F block elements

simple discussion

1. In the name of Allah , the most
Gracious , the most merciful .

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Name : Muhammad Najiur Rahman
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Home town : Bogra
Present Address : Dhaka ,Mugdapara
School : Khilgaon Govt. High
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College : Govt. Science College ,
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3. Department of Pharmacy

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4. Topic : The f-block
elements
ii

5. What are f-block What are f-block
elements?elements?
The elements in which the extra electron
(also called differentiating electron) enters
(n-2)f orbitals are called f-block elements.
These elements are also called inner-
transition elements.

6. Classification of f-block Classification of f-block
elementselements
Depending on whether the extra electron
enters 4f or 5f-orbitals, f-block elements have
been classified into two blocks namely –
a) 4f-block elements(lanthanides or
lanthanones)
b)5f-block elements (actinides or
actinones)
These elements are located in group III B and
have been given a separate place at the
periodic table.

7. Lanthanides
Element
name Symbol Z
Lanthanum Lanthanum LaLa 57 57
Cerium Cerium Ce Ce 58 58
Praesodymium Praesodymium Pr Pr 5959
Neodymium Neodymium Nd Nd 60 60
Promethium Promethium Pm Pm 61 61
Samarium Samarium Sm Sm 62 62
Europium Europium Eu Eu 63 63
Gadolinium Gadolinium Eu Eu 64 64
Terbium Terbium Tb Tb 65 65
Dysprosium Dysprosium Dy Dy 66 66
Holmium Holmium Ho Ho 67 67
Erbium Erbium Er Er 68 68
Thulium Thulium Tm Tm 69 69
Ytterbium Ytterbium Yb Yb 70 70
Lutetium Lutetium Lu Lu 71 71
Element
Name Symbol Z
Actinium Actinium AcAc 8989
Thorium Thorium Th Th 90 90
Protactinium Protactinium Pa Pa 9191
UraniumUranium U U 9292
Neptunium Neptunium Np Np 9393
PlutoniumPlutonium Pu Pu 9494
Americium Americium AmAm 9595
Curium Curium Cm Cm 9696
Berkelium Berkelium Bk Bk 9797
Californium Californium Cf Cf 9898
EinsteiniumEinsteinium Es Es 99 99
FermiumFermium FmFm 100 100
MendeleviumMendelevium Md Md 101101
NobeliumNobelium No No 102102
LawrenciumLawrencium Lr Lr 103103
Actinides

8. Electronic Configuration of Electronic Configuration of
f-block elementsf-block elements
The valance shell electronic
configuration of the atoms of these
elements is represented as :
(n-2) f^
1….7, 9….14
. (n-1)d^
0,1
ns^
2
4f and 5f corresponding to the filling of
4f and 5f orbitals of 4
th
(N-shell, n=4)
and 5
th
(O-shell, n=5) shells respectively.

9. What are 4f-block What are 4f-block
elements?elements?
In the atoms of the 4f block elements
the extra electron enters 4f-orbitals in
the atoms of the elements of this block
, 4f-orbitals are being progressively
filled. A group of 15 elements from
lanthanum, La(Z=57) to lutetium,
Lu(Z=71) constitute this series. The
lanthanide elements constitute the first
inner-transition series.

10. Lanthanides
*named after the first element of the
series Lanthanum
*color: silver white
*paramagnetic in nature
* very high ionization energies and electro
negativity

11. What are 5f-block What are 5f-block
elements?elements?
In the atoms of the 5f block elements
the extra electron enters 5f-orbitals in
the atoms of the elements of this block
, 5f-orbitals are being progressively
filled. A group of 15 elements from
actinium, Ac(Z=89) to lawrencium,
Lw(Z=103) constitute this series. The
actinide elements constitute the
second inner-transition series.

12. ActinidesActinides
*named after actinium
*radioactive
*highly electro-positive
(show+3,+4,+5,+6 oxidation states)
tarnish in air
*have number of isotopes
*react with boiling water or dilute acids
to give H
2
 gas
*directly combine with non-metals

13. References :References :
1.Modern Inorganic Chemistry- Dr. R.D. Madan
Chap. no. 3 , Page no. 195
Chap. no. 44 , Page no. 1358 (3
rd
Revised Edition 2011)
2. Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemistry-
S.Z. Haider
Chap. no. 4 , Page no. 140 ( Edition 2006-07)
3. Basic Inorganic Chemistry- F.Albert Cotton
Geoffery Wilkinson
Paul L. Gaus
Chap. no. 8 , Page no. 266 (3
rd
Edition 2008)

14. Thank youThank you