Etiology of coma_20250812_013301_0000.pdf

Why does the coma occurs, here is he brief description of etiology

1. UTKARSH GAWAI
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01/15
22057

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3. PAGE
03/15
Cerebral contusion, concussion and laceration Subdural haematoma , Extradural
haematoma

4. PAGE
03/15

5. STUDIO
SHODWE
PAGE
05/15
Meningitis
Inflammation of
meninges, raised ICP.
Cerebral
Malaria
Cerebral
abcess
Encephalitis
Brain inflammation,
often viral origin
Pus-filled brain cavity,
compresses tissue.
Plasmodium falciparum
affecting brain function.

6. STUDIO
SHODWE
6AGE
11/15
a. Diabetes mellitus:
Hypoglycaemia, ketoacidosis,
hyperosmolar coma
b. Myxoedema
c. Hypocalcaemia
d. Hypercalcaemia
e. Hypoadrenalism

7. STUDIO
SHODWE
6AGE
11/15
f. Hypopituitarism
g. Hepatic failure
h. Respiratory failure
i. Cardiac failure
j. Uraemia
k. Metabolic acidosis
1. Metabolic alkalosis
m.Electrolyte disturbances (hypo
and hypernatraemia

8. STUDIO
SHODWE
6AGE
08/15
Congestive
cardiac failure
Heart’s pumping ability is reduced, leading to
fluid buildup in lungs and body.
Hypertensive
encephalopathy
Shock
Arrhythmias
Brain dysfunction caused by sudden, severe
rise in blood pressure.
A life-threatening state of inadequate tissue
perfusion and oxygen delivery.
Abnormal heart rhythm due to electrical
conduction disturbances.

9. STUDIO
SHODWE
6AGE
10/15
Hyperpyrexia
Excessive body temperature → neuronal
protein denaturation + brain edema →
depressed CNS activity → coma.
Hypothermia
Reduced brain metabolism + slowed neuronal
conduction → loss of consciousness → coma.
Electric
shock
Direct disruption of brain electrical activity +
secondary hypoxia from cardiorespiratory
arrest → coma.

10. Cerebral malaria
Typhoid fever
Trypanosomiasis
Rabies
6AGE
12/15

11. STUDIO
SHODWE
1.Epilepsy – Prolonged seizures
impair brain activity.
2. Space-occupying lesions –
Tumors/masses raise pressure,
compress brain.
6AGE
13/15

12. STUDIO
SHODWE
Acute poisoning
6AGE
14/15
Alcohol
Thiamine deficiency

13. 6AGE
07/15

14. STUDIO
SHODWE
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