Fancy birds

A well set presentation on fancy birds ,not so common to find such a thing on any forum

1. Topic Production and Management of fancy birds

2. Production and management of fancy birds Parrot Introduction Psitaci former Origin: Australia and South America (Kept as royal companion) Roughly 393 Species Normal Life span 50-95 Years may vary depending upon breeds Breeds/Mutations African Grey Parrot Orange winged Amazon Golden Colour Macaw Raw Parrot (Indemic to Hilly Areas)

3. Pigeon Derived from Latin word “Pipion” meaning domestic Origin: Colombialiva,Europe,Middleast, Africa, Rocky Ravines of Asia Pigeon farming introduced by Mughals in South Asia Life span 15 Years may vary from Breed to breed Symbol of Peace Breeds/Mutations Lakka Zeera Lotan Kali Kheri Naswari

4. Cockatiel Nymphicus Hollandicus Also know as quarrian and weiro Derived from dutch word “ Kaktieljie ” Indemic to Australia mainly desert Life span 16-25 Years (may vary depending upon the health and breed) Birds of dust( powder under feathers) Breeds/Mutations Normal grey Lutino (Whitish Yellow head orange cheek spots) White face Cinamon ( Silver Brown)

5. Mutations of Cockatiel

6. Love Birds Roseicollis Common name of Agapornis Native to African Continents Species 8-9 Life span 10-15 Years (may vary) Breeds /Mutations Fissure Pink Face Black Mask Grey Headed Albino Red Eyed

7. Breeds of love birds

8. Parrot Housing Cage size per Bird (2x2x3)ft. Cage must be double as the size of the bird Use appropriate material for the cage Proper ventilation and light is required Proper cleaning system should be present At commercial level 3 and 4 tyre system can be used Feeding Omnivores Eat fresh fruits vegetables Birds love to eat seeds Pelleted food nuts like also eat insects Fresh fruits and vegetables provide all the essential nutrients required for normal growth.

9. Pigeon Housing Houses are called loft Cage size 9ft. x 12ft. Can accommodate 25-30 pairs Ventilation and proper light must be provided Proper Cleaning…… Feeding Compounded feed For baby pigeon milk is used Eat pelleted grains, peas, oyster shell, grit bone, di calcium Phosphate salt Feed two times a day

10. Cockatiel Housing Cage size for pair (6x3x3)ft. Proper ventilation and light should be provided At Commercial level tyre system can be used Feeding Pellets, Fresh fruits. Moist Wheat Bread Supplements Spirulina and Prozyme Mineral blocks of calcium

11. Love Birds Housing Cage size for pair (1x1x1) Meter Special Rough Perches are also used Like sunshine , so provide space for light. Nesting Box are used ( for all pet birds ). Feeding Combined various seeds , grains and nuts. Also eat green wheat and legumes . Basic dry mix food can be used .

12. Cages.

13. Parrots Breeding and Mating Require spring season , warm environment. Cage size must be 1ft*1ft. Nest boxes are used . Need longer Day light. Also provide isolated environment . Large breeds breeding age is 4-7 years . Small breeds 1 year. Show special behaviour at the time of mating. Pay special attention on pair at the time of breeding and provide proper facilities for breeding.

14. Nest box.

15. Cockatiel Sexually mature at 18 months 10-12 hour bright natural or artificial light is required Can breed in any time of year Nest boxes are used Provide isolated environment Mating Behaviour Female sit low on the perch with her tail in air and emits peeping sounds Pigeon Breed Whole year and usually long day breeder Per year 5-8 squabs production Provide each pair isolated cage Sexually mature at 6-7 months Mating Behaviour Bowing Tail dragging Driving Billing Clapping

16. Mating Behaviour of Cockatiel Female try to feed male itself. Female likes rubbing Male Beak pounding(tapping beak on cage wires) The strut(mating dance) The Wing Thing(formation of heart by wings) Whistling(each cockatiel has its own composition).

17. Love Birds Sexually mature at age 1 year Can breed in any time of the year Provide sufficient light during breeding season Special nest boxes are used. For all Birds Special Bedding material should be provided in the cages or nest boxes during breeding so the birds can breed comfortably Material may be straws, Newspaper pages etc. Mating Behaviour Both male and female try to remain close to each other while sitting, sleeping and perching. Kissing, preening and whistling .

