FALLSEMFY2023-24_BSTS201P_SS_CH2023241700090_Reference_Material_I_28-10-2023_Verbal_Reasoning.pptx

soft skills verbal reasoning

1. Topic/Course Sub-Topic (Example: name of college) VIT

2. VERBAL REASONING

3. Directions: Read the given passages and answer the questions that follow. Organisations are institutions in which members compete for status and power. They compete for the resources of the organisation , for example, finances to expand their own departments, for career advancement and for power to control the activities of others. In pursuit of these aims, groups are formed and sectional interests emerge. As a result, policy decisions may serve the ends of political and career systems rather than those of the organisation . In this way, the goals of the organisation may give way to favour sectional interests and individual ambitions. These preoccupations sometimes prevent the emergence of organic systems. Many of the electronic firms in the study had recently created research and development departments employing highly-qualified and well-paid scientists and technicians. Contd … Question 1-5

4. Their high pay and expert knowledge were sometimes seen as a threat to the established order of rank, power and privilege. Many senior managers had little knowledge of technicality and possibilities of new developments and electronics. Some felt that close cooperation with the experts in an organic system would reveal their ignorance and show their experience was now redundant. Question 1-5

5. What is the crisis faced by an organisation as claimed by the author? A) B) C) D) Members of an organisation compete for status and power. Members compete for the resources of an organisation . Members prefer to expand their own departments for career advancements. Members’ inclination towards sectional interests and individual ambitions at the expense of organisation’s goals. Question 1

6. What is the holistic effect of the crisis? A) B) Status and power are the members’ only interest. Pursuit of power to control the activities of others. Question 2 C ) D ) Policy decisions may not serve the organisation as a whole. Competition for resources like finance.

7. In this passage, “organic system” means ______________________. A) B) The way how a tree grows from a seed in an organisational context. An organisational system that is interconnected with departments of equal significance and one that harmoniously helps the organisation as a whole to grow. Question 3 C ) D ) The complex hierarchy of an organisation which resembles an organic living thing. The term for denoting the various branches of an organisation .

8. Why does the author think that an organic system is not established here? Question 4 A) B) Many senior managers had little knowledge of technicality and possibilities of new developments and electronics. All the entities within the organisation were not willing to work as a cohesive unit. C ) D ) The high pay and expert knowledge of the R&D personnel were seen as a threat to the established order. Senior managers were ignorant and under-qualified.

9. What is the tone of the author in this passage? A) B) Critical Analytical Question 5 C) D) Admirable Sarcastic

10. Directions: Read the given passages and answer the questions that follow. One day a visitor knocked at Nasreddin Shah’s door. “I am your cousin from Konya,” he introduced himself, “and I have brought you a duck to celebrate the visit.” Nasreddin was delighted. He asked his wife to cook the duck, and served the visitor a fine dinner. The next day another visitor arrived. “I am a friend of the man who brought you the duck,” he said. Nasreddin invited him in and gave him a good meal. The next day, a yet another visitor arrived, claiming that he was the friend of the friend of the man who had brought the duck. Nasreddin treated this man too with a fine meal, but began to get second thoughts that visitors are using his house as a restaurant . Contd …. Question 6 -8

11. Then another visitor came, and said he was the friend of the friend of the friend of the man who had brought the duck. Nasreddin invited him to eat dinner with him. His wife served this visitor some soup and the visitor tasted it. “What kind of soup is this?” asked the visitor very curiously. “It tastes just like warm water.” “Ah!” said Nasreddin , “That is the soup of the soup of the soup of the duck.” The visitor was bewildered! Question 6 -8

12. What is the moral of the story? Question 6 A) B) Guests should always be welcomed and offered food. Use wit and don’t allow others take you for a ride. C) D) If soup is offered, guests will not pay visits to your home. Nasreddin Shah is a clever man.

13. What was the name of the place of the first visitor? Question 7 A) B) Kenya Chechenya C) D) Konya Himalaya

14. Why the visitor became very curious? Question 8 A) B) The soup was very delicious. Nasreddin’s wife served warm water. C) D) The dinner didn’t include soup. The soup tasted like warm water.

15. Between 2000 and 2008, occupancy in HG Hospital averaged 79 percent of capacity, while admission rates remained constant, at an average of 9 admissions per 100 beds per year. Between 2008 and 2012, however, occupancy rates increased to an average of 85 percent of capacity, while admission rates declined to 8 per 100 beds per year. Which of the following conclusions can be most properly drawn from the information given above? Question 9

16. A) B) The average stay for HG hospital patients rose between 2008 and 2012. The proportion of children staying in HG hospital was greater in 2012 than in 2000. Question 9 C) D) The more beds a nursing home has, the higher its occupancy rate is likely to be. Hospital admission rates tend to decline whenever occupancy rates rise.

17. Based on a review of 45 studies of patients suffering from water retention, a large majority of the patients reported that fasting eased their suffering considerably. Yet fasting is not used to treat water retention even though the conventional medications often have serious side effects. Which of the following, if true, best explains the fact that fasting is not used as a treatment for water retention? Question 10

18. A) B) The dramatic shifts in water retention connected with fasting have not been traced to particular changes in brain chemistry. The water retention returns in full force as soon as the fast is broken by even a small meal. Question 10 C) D) For a small percentage of patients with water retention, fasting induces a temporary sense of nausea. Fasting is not advised by many doctors.

19. More political magazines are sold in Chotaville than in Badaville . Therefore, the residents of Chotaville are better informed about all political issues and events than are the residents of Badaville . Each of the following, if true, weakens the conclusion above EXCEPT: Question 11

20. A) B) Most residents of Badaville work in Chotaville and buy political magazines there. A survey says that the average resident of Chotaville spends less time reading political magazines than does the average resident of Badaville . Question 11 C) D) Most of the political magazines sold in Chotaville are not having wide coverage on political issues compared to the coverage of political magazines in Badaville . The average price of magazines sold in Chotaville is lower than the average price of magazines in Badaville .

21. Papaya has more nutritional value than apple. But since pomegranate has more nutritional value than muskmelon, it follows that papaya has more nutritional value than muskmelon. Any of the following, if introduced into the argument as an additional premise, makes the argument above logically correct EXCEPT: Question 12

22. A) B) Papaya and pomegranate have the same nutritional value. Apple has more nutritional value than pomegranate Question 12 C) D) Apple has more nutritional value than muskmelon Pomegranate has more nutritional value than papaya

23. The manufacturing cost of leather belts in Brazil is 25% less than the manufacturing cost of them in Cuba. Even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import leather belts from Brazil to Cuba than to manufacture leather belts in Cuba. The statements above, if true, best supports which of the following assertions? Question 13

24. A) B) Labour costs in Brazil are 25% below those in Cuba Importing leather belts from Brazil to Cuba will eliminate 25% of the manufacturing jobs in Cuba Question 13 C) D) The tariff on leather belts imported from Brazil to Cuba is less than 25% of the cost of manufacturing leather belts in Cuba. It takes 25% less time to manufacture one leather belt in Brazil than it does in Cuba.

25. Two experimental fields were each planted with corn. Fertilizer was added to the first field but not to the second. The first field produced 250 bushels of corn per acre and the second field produced 180 bushels of corn per acre. Since nothing else but water was added to either fields, the higher yield in the first field must be due to the fertilizer. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above? Question 14

26. A) B) A small amount of the fertilizer leached into the second field. Four different types of corn grown in equal proportions in each of the fields. Question 14 C) D) Some weeds that compete with corn cannot tolerate high amounts of fertilizer in the soil. The two experimental fields were located in different states.

27. Researcher: Bees can certainly signal each other with sounds and gestures. However, this does not confirm the thesis that bees possess language, for it does not prove that bees possess the ability to use sounds or gestures to refer to concrete objects or abstract ideas. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the scientist’s argument depends? Question 15

28. A) B) Bees do not have the cognitive capabilities to entertain abstract ideas. If a bee’s system of sounds or gestures is not a language, then that bee is unable to entertain abstract ideas. Question 15 C) D) When signalling each other with sounds and gestures, bees refer neither to concrete objects nor abstract ideas. If a system of sounds or gestures contains no expressions referring to concrete objects or abstract ideas, then that system is not a language.

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