FACTORS AFFECTING TEMPERATURE OF DIFFERENT PLACES AROUND THE (1) (1).pptx

Factors affecting temperature of different places around the Earth.

1. FACTORS AFFECTING TEMPERATURE OF DIFFERENT PLACES AROUND THE WORLD Heating of the atmosphere

2. FACTORS AFFECTING TEMPERATURE OF DIFFERENT PLACES Latitude. Altitude. Distance from the ocean. Ocean currents. ( Simpson, 2015)

3. latitude This is the distance from the equator . Looks at two concepts: Solar angle -ANGLE AT WHICH THE SOLAR RADIATION FROM THE SUN STRIKES THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH. Albedo -THE AMOUNT OF SOLAR RADIATION REFLECTED BY THE SURFACE.

4. 1. Solar angle The sun strike the earth surface at different angles, at right angle (direct) at the equator and at acute (indirect) at the tropics ( less acute ) and poles ( more acute ). the incoming solar radiation travels shorter distances to equatorial regions, with a large solar angle covering a small area . And this is the reason why temperatures are relatively high along the equator. The opposite is experienced in the tropics (moderate temperatures) and poles (cooling temperatures).

5. In the picture is the sun striking the earth surface at different solar angles at different latitudes. LATITUDE INCREASE DECREASES THE SOLAR ANGLE.

6. 2. ALBEDO LIGHT SURFACES REFLECT MORE HEAT AND DARK SURFACES ABSORB MORE HEAT. AT THE POLES MORE HEAT IS REFLECTED BACK TO THE ATMOSPHERE , RESULTED FROM THE WHITE SURFACES OF THE ICE AND SNOW. AT THE EQUATOR MORE HEAT IS ABSORBED , RESULTED FROM THE DARK SURFACES OF VEGETATION . WHICH MIGHT BE THE REASON OF HIHG TEMPERATURES IN EQUATORIAL REGIONS .

7. ALTITUDE This is the height above sea level. TEMPERATURE DECREASES BY 6,5 DEGREES CELCIUS FOR EVERY 1000 METERS INCREASE IN HEIGHT. POSITIVE LAPSE RATE - THE TEMPERATE DECREASE WITH INCREASE IN HEIGHT ( Stone, 2018) . EARTH HEATS THE ATMOSPHERE FROM GROUND-LEVEL. ( MOUNTAIN KILIMANJARO IN TANZANIA IS A GOOD EXAMPLE)

8. MOUNTAIN KILIMANJARO SITUATED JUST SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR IN TANZANIA At top of the mountain there is ice and there is non at ground level (positive lapse rate).

9. DISTANCE FROM THE OCEAN DIFFERENT REACTION TO INSOLATION (LAND AND OCEAN). WATER IS TRANSPARENT AND ALLOW THE SUN RAYS TO REACH THE DEEPER PARTS OF THE OCEAN. (IT COOLS SLOWLY) LAND IS NOT TRANSPARENT AND DO NOT ALLOW HEAT TO PENETRATE TO THE DEEPER PARTS OF THE SURFACE. (IT COOLS FASTER) Continental regions experience extreme CONTINENTAL CLIMATES and coastal regions experience moderate MERITIME CLIMATES. ( Dalton, 2018)

10. Bellow are day and night effects of the ocean at moderating temperatures of the costal regions. During the day they cool the temperatures and at night warm temperatures along the coast.

11. OCEAN CURRENTS The constant flow of surface ocean water in one direction. HEAT IS DISTRIBUTED BETWEEN POLES AND EQUATOR THROUGH THE OCEAN CURRENTS. WARM CURRENTS CARRY WARM AIR MASS WITH THEM. COLD CURRENTS CARRY COLD AIR MASS WITH THEM. The currents that flow towards the equator bring cold water and currents that flow towards the poles bring warm water, this moderates temperatures of both of these regions. (Beasley, 2016)

12. The COLD BEGUELA CURRENT FLOWS TO EQUATORIAL REGIONS CARRYING COLD AIR MASSES THAT COOL THE EQUATORIAL REGIONS (REDUCE TEMPERATURES) THE WARM AGULHAS CURRENT FLOWS TO THE POLES CARRYING WARM AIR MASSES THAT WARM THE POLES (INCREASE TEMPERATURES).

13. End…

14. REFERENCES Beasley, S., 2016. Ocean Currents. Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/9226007/ (Accessed: 20 August 2022) Dalton, J., 2018. Unit 2.4-Weather: Factors affecting Temperature. Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/11950244/ (Accessed: 19 August 2022) Fitzgerald, R., 2015. 1 2.5 Distance from the Oceans Understand how distance from the oceans affects climate. Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/4892057/ (Accessed: 21 August 2022) Simpson, A., 2015. FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE TEMPERATURE. Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/7237587/ (Accessed: 20 August 2022) Stone, S., 2018. Fantastic Five 1. How does altitude affect temperature? Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/13574830/ (Accessed: 20 August 2022)