Europe+after+wwi[1]

1. WWI Sets the stage for
WWII
“The Enemy did not Appear in a Instant”

2. Treaty of Versailles
•Left many European nations
dissatisfied.
•Italy:
–Doesn’t get territory it wanted. Largely ignored
by other victorious countries.
•France:
–Thought the Treaty wasn’t harsh enough.
–Hoped to use the peace settlement to severely
weaken Germany.

3. Treaty is Harsh on Germany
Lost 13% of territory and all overseas
colonies.
•Virtually dismantled its Navy and Air Force
and limited army to 100,000 men.
•Forced to Sign the Treaty, although they
weren’t allowed in negotiations.
•Forced to sign article 231- saying they
were to blame for the war.

5. Treaty is Harsh on Germany
•Germany forced to pay Reparations to pay
for the damages of the war.
–132 Billion in Gold Marks w/ 6% interest set to
be paid through 1988.
**Depression, unemployment, Weimar Republic
becomes associated with “failure”.

6. Germany can’t possibly pay the
reparations, destroying their
economy.

7. Japan is Also Unhappy
•Wants to be treated as an equal by the
west.
–Not allowed to expand into China like they
want.
–Small island, they feel they need colonial
resources to compete in industrial world.
–Feel that they deserve respect from the west.

9. The Rise of Dictatorships
•Dictatorship: (Unchallenged Power)
–Allows no other political parties
•Totalitarianism: (total control)
–Controlled by a single person or party,
suppressing freedom and controlling every
aspect of life.

10. European Fascism
•Fascism: (Glory of the state)
–One party dictatorship characterized by
racism and militarism.
“Anti-individualistic, the Fascist concept of
life stresses the importance of the State
and accepts the individual only so far as
his interests coincide with those of the
state”
Benito Mussolini The Doctrine of Fascism 1932

11. 1.) Benito Mussolini (Italy)
•National Fascist Party:
–“Everything in the State,
nothing outside the state,
nothing against the state.”
•Main Goals:
●
Stay in Power
●
Return Italy to Greatness
●
Cultural Improvements

12. 2.) Adolf Hitler (Germany)
•Led into politics by anger over Treaty of Versailles.

13. Unrest in Germany and the
Rise of the Nazi Party
•Weimar Republic in control of Germany
from 1918-33’.
–Controlled by the citizens
–Era of hyperinflation and depression
–Ideas, but little action taken to fix situation
•Society was becoming fragmented and
many believed falling apart
**Opens doors for Nazi Party to gain control.**

14. •1923 Print
during
period of
inflation.

15. 1942 money

16. Rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party
•Wrote Mein Kampf: (my struggle)
–Outlining political beliefs/goals:
•Racially superior German Race (Aryans)
•“Germany will either be a world power or there
were will be no Germany at all.”
•Dream of uniting all Germanic peoples.

18. Rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party
•Stressed the need for “Action” not rationality.
•At first he down-played the anti-Semitic aspect of
Nazism.
•Wanted to make Germany great again.
*Very popular leader, kept distance
from “Little Hitler” actions.

19. Joseph Stalin (Russia)
•Violently crushed political
opponents.
•Great Purges: 1936-39’
–Killed off anyone that may
threaten his power.
–Recognized Hitler as a
threat, sought alliance with
west.
–20 to 40 million died under
his control in the 1930s.

21. Genocide
•THE KILLING OF AN ENTIRE PEOPLE
•Examples:
–Armenians in 1917 (1 million +)
–Stalinist Russia 1931-1939 (15 to 20 million)
–Nazi Germany 1939-45 (6 million +)
–Cambodia 1975-79 (1.5 million)
–Bosnia 1992-95 (18,000 +)
–Rwanda 1994 (1/2 million)
–Sudan 2003 – present (2 million est.)

22. Genocide Quotes
•“Like the genocide of the Armenians before it,
and the genocide of the Cambodians which
followed it, ... the lessons of the Holocaust must
never be forgotten.” George Bush Sr.
•"That's just the way a military dictatorship
works. They drive around and pick people
up on the street, and you never see them
again." Reported in Sudan March 9, 2006

23. Create a Histo-Poem
•In pairs create a histo-poem that explains
the causes of WWII and/or the
emergence of military dictatorships in
Europe.
Event in History____________________
Happened when____________________
Happened Where___________________
Caused By________________________
Key People involved in the event______________________
Life under these dictatorships_________________________
Result of these dictatorships_________________________
If I had lived then_____________________________