Fats n oils structure and properties

Fats and oils

1. Prepared by
Ms.SayyedMohsina

2. Plant
Marine
organism
Animal
Fats and oils
Cattle,sheep
goat
Seeds,nuts
Whale,dolphin,
seal,salmons

3. STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF FATS AND OILS
Animalandvegetablefatsandoilshavesimilarchemicalstructures.
Theyaretriestersformedfromglycerolandlong-chaincarboxylic
acids(oftencalledfattyacids).

4. Atriesterofglyceroliscalledatriglycerideorglyceride.IfalltheR
groupsintheabovegeneralformulaareidentical,thetriesteris
designatedasaSimpleglyceride,andiftheyarenotaMixed
glyceride,

5. Some other example

6. Itisthedegreeofunsaturationoftheconstituentfattyacidswhich
determineswhetheratriglyceridewillbeasolidoraliquid.The
glyceridesinwhich.long-chainsaturatedacidcomponents
predominatetendtobesolidorsemi-solid,andaretermedfats.On
theotherhand,oilsareglycerylesterswhichcontainhigher
proportionofunsaturatedfattyacidcomponents.

7. PHYSICAL PR0PERTIES
1.Oilsandfatmaybeeitherliquidsornoncrystallinesolidsatroom
temperature.
2.Whenpuretheyarecolourless,odourlessandtasteless.The
characteristiccolours,odours,andflavoursassociatedwithnatural
oilsandfatsareimpartedtothembyforeignsubstances.
Forexample,theyellowcolourofbutterisduetothepresenceofthe
pigmentcaroteneandthetasteofbutterisduetothefollowingtwo
compoundswhichareproducedbybacteriaintheripeningof
creams.
.

8. 3)Theyarelighterthanandinsolubleinwaterand,therefore,form
theupperlayerwhenmixedwithit.Theyarereadilysolublein
organicsolventslikediethylether,acetone,alkanes,benzene,
chloroform,carbontetrachlorideandcarbondisulphide.
(4)Theyreadilyformemulsionswhenagitatedwithwaterinthe
presenceofsoap,gelatinorotheremulsifiers.
(5)Theyarepoorconductorsofheatandelectricityand,therefore,
serveasexcellentinutatorsfortheanimalbody.
PHYSICAL PR0PERTIES