Fertility and determinants

Fertility and determinants for ug MBBS

1. Fertility and determinants

2. Factors affecting fertility Age at marriage – Marriage before 18 years If marriage is postponed from 16 to 20 – 21 years number of birts would decrease by 20 – 30%. average age of marriage is 22.3 years

3. Duration of married life – 10 – 25 % of birth within first 5 years 50 – 55% within 5 – 15 years Spacing of children – Birth rate declines by postponing all births by 1 year

4. Education – Inverse relation between education and fertility Increases knowledge, More exposure to news and media Increased female participation in family planning Raises the opportunity costs of women’s time Fertility rate 1.07 times higher for illiterate women

5. Economic status – Inverse relationship with fertility Economic development is the best contraceptive Caste and religion – Higher in some religions Higher in lower caste among hindus

6. Nutrition – Well fed societies have lower fertility Family planning

7. Other factors – Place of women in society Widow marriage Breast feeding Customs and beliefs Industrialisation Housing Better health facilities

8. Fertility related statistics