includes all the people from birth to death. Theoretically , every person in the moral community has equal, natural rights to moral protection.

8. Moral community in ethics It does not mean a community of people who act morally or ethically. This could be a meaning of the term, but it is not the meaning used here. In ethics, one’s moral community consists of all those beings that one holds in moral regard.

9. “Never intentionally cause unjustified harm ” Aristotle

10. According to Carl Rogers, a fully functioning person is one who is in touch with his or her deepest and innermost feelings and desires. Man as the fully functioning person

11. Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

12. a re those agents expected to meet the demands of morality. Not all agents are moral agents. MORAL AGENT

13. i s a trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus is valued as a foundation of principle and good moral being. virtue

14. i s a practice, behavior, or habit generally considered immoral, sinful, criminal, rude, taboo, depraved or degrading in the associated society. vice

15. -Virtue ethics is philosophy developed by Aristotle and other ancient Greek. -It is quest to understand and live a life of moral character. -This character-based approach to morally assumes that we can acquire virtue through practice. Virtue ethics

16. -Virtues, according to Aristotle, are habits and that the good life is a life of mindless routine. Virtue as a habit

17. -Aristotle believed that virtue as a habit requires an intentional choice when you begin. -Over time one becomes used to behaving virtuously and after a while one acts virtuously without needing to use volition. You have become virtuous, it’s now part of you and how you act. Developing Virtue as a habit

18. It is based on the principles laid down by St. Thomas Aquinas. “Every human act is directed towards and end”. Summum bonum , the highest good is God Himself. The purpose-driven moral agent

19. First Principle: Every agent that performs an action acts for the sake of the end or purpose to be attained. 3 Thomastic principles

20. Second Principle: Every agent acts for an ultimate end. 3 Thomastic principles

21. Third Principle: Every agent has the power of moving for an end which is suitable or good for him. 3 Thomastic principles

22. A person’s act is moral if it realizes his/her potentials and brings him/her nearer to this goal in life, immoral if it deviates from it. The fundamental options is “the stance or position you decide to take vis-à-vis the Absolute Value (GOD) which then influences the ultimately all other individual actions and decisions”. The fundamental option

23. A human person is or becomes what he/she makes of himself/herself by choice. He/she is nothing, no “essence” until he/she starts his/her “existence” by making choice. No pre-fixed plan for man

24. John t. autoroza , med-sped Lesson 2 : The development of moral character of the moral agent

25. Defining moment is a significant life-changing event in a person’s life that reverberates throughout your career and personal life and so changes everything. Meaning of defining moment

26. St. Paul’s defining moment was when suddenly a light from heaven flashed around him on his way to Damascus. Meaning of defining moment of the saints

27. St. Augustine’s defining moment came while spending time in Milan in 386 A.D.. Meaning of defining moment of the saints

28. Moral character is necessary for moral behavior. Moral character facilitates doing the moral action. Relationship between moral acts and character