F.W.Taylor-Father of scientific management

Fredrick Winslow Taylor is known as father of scientific Management. A mechanical engineer by occupation, he gave philosophies about optimal use of labor and increase productivity.

1. Submitted To: Mr. Ankur Makhija Frederick Winslow Taylor Assignment - I Submitted By: Rashmi Kavya Radhe Kumar Rahul Kumar Rashika Davas Priyal Purandhre

2. F .W .Taylor He is Known as Father of Scientific Management Born into a wealthy family in the US in 1856. Graduated from Stevens Institute Technology as a mechanical engineer in 1883. Became Chief Engineer at Midvale Steel Works in 1884.

3. Soldiering Taylor observed the phenomenon of workers’ purposely operating well below their capacity. This is Soldiering. He stated causes of soldiering: Universal belief among workers that if they became more productive, only few of them would be needed : jobs will be eliminated. Non-incentive wage systems encourage low productivity. They received same wage regardless how much is produced.

4. If employees are paid according to quantity they produce, they fear that management will decrease their per-unit pay if quantity increases. 3. Workers waste much of their efforts by relying on rule-of-thumb methods rather than an optimal work method. Rule-of-thumb: It is a guideline that provides simplified advice regarding a particular subject. It is a general principle that gives practical instructions for accomplishing or approaching a certain task. Typically, rules of thumb develop as a result of practice and experience rather than from scientific research or theory

5. Scientific Management Scientific management  is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflow.  Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity . one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management.  Scientific management is sometimes known as  Taylorism   after F.W. Taylor.

6. Taylor’s 4 principles of scientific management Replace rule-of-thumb work methods with methods based on scientific study of task. Scientifically select, train and develop each worker rather than passively leaving them to train themselves. Cooperate with the workers to ensure that developed methods are followed. Divide work nearly equally between managers and workers so that managers apply scientific management planning and workers follow it.

7. Generally it is assumed that the interests of the employee and employer are the opposite. But scientific management puts the claim that the interests of both parties are the same. If the employer cannot provide the employee’s welfare they cannot ensure their own welfare on the long term . So, the employer should make an effort to pay high salary as much as he can.

8. Time Studies by Taylor To scientifically determine the optimal way to perform a job, he performed experiments he called Time studies. It was characterized by the use of stopwatch to time a worker’s sequence of motion.

9. Some examples of time and motion studies : The science of shoveling : Taylor ran time studies to determine that the optimal weight a worker should lift in shovel was 21 lbs. Shovel should be sized to hold only 21 lbs of substance. The result was 3 times increase in productivity. Thus increased wage for workers. Earlier workers used their own shovels .

10. 2. Pig Iron Workers were moving 12.5 tons of pig iron per day. It was increased to 47.5 tons per day. By conducting experiments, managers could determine optimal time of lifting and resting. However only 1/8 th of workers were capable of doing it. This suggests that workers should be selected according to how well they are suitable for a particular job .

11. Effect of Scientific Management Techniques on today’s Human Resources Management Taylor’s personnel selection philosophies are acceptable in today’s management science. Previously it was assumed that anybody can do anything. But scientific management highlights importance of recruiting the right personnel and training of them.

12. Application of Taylor’s philosophies in recruitment

13. Conclusion Taylor has substantially contributed to today’s human resources management . his theories form a basis for personnel selection, being one of the most important functions of personnel management. Although he has been criticized for putting the human factor into the background. Taylor was effective in the development of long term employment by suggesting recruiting the personnel by means of scientific methods. But case is different in public bodies because it becomes harder for the public official to be dismissed from compared to the private sector.

14. Bibliography Fredrick Taylor and Scientific Management. ( n.d .). NetMBA . Taylor, F. W. Introduction to Scientific management. In F. W. Taylor, Principles of Scientific Management. Turan , H. (2015). Taylor’s “Scientific Management Principles”. Journal of Economics, Business and Management , 1-5.

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