evolution of random access memory

its the evolution of RAM

1. Evolution of RAM

2. Histor y of RAM

3. Vacuum Tube – something similar to what we have in CRT monitors and televisions. Then came the era of the transistors – which were created by Bell Labs. The transistor became the core component of modern day memory, which started off with simple Latches – a circuit configuration of transistors which can store 1 bit of data. https://wccftech.com/history-ram-trip-memory-lane/

4. CRT (Cathode-Ray Tube)-is the electron beams within a monitor that move across your screen either interlaced or non- interlaced hitting phosphor dots on the inside glass tube. https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/c/crt.htm

5. Vacuum Tube – something similar to what we have in CRT monitors and televisions. Then came the era of the transistors – which were created by Bell Labs. The transistor became the core component of modern day memory, which started off with simple Latches – a circuit configuration of transistors which can store 1 bit of data. https://wccftech.com/history-ram-trip-memory-lane/

6. Basic type of Memory Static RAM uses a special arrangement of transistors to make a flip-flop, a type of memory cell. One memory cell can store 1-bit of data. Most modern SRAM cells are made of six CMOS transistors, and are the fastest type of memory on planet Earth. Dynamic RAM lines up one transistor with a capacitor to create an ultra-compact memory cell. On the flip side, the capacitor needs to be refreshed after a specific period to keep the charge in the capacitor, which introduces latency in memory access. Something we refer to as memory timings.

7. https://cdn.wccftech.com/images/articles/History-of-RAM/EDO-DRAM.jpg

8. Asynchronous and Synchronous RAM Synchronous RAM can only send or receive data when a clock pulse enters or leaves the system. Asynchronous RAM can be accessed at any time during a clock cycle, which present an obvious advantage over Synchronous RAM.

9. Single Data Rate SDRAM SDR SDRAM is virtually obsolete now as far as the computer industry is concerned. It was one of the first memory architectures to support Synchronous Memory architectures and was only known as SDRAM at its time. Single Data Rate means that it can transfer one machine word (16 bits for the x86 architecture) of data during one clock cycle. It was widely used in the 90s era for computer systems up till the Intel Pentium III. Common SDR memory standards included PC-100 and PC-133 which ran on clock speeds of 100MHz and 133MHz respectively.

10. https://cdn.wccftech.com/images/articles/History-of-RAM/SDRAM.jpg Single Data Rate SDRAM

11. Double Data Rate SDRAM Also known as DDR memory, it was the direct successor to the single data rate SDRAM architecture. DDR improved upon the SDR design by providing double the data during one clock cycle: One word of data during the positive edge and one word of data during the negative edge of the clock pulse. This provided a significant increase in performance over the traditional architecture. DDR memory was primarily used in the Intel Pentium 4 and the AMD Athlon architectures.

12. https://cdn.wccftech.com/images/articles/History-of-RAM/DDR.jpg Double Data Rate SDRAM

13. DDR2 SDRAM The DDR standard gained a huge following and was subsequently improved to address high-performance memory needs. Improvements were made in memory bandwidth, clock rates, and voltages. This resulted in notable improvements in overall system performance. DDR2 was standard for most chipsets running Pentium 4 Prescott and later including Intel Core, and AMD Athlon 64. Common memory standards for DDR2 were DDR2-400, DDR2-533, DDR2-667, DDR2-800 and DDR2-1066. All the modules operate at half the frequency just like in DDR.

14. https://cdn.wccftech.com/images/articles/History-of-RAM/DDR2.jpg DDR2 SDRAM

15. DDR3 SDRAM The DDR3 specifications were finalized in 2007, and primarily increased the clock rates possible while reducing the voltages. Unfortunately however the latencies also increased significantly so there were only 2-5% performance gains in real world applications compared to DDR2 (only on architectures that support both standards). Though DDR3 is the logical next step because the latest AMD and Intel platforms (790/AM3 and X58/P55) only support DDR3 memory. Common memory standards for DDR3 today include DDR3-1066, DDR3-1333, DDR3-1600, DDR3-1800 and DDR3-2000.

16. DDR3 SDRAM https://cdn.wccftech.com/images/articles/History-of-RAM/DDR3.jpg

17. END!!