Femoral vessels and nerve

Discussion about Femoral artery and Profunda femoris artery.
Also discussion about Femoral vein and Femoral Nerve.

1. Femoral Artery
Femoral vein
Femoral Nerve
Dr Rajiv Ranjan
RIMS, RanchiDr Rajiv Ranjan

2. Arteries of inferior extremityDr Rajiv Ranjan

3. Femoral Artery
Continuation of the external iliac A
Enters behind inguinal lig. @midinguinalpoint
Descends through femoral triangle (1” in
sheath)
Courses beneath sartorius to enter the
adductor canal
Changes to popliteal A as it passes through
adductor hiatus
CatheterizationDr Rajiv Ranjan

4. Branches
4 small branches below inguinal lig.
Profunda femoris A
Descending genicular artery
Muscular branches to s
artorius,
vastusmedialisDr Rajiv Ranjan

5. ProfundafemorisA
Arises laterally from the femoral A, 1’’ below
the
inguinal lig.
Spirals posterior to femoral A & V to reach the
m
edial side of the femur
Passes between pectineus & adductor longus
the
n
Between A
and brevis and then
descends between Add. Longus and magnus
Pierces add. Magnus and terminate as 4
th
perforating arteryby anastomosing with
branches of popliteal A
Upper border of Adductor longusseparates the Femoral & profunda AsDr Rajiv Ranjan

6. Profunda femoris A
Branches
Branches
Medial circumflex femoral arteries
Lateral circumflex femoral arteries
Perforating a
rteries –4
Muscular branchesDr Rajiv Ranjan

7. Lateral circumflex femoral A
Arises from the lateral side of profundaA
Passes between the branches of the
f
emoral N, dividing them into superficial
and deep groups
Disappears from t
he femoral triangle
beneath sartoriusto lie deep to rectus
femoris.
Here it breaks up into 3 branches
Ascending br. Gives a
branch to the
trochanteric anastomosis and passes on
towards the ASIS
Transverse br. f
orm one limb of the
cruciate anastomosis
Descending br. s
lopes steeply downwards,
with the nerve to vastus lateralisends by
anastomosing at Patellar AnastomosisDr Rajiv Ranjan

8. Medial circumflex femoral A
Arises from the medial side of the profundaA
Passes backwards between pectineus & psoas
tendon.
Running above the upper border of Adductor
brevis, it passes between the contiguous
borders of quadratus femoris and adductor
magnusto enter the gluteal region.
2 branches :
Ascending br
anch follows obturator
externus to the trochanteric anastomosis
Horizontal branch forms the Medial limb of
t
he cruciate anastomosisDr Rajiv Ranjan

9. 4 Perforating Arteries
Pass ba through the adductor magnus
near the lineaaspera
1
st
above and the 4
th
below adductor brevis,
and the 2
nd
and 3
rd
through it.
supply the
adductor muscles and the
hamstrings and end in vastuslateralis.
The terminal twigs make a series of an
asto
moseswith one another, with the cruciate
anastomosis above and with the popliteal
artery below.Dr Rajiv Ranjan

10. Revise Dr Rajiv Ranjan

11. Femoral Vein
Begins at the adductor hiatus as the
c
ontinuation of the popliteal vein
Enters th
apex of femoral triangle
lying posterior to the artery, at the
base lies medial to it
Ends posterior to the inguinal
lig
ament as the external iliac veinDr Rajiv Ranjan

12. Tributaries
Profunda femoris V
Long saphenous V
Lateral and medial
c
ircumflex femoral VDr Rajiv Ranjan

13. Relation of Femoral V wrtA
Proximal femoral triangle medial
Distal femoral triangle & proximal adductor
canal posterior
Distal adductor canal posterolateralDr Rajiv Ranjan

14. Femoral Nerve
Largest branch of the lumbar plexus
Arises from po
sterior divisions of L2-4
Descends through psoas major then
b
etween psoas and iliacus
Passing behind the inguinal ligament
en
ters the thigh
Split into anterior and posterior
divis
ions by Lat. Circumflex femoral ADr Rajiv Ranjan

15. N to iliacus and pectineus
Anterior division
Medial femoral cutaneous N
intermediate femoral cutaneous N
Nerve to sar
torius
Posterior division
saphenous nerve
Muscular branches to quadriceps
Articular br. To knee jt.
BranchesDr Rajiv Ranjan

16. Dr Rajiv Ranjan