18. Egg laying Parrots Egg production vary from breed to breed Indian ring neck lay 20 eggs and have two clutches a year. Macaws and Amazons lay 1-4 eggs once a year. Can lay infertile eggs in absence of male Pigeons Give 2 eggs per clutch 1 first day and second third day . Lay eggs after 8-12 days of mating. Per year 12-15 eggs Fertility 90% Hatchability 85% Egg weight 11 Grams. 2-4 eggs of pigeon=I chicken egg

19. Cockatiel Lay eggs 7-8 days after mating. Give 8 eggs per clutch Female take 15 days to lay a clutch with breaks. Also lay infertile eggs without male Fertility 90% Love Birds Lay eggs after 3-5 days of mating. Clutch consists of 4-6 eggs. Lay 1 egg each day till the clutch is completed. Can lay infertile eggs.

20. Incubation and Brooding Parrots Incubation period may vary from breed to breed generally 24-28 days Temperature required 98-100 o F Humidity 38-52% Brooding temperature 85 o F Pigeons Incubation period 17-18 days Temp. required 98-100 o F Both male and female will brood the eggs by turns Male till afternoon and female till next morning

21. Cockatiel Incubation period 21 days Temp. required 99-100 o F Male and female pluck feathers from body to form brood patches Both male and female will brood the eggs by turns Normal body temperature is required for brooding Love Birds Incubation period 22-25 days Temp. required 97-100 o F Incubation period may vary from breed to breed Both male and female will brood the eggs

22. Artificial Incubation 250 watts light bulb 36 degree Celsius controlled temprature 35%-56% humidity Don’t store eggs in plastic material it causes dehydration. Pre incubation Storage of eggs is done at 13 degree Celsius and RH 60%

23. Sexing Parrots No special differences Different breed may show colour differences in neck, tail, feathers, tail length. By Feeling Pelvic bone if a dip appears bird is female otherwise male Vent sexing(Surgical) also used In some breeds male is larger in size than female Pigeons Difficult to tell until a chick is older several months Female is more refined in head and neck Male is aggressive with louder croting Surgical vent sexing also used

24. Cockatiel For all mutations females have dark tail , wings and retain wing dots Male lose wing dots and tail barring Female cheek patches are generally lighter Female is shorter in size Love Birds At age of 1 year diff. signs appear in body of male and female Some experts can tell feeling pelvic bone and sharp points beneath cloaca. if points are nearer the bird is male otherwise female Commonly , Sexing is done on the basis of colour (depends on Mutation) , Size of the bird and feeling the vent area . Usually the pelvic area in female is wider.

25. Diseases and Remedies Disease Cause Target Cure Parrot fever (Psittacosis) Chlamydia Psittaci Internal Organs liver, brain, heart, Lungs Tetracycline 4-10 days (as prescribed by Veterinarian) Aspergillosis Aspergillus Fungus Respiratory tract Symptoms include poor apettite, difficult breathing, loss of weight Anti Fungal Drugs Voriconazol amphotericin Giardiasis Unicellular protozoa, Giardia. Small intestine( Diarrhea weight loss poor feathering Flagyl Parrot

26. Cockatiel Disease Cause Target Cure Egg binding Calcium deficiency Egg stuck in cloaca Calcium supplements are used Polyoma Polyoma virus Occur through Respiratory tract but spread to other organs . loss of immunity , Swollen abdomen. Vomiting Vaccination in early age . Giardiasis Unicellular protozoa, Giardia. Small intestine( Diarrhea weight loss poor feathering Flagyl

27. Love Birds Diseases Cause Target Cure Beak and Feather disease Circovirus Fastly growing beak and feather cells. Symptoms include feather shedding , sores and leison on body No effective treatment just maintain the bird’s quality of life and avoid contaminated food Polyoma Polyoma virus Occur through Respiratory tract but spread to other organs . loss of immunity , Swollen abdomen. Vomiting Vaccination in early age . Giardiasis Unicellular protozoa, Giardia. Small intestine( Diarrhea weight loss poor feathering Flagyl

28. Pigeons Disease Cause Target Cure Candidiasis Yeast Candida Albicans Oral and Vaginal thrush Anti fungal Drug Di- flucane Canker Protozoan Trichomonas Oral-nasal cavity and respiratory tract Turbosole

29. Marketing Fancy birds are imported and exported The price of birds depend upon breed and purpose of breed e.g Pigeons used for racing have high market value than others. Parrots that mimics human beings have higher prices. Moreover larger breeds like Macaw are very valuable and expensive.

30. Marketing Love birds and Cockatiel market value depend upon colour variation because these are usually used for beautification in houses In Pakistan most of breeds of these birds are adaptive to climate. Export import centers are in Karachi