Expanded program on immunization

Based on Department of Health Philippines

1. Expanded Program On Immunization

2. EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION -established in 1976 -ensure that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.

3. Six vaccine-preventable diseases Tuberculosis Poliomyelitis Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis Measles

4. Over-all Goal To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases.

5. Specific Goals 1.   To immunize all infants/children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases . 2.   To sustain the polio-free status of the Philippines . 3.   To eliminate measles infection.

6. 4.   To eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus 5.   To control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis b and German measles . 6.   To prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among children.

7. Republic Act No. 10152 -“Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011” -President Benigno Aquino III -July 26, 2010 -Basic immunization for children under 5 including other types that will be determined by the Secretary of Health.

8. STRATEGIES Conduct of Routine Immunization for Infants/Children/Women through the Reaching Every Barangay (REB) strategy Supplemental Immunization Activity ( SIA) Strengthening Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Surveillance Procurement of  adequate and potent vaccines and needles and syringes to all health facilities nationwide

9. Polio -poliomyelitis -caused by poliovirus -crippling and potentially infectious -infects the person’s brain and spinal cord causing paralysis

10. Diptheria -bacterial infection -affects the nose and throat -cause breathing problems and swallowing

11. Measles -caused by a virus -airborne -infects the respiratory tract

12. Neonatal Tetanus -infection occurs at unhealed umbilical stump (non-sterile equipment)

13. Pertusis -whooping cough - “100 day cough” - Highly contagious respiratory disease

14. Tuberculosis -affects the lungs -airborne

15. Hepatitis B -viral infection -attacks the liver -transmitted through blood or other body fluids

16. Poliomyelitis -OPV (Oral Polio Vaccination) -6 weeks old -3 doses (2-3 drops) -4 weeks - Oral - The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given

17. Measles - MCV -Measles-Containing Vaccine -9 months old -2 dose (0.5 mL) - Subcutaneous - Upper outer portion of the arms - At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age

18. Hepatitis B - HEPATITIS - At birth -3 doses (3 doses) -4 weeks interval - Intramuscular - Upper outer portion of the thigh - Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer

19. Diphtheria- Pertusis -Tetanus - DPT -6 weeks old -3 doses (0.5 mL) -6 weeks(DPT 1), 10 weeks (DPT 2), 14 weeks (DPT 3) - Intramuscular - Upper outer portion of the thigh - An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis

20. Tuberculosis - BCG ( Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ) -at birth -1 dose (0.05 mL) - none - Intradermal - Right deltoid region of the arm - BCG given at earliest possible age protects the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone

21. Vaccine Minimum Age/Interval Percent Protected Duration of Protection TT1 At 20th weeks AOG 0% protection for the mother for the first delivery TT2 At least 4 weeks later 80% infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 3 years protection for the mother TT3 At least 6 months later 95% infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 5 years protection for the mother TT4 At least 1 year later 99% infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 10 years protection for the mother TT5 At least 1 year later 99% gives lifetime protection for the mother all infants born to that mother will be protected