EXAMINATION OF FOOT AND ANKLE for pg.pptx

examine foot and ankle

1. Dr Ajit Singh EXAMINATION OF FOOT AND ANKLE

2. Examination of ankle in sitting with both legs hanging Feet in standing position Exposure up to hips Gait Pre-requisite

3. Inspection. Palpation. Movements. Special tests.

4. Attitude: various attitudes in deformity and ankle fractures, synovial swelling Swelling: u/l or b/l Fossae anteriorly and post -2 Examine from front, back and sides INSPECTION

5. Relation of foot to ankle Relation b/w malleoli—1 cm below and post lat. Long saphenous vein Any ulcer Callosities s inus anteriorly

6. Alignment of foot and toes Nail beds Skin condition Webs & tips of toes Feet- dorsally and plantar

7. TA and calf Fossae on both sides of TA Swelling around TA Pattern, position and size of heel posterior- ankle

8. Temperature Tenderness arterial pulsations- Dorsalis pedis , post & ant tibial Joint line tendernes Both malleoli Tendons swelling PALPATION

9. Ant subluxation of talus >3mm Integrity of capsule and ant. Talofibular lig

10. MOVEMENTS

11. MEASUREMENTS Medial malleolus to heel gives height of calcaneum Circumferential measurement at level of ankle, at metatarsal heads & at maximum height of arch Also measure equinus or calcaneus deformity

12. SPECIAL TESTS TA RUPTURE

13. THOMPSON TEST on calf squeeze, foot automatically plantar flexes if TA intact

14. EXAMINATION OF FOOTWEAR

15. FOOTPRINT

16. Talipes : Talus = ankle Pes = foot Equinus : (Latin = horse) Foot that is in a position of planter flexion at the ankle, looks like that of the horse. Calcaneus: Full dorsiflexion at the ankle Common deformities

17. Common deformities Planus: flatfoot Cavus: highly arched foot Varus: heal going towards the midline Valgus: heel going away from the midline Adduction: forefoot going towards the midline Abduction: forefoot going away From the midline Forefoot Hind foot

18. Pes cavus High arch Varus

19. Hallux valgus

20. Hallux rigidus: O.A 1 st MPJ

21. THANK YOU