Feed Raw Material Handling and Storage SILO.ppt

Raw material of feed handling and storage

1. Feed Raw Material Feed Raw Material
Handling and StorageHandling and Storage

2. Raw Material for Poultry Raw Material for Poultry
FeedFeed
Raw
Material
% of
Feed
Sources
Coarse
grains
48 Maize, Rice tips, Sorghum & Wheat.
Cereal & ind.
by products
18 Rice polishing, Rice bran, Wheat bran, Maize
bran & Molasses.
Vegetable
Proteins
20 Soybean meal, Canola meal, Sunflower meal,
Rape seed meal, Guar meal, Cotton seed
meal, Sesame meal & Corn gluten meal.
Animal
Proteins
7 Fish meal, Poultry by product meal, Meat
meal.
Others 5 Dicalcium Phosphate, Limestone, Bone meal.
Micro-
Ingredients
2 Vitamins, Minerals, Amino acids, Feed
additives & Coccidiostats.

3. Handling & StorageHandling & Storage

Grain storageGrain storage
–BaggedBagged
–Bulk storageBulk storage
–SilosSilos

Meal storageMeal storage
–BaggedBagged

Liquid storageLiquid storage
–Tanks & binsTanks & bins

Vitamins storageVitamins storage
–TemperatureTemperature
–LightLight
–HumidityHumidity

4. RAW MATERIAL QUALITY CONTROLRAW MATERIAL QUALITY CONTROL
STORGE
GODOWNS
Concrete Floors
Well Ventilated
Rain & leak Proof Roofs & Walls
FIFO
SILOS
Aeration
Uniform Temperature
To avoid condensation
Inter-bin transfer

5. Grain Storage Grain Storage
ManagementManagement

Main process of theMain process of the
““Quality Management System”Quality Management System”
Requirement of all Industrial Standards and Requirement of all Industrial Standards and
Food and Safety LawsFood and Safety Laws
–HACCPHACCP
–ISO 22000ISO 22000
–GSP (Good Storage Practices)GSP (Good Storage Practices)

6. RAW MATERIAL StorageRAW MATERIAL Storage

Producer/ FarmerProducer/ Farmer

Merchandiser/ Middle-manMerchandiser/ Middle-man

GovernmentGovernment

Feed Mill / Four MillFeed Mill / Four Mill

7. 
Scope of storage can be different for Scope of storage can be different for
them, but objective should be the them, but objective should be the
same.same.

Preserving ValuePreserving Value

Preserving UtilityPreserving Utility

8. Grain Storage Grain Storage
Management SystemManagement System

““Creating and maintaining a storage Creating and maintaining a storage
environment that enables grain to be environment that enables grain to be
stored without significant quality stored without significant quality
degradation”.degradation”.

9. Enemies of Grain QualityEnemies of Grain Quality

InsectsInsects

MoistureMoisture

HeatHeat

MoldsMolds

10. Friends of Grain QualityFriends of Grain Quality

SelectionSelection

Grain cleaningGrain cleaning

SanitationSanitation

InformationInformation

AerationAeration

ChemicalsChemicals

MaintenanceMaintenance

11. How to Store ?How to Store ?

Traditional SystemTraditional System
–Bags – WarehouseBags – Warehouse

Advanced SystemAdvanced System
–SilosSilos

12. Traditional System’sTraditional System’s
InsufficiencyInsufficiency

Material Handling Reasons.Material Handling Reasons.
–Increased VolumesIncreased Volumes
–Labor shortageLabor shortage

Regulatory Reasons.Regulatory Reasons.
–Industrial StandardsIndustrial Standards
–Regulatory standardsRegulatory standards

Economical Reasons.Economical Reasons.
–Cost of bagsCost of bags
–Cost of warehouseCost of warehouse
Establishing a good Grain Storage Management System is Establishing a good Grain Storage Management System is
relatively difficultrelatively difficult

13. Grain Storage SilosGrain Storage Silos

TypesTypes
–Concrete siloConcrete silo
–Steel SiloSteel Silo

14. Recent TrendRecent Trend
From concrete...
…to steel.

15. Grain Storage SilosGrain Storage Silos

16. Why Steel SilosWhy Steel Silos

Economical than concrete.Economical than concrete.
–DesigningDesigning
–ConstructionConstruction

Ease of installation.Ease of installation.

Resale or Change of placeResale or Change of place

17. Feature of Steel SiloFeature of Steel Silo

Silo loading systemSilo loading system

Silo Un-loading SystemSilo Un-loading System
–Sweep augersSweep augers
–Side drawSide draw

Temperature monitoring systemTemperature monitoring system

Aeration systemAeration system

FumigationFumigation

Level indicatorsLevel indicators

Inside/out side laddersInside/out side ladders

18. 85-07214 85-07214 85-07214 85-07214 Delete this silo
3 x 25.00 M
2
6
.
0
0
0

M
D=21.95 M
(2) 45-01234
TRUCK/BAG
LOADOUT
SILOS
‘SCALPERATOR’
PRE-CLEANER
(CLOSED CIRCUIT)
GRAIN STORAGE FACILITY
GRAIN STORAGE FOR 30,000 MT WHEAT
IN (8) SILOS, 3,800 MT STORAGE EACH
RECEIVING CAPACITY 150 MT/H
A
P
P
R
.
1
.5
0
0
M
M
S
T
E
M
W
A
L
L
1
1
.
4
3

M
1
7
.2

M
TRUCK
ENTRANCE
TRUCK
EXIT
BAGGING
STATION
SILO AERATION
FANS
SILO HIGH LEVEL
INDICATION

19. Grain Storage SilosGrain Storage Silos

20. Outside Ladder
Flooring

21. Quick Access Doors

One ring access One ring access
(30” X 41½”) (30” X 41½”)
–Two tier walk Two tier walk
(26” X 61½”) (26” X 61½”)

22. Larger Access Doors

6’X7’ Drive in Door6’X7’ Drive in Door

7’X7’ Drive in 7’X7’ Drive in
DoorDoor

12’X12’ Drive 12’X12’ Drive
in Doorin Door

24. SelectionSelection

25. SelectionSelection

26. CleaningCleaning

27. LoadingLoading

28. 
Distribute Distribute
“fines”“fines”
–GravityGravity
–No density No density
separationseparation

29. Silo UnloadingSilo Unloading

30. Unloading SystemUnloading System
Center Well
Intermediate
Wells

31. Center unloadingCenter unloading

32. Side Draw Silo UnloadingSide Draw Silo Unloading

33. UnloadingUnloading

34. UnloadingUnloading

35. InformationInformation
Temperature Cable SystemTemperature Cable System

36. Temperature MonitoringTemperature Monitoring

37. Why to Aerate Grain?Why to Aerate Grain?

To condition dry grainTo condition dry grain

Conditioned grainConditioned grain
–Less mold/fungi growthLess mold/fungi growth
–Less insect activityLess insect activity
–Managed moistureManaged moisture
–Managed heatManaged heat

Improve chances of successful storageImprove chances of successful storage

38. Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain?

Grain condition canGrain condition can
–never be improvednever be improved
–can only be maintainedcan only be maintained

39. Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain?

Because grain is aliveBecause grain is alive
–If planted, it will growIf planted, it will grow

40. Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain?

Living grainLiving grain
–Breathes airBreathes air
–Releases Releases
moisturemoisture

Aeration equalizes Aeration equalizes
moisturemoisture

Aeration equalizes Aeration equalizes
temperaturetemperature

41. Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain?

Mold and fungi always presentMold and fungi always present

Spoilage created bySpoilage created by
–Mold & fungiMold & fungi
–HeatHeat
–MoistureMoisture

Control insect environmentControl insect environment

42. Aeration SystemAeration System

FansFans

TransitionsTransitions

FlooringFlooring

VentingVenting

43. Silo Aeration SystemSilo Aeration System

44. Different Floor LayoutsDifferent Floor Layouts

45. Different Floor LayoutsDifferent Floor Layouts

46. Roof VentsRoof Vents

ElbowElbow

MushroomMushroom

47. Aeration System

48. Temperature Cable Temperature Cable
SystemSystem

49. Hot SpotHot Spot

55. Temperature ReadingsTemperature Readings
T/C Number
5/26 161414121212
5/19 141312121212
5/11 131212121212
Date 1 23 456
Cable #1

56. Aeration FrontAeration Front
Aeration Front

57. Temperature Cable SystemTemperature Cable System
Cooling Front

58. Temperature Cable SystemTemperature Cable System
Cooling Front

59. Moisture - Temperature - Storage CapabilityMoisture - Temperature - Storage Capability
Moisture
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
40
30
20
10
ºC ºF
Insects
Fungi

60. FumigationFumigation

Close / seal ventClose / seal vent

SealableSealable

Recirculation SystemRecirculation System
Seal
Eaves
Aeration Fan
Fumigation
Fan

61. Successful Grain StorageSuccessful Grain Storage