Factory act and rules,Hazard And Safety Management.pptx

This slide notes to the m pharm QA factor act and rules

1. P r pote patil college of pharmacy, amravati Presented by Manohar s. Kasdekar FACTORY ACT AND RULES M pharm (QA) Sem -II

2. FACTORY ACT AND RULES INITIATION In Great Britain, the second half of the 18 th century, there was a rapid growth of industrial towns & factories.
As it was started without planning, they employed the women as well as their children in factories who needed to work for more than 12 hours a day.
Some of the employees took initiative to implement labour legislations: Factories Act came into existence in 1819. After some modifications, the final amended of Factories Act took place in 1948.

3. Factory act in India In India, the First factories Act was passed in 1881 . This Act was basically designed to protect children and to provide few measures for health and safety of the workers. This law was applicable to only those factories, which employed 100 or more workers .
In 1891 another Factories Act was passed which extended to the factories employee 50 or more workers .

4. FACTORIES ACT INCLUDE Health
Safety Welfare
Working hours of adults
Annual leave wages

5. Objectives The main objectives of the Indian Factories Act, 1948. To regulate the working conditions in factories,
To regulate health,
Safety welfare,
Annual leave and
Enact special provision in respect of young persons, Women and children who work in the factories.

6. Fundamentals of Accident Prevention Accident – An accident is an unplanned, unforeseen and undesirable occurrence which interrupts a normal activity and which results in either an injury, loss of life, damage to material, equipment or facility or any combination of these .

7. Basic Activities Successful accident prevention requires a minimum of four fundamental activities: a) A study of all working areas to detect and eliminate or control physical hazards which contribute to accidents.
b) A study of all operating methods and practices.
c) Education, instruction, training and discipline to minimize human factors which contribute to accidents.
d) Thorough investigations of accidents to determine contributing circumstances.

8. Typical Unsafe Acts The majority of unsafe acts of persons may be assigned to one or more of the following classifications: a) Failure to follow instructions or a proper job procedure. b) Failure to use available personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, hard hats. c) Failure to wear safe personal attire. d) Failure to secure or warn.
e) Improper use of equipment.

9. PHYSICOCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS OF EFFLUENTS Effluent is an out flowing of water from a natural body of water, or from a man-made structure. Water pollution or waste water discharge from the industrial facilities.
REASON OF TESTING
To find out, Pollution load
Presence of toxic ingredients
Colour, turbidity, odour and quality of water-pH and acidity / alkalinity Suspended solids and dissolved solids-Phenolic compounds and oily materials

10. GUIDELINES FOR TESTING EFFLUENTS Samples may be collected at specific intervals and finally can be mixed before analysis. Containers made up of glass, polythene or any suitable plastic material may be used. Samples may also be refrigerated to avoid loss of volatile matter
Samples could be preserved after adjusting the pH, O2, CO2, CO may be estimated

11. TESTING RESULTS ARE REPORTED AS FOLLOWS Effluents may be expressed as mg/ ltr , ppm, %/ ltr , and mcg/ ltr . Acidity/Alkalinity/Oil/Grease/CN/Phenol/Dyes content should be reported Testing of waste water (effluent)

12. BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND(BOD) It is the amounts of oxygen required by micro organisms to bio chemically oxidize carbonaceous organic matter at 20°C in 5 days. 10 mg/litre or less. Excess makes water toxic Measurement: Special designed bottle with flared cap Incubated at 20°C for 5 day measuring DO
Microorganism added if required
Dissolved oxygen in ppm (mg/ ltr ) = N (V) (8) (1000)/ V1
V = Volume of sodium thiosulphate required
N = Normality
V I= Volume of sample taken

13. CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND(COD) Oxygen equivalent of organic matter present in waste water that is susceptible to oxidation Waste water sample is refluxed with a known excess of pot. Dichromate in a 50% sulphuric acid solution in presence of silver sulphate and mercuric sulphate
The organic matter of the sample is oxidised to water, carbon dioxide and ammonia. The excess of dichromate remaining untreated in the solution is titrated against
standard ferrous ammonium sulphate COD (mg/l) = (V1-V2) x N x 8 x100/X V1 = Volume of ferrous ammonium sulphate solution consumed in blank
V2 Volume of ferrous ammonium sulphate solution consumed for test solution
X= Volume of sample taken
N= Normality of ferrous ammonium sulphate solution

14. DETERMINATION OF SOME CONTAMINANTS Determination of contaminants involves use of following methods
Liquid chromatography
Mass Spectroscopy NMR Spectroscopy

15. EFFLUENT TREATMENT PROCEDURE A process to convert wastewater which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused Physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to remove contaminants and produce treated wastewater (or treated effluent) that is safer for the environment. CONCEPT OF ETP:- Effluent treatment Plant covers the mechanisms and processes used to treat such waters that have been contaminated in some way by anthropogenic industrial or commercial activities prior to its release into the environment or its re-use. This effluent contains several pollutants, which can be removed with the help of an effluent treatment plant. ETP treat water and make free from all objectionable impurities present in suspension

16. WHY THERE IS A NEED TO TREAT EFFLUENT? To prevent groundwater pollution
To prevent sea shore pollution
To prevent soil pollution To protect marine life
To Protect of public health NEED OF ETP IN INDUSTRY A wastewater treatment help them to: Stay in compliance Reduce transportation and off-site treatment costs.
Reduce supply costs by recovering production materials out of the waste-stream for re- use.
Eliminate unnecessary water usage during processing.

17. ROLE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or environment. An emergency is not a disaster in itself, but an event requiring an immediate response.
Emergency services and rescue services are organizations which ensure public safety and health by addressing different emergencies.

18. The Emergency Control Organization is responsible for: Implementing emergency procedures as prescribed in the Emergency Plan & Procedures. Ensuring that all personnel within their area of responsibility are trained for their role in an emergency.
Reporting any matters likely to affect the viability of the Emergency Plan & Procedures. Checking on the effectiveness of emergency systems and equipment

19. Thank